1944 chicago convention

8/6/2019 1944 Chicago Convention

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/1944-chicago-convention 1/61

CONVENTION

ON

I N T E RNA T I O NA L

CIVI L AVIATION

DONE

AT CH ICAGO

ON THE

7TH DAY O P DECEMBER

1944



II

CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION

PREAMBLE

WHEREAS t h e fu tu r e development of i n t e r n a t o n a l c i v i l a v ia tl or i

can g r e a t l y h e l p t o c r e a t e a nd p r e se r v e f r i e n d s h i p and u n d ers t an d in g

among t h e n ztf ona and p eo p les o f t h e wor ld , y e t its abuse can become

a t h r e a t t o t h e g en e r al s e c u r i t y ; and

WHEREAS i t i~ d e s i r a b l e t o a v oi d f r i c t i o n a nd t o p romote t h a t

cooperat ion between nat ions and peoples upon which the peace of t he

world depends;

THEREFORE, t h e un der sig ned governments having ag re ed on c e r t a i n

p r i n c i p l e s and a rr an ge me nt s i n o r d e r t h a t i n t e r n a t i o n a l c i v i l a vi a-

t i o n may be developed in a s a f e and orderly manner and t h a t i n t e r n a -

t i o n a l a i r t r a n sp o r t s e r v i c es may b e e s t - ab l i sh ed on th e b a s i s of

eq u a l i t y o f o p p o r tu n i ty and o p e ra t ed sou n&ly a n d . economically ;

Have accordingly concluded t h i s Convent ion t o t h a t end ,

PART &. NAVIGATION-CHAPTER I

GENERAL PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATION OF THE CONVENTION

A r t i c l e -So v ere ig nty The co n t ra c t i n g S t a t e s r eco g n ize t h a t e v e r y S t e t e

has comgle te and exclus ive sovere ign ty over the a i r -

space above i t s t e r r i t o r y .

A r t i c l e -1 I i r r i t o q Fo r t h e p u rp o ses o f t h i s C onv en tio n t h e t e r r i t o r y

of a S t a t e s h a l l be deemed t o be th e l an d are as and- .

-

4

A



I t e r r i t o r i a l w a t e r s a d j a c e n t t h e r e t o u n d e r t h e s o v e r - IIe i g n t y , s u z e r a i n t y , p r o t e c t i o n o r m an d a te o f s u ch S t a t e

A r t i c l e 2I

C i v i l an d ( a ) This C o n v e n t i o n sha l l b e a p p l i c a b l e only t os t a t e a i r -

c r a f t c i v i l a i r c r a f t , a n d s h a l l n o t b e a p p l i c a b l e t o s t a t e

a i r c r a f t .( b ) A i r c r a f t u s ed i n m i l i t a r y , c us to m s an d p o l i c e

s e r v i c e s s h a l l b e deemed t o b e s t a t e a i r c r a f t .

( c ) No s t a t e a i r c r a f t of a c o n t r a c t i n g S t a t e

s h a l l f l y o v e r t h e t e r r i t o r y o f a n o t h e r S t a t e o r l a n d

t h e r e o n w i t h o u t a u t h o r i z a t i o n by s p e c i a l a gr ee m en t o r

o t h e r w i s e , a n d i n a c co r da n c e w i t h t h e t e r n s t h e re o f .

( d ) The c o n t r a c t i n g S t a t e s u n d e r t a k e , when l s s u -

i n g r e g u l a t i o n s f o r t h e i r s t a t e a i r c r a f t , t h a t t h e y

w i l l have d u e r e g a r d f o r the safety of navigation of

c i v i l a i r c r a f t .A r t i c l e 4

M isu se o f E ach c o n t r a c t i n g S t a t e a g r e e s n o t to u s e c i v i lc i v i l

I s . v i a t i o n a v i a t i o n f o r any p ur po s e i n c o n s i s t e n t w i t h t h e aims of

1 t h i s C o n v e n t i o n .

CHAPTER I1

FLIGHT OVER TERRITORY CONTRACTING

A r t i c l e 2- STATES

R i g h t o f non- E ac h c o n t r a c t i n g S t a t e a g r e e s that a l l a i r c r a f ts c h e d u l e df l i g h t o f t h e o t h e r c o n t r a c t i n g S t a t e s , b e i n g a i r c r a f t n o t

e ng a ged i n s c h e d u le d i n t e r n a t i o n a l a i r s e r v i c e s s h a l l

h a v e t h e r i g h t , s u b j e c t t o t h e o b s e rv a nc e o f t h e t e r m s

o f t h i s C on v e n t io n , t o make f l i g h t s i n t o o r i n t r a n s i t

n o n - s t o p a c r o s s i t s t e r r i t o r y a n d t o make s t o p s f o r



- - 4

n o n - t r a f f i c p u rp o se s w i th ou t t h e n e c e s s i t y of o b t a i n -

i n g p r i o r p e rm i ss i on , and s u b je c t t o t h e r i g h t o f t h e

S t a t e f low n o v e r t o r e q u i r e l a nd in g . Each c3n t rac t ing

S t a t e n e v er t h el e s s r e s e r v e s t h e r i g h t , f o r r e as on s of

s a f et y of f l i g h t , t o r e q u i r e a i r c r a f t d e s i r i ng t o pr o-

c ee d ov e r r e g i o n s which a r e i n a c c e s s i b l e o r w i th o ut

adequate a i r n a vt ga t io n f a c i l i t i e s t o f o l lo w p r es c ri b ec

r o u te s , o r t o o b t a i n s p e c i a l pe rm le si on f o r such

f l i g h t s .

Such a i r c r a f t , i f eng ag ed i n t h e ca r r i a g e of p as -

s en g er s , ca rg o , o r m a i l f o r r e mu ne ra ti on o r h i r e on

o t h e r t h a n s ch ed ul ed i n t e r n a t i o n a l a i r s e r v i c e s , s h a l l

a l s o , s u b je c t t o t h e p r o vi s i on s of A r t i c l e 7 , have the

p r i v i l e g e of t a k i n g on o r d i s c h a r g i ng p a s se n g e rs ,

c a rg o , o r mail, s u b Je c t t o t h e r i g h t o f any S t a t e

where su ch emb arka tion o r d i s ch a rge t &es p l a ce t o

impose s uc h r e g u l a t i o n s , c o n d i t i o n s o r l i m i t a t i o n s as

i t may c o n s i d e r d e s i r a b l e .

A r t i c l e

S ch ed ul ed No s c he d ul e d i n t e r n a t i o n a l a i r s e r v i c e m a y bea i r s e r v i c e s

o pe r at e d o ve r o r i n t o t h e t e r r i t o r y of a c o n t r a c t i n g

S t a t e , e x c e p t w i t h t h e s p e c i a l p er mi ss io n o r o t h e r

a u t h o r i z a t i o n o f t h a t S t a t e , a nd i n a cc or da nc e w i t h

t h e t er ms o f s u ch p e rm i ss i on o r a u t h o r i z a t i o n .

A r t i c l e ZCabotage Each co n t ra c t in g S t a t e s h a l l ha ve t h e r i g h t t o

r e f u s e p er mi ss io n t o t h e a i r c r a f t of o t h e r c o n t r a ct -

i n g S t a t e s t o t a k e on i n i t s t e r r i t o r y p a ss en ge rs ,

m a i l a nd ca rg o c a r r i e d f o r r em un er a ti on o r h i r e a nd



d ee t in ed f o r an o th e r p o in t wi th in i t s t e r r i t o r y . E a o h

co n t rac t in g S t a t e u nd er t ak es n o t t o en t e r i n to any ar-

rangement s wh ich sp ec i f i ca l ly g ran t any su ch p r i v i l eg e

on an e xc lu si ve b a si s t o m y o t h e r S t a t e o r an a i r l i n e

of any oth er S ta te , and not t o obt ai n any euch exclu-

s iv e p r i v i l eg e from any o t h e r S t a t e .

A r t i c l e 8-Pi lo t l e s s No a i r c r a f t cap ab le o f b e in g f lo wn witho ut a p i l o ta i r c r a f t

s h a l l be flown without a pilot over the t e r r i t o r y of

a co n t rac t in g S ta t e witho ut sp ec i a l au th o r i za t io n by

t h a t St a t e and i n accordance w i t h t h e t e rms of euch

au thor iza t i on . Each con t r ac t in g S t a t e undertake8 t o

in su re tha t t h e f l i g h t of s uc h a i r c r a f t w it ho ut a

p i l o t i n r e gi on s open t o c i v i l a i r c r a f t s h a l l be so

c o n t r o l l e d as t o o b vi a te danger t o c i v i l a i r c r a f t ,

A r t i c l e -Pro h ib i t ed ( a ) Each co n t rac t in g S t a t e may, f o r r e a so ns of

a r e a sm i l i t a r y n ec e s si t y o r p u b l ic s a f et y , r e s t r i c t o r pro-

h i b i t u ni fo rm ly t h e a i r c r a f t of o t h e r S t a t e s from f l y -

i n g ov er c e r t a i n a r e a s o f i t s t e r r i t o r y , provided th%'b

no d i s t i n c t i o n i n t h i s r e sp ec t i s made between t h e

a i r c r a f t of t h e S t a t e whose t e r r i t o r y i s involved,

engaged i n i n t e rn a t i o n a l s ch ed uled a i r l i n e s e rv i ces ,

an d t h e a i r c r a f t of t h e o t h e r c o n tr a c t i n g S t a t e s l i k e -

wise engaged. Such pr oh ib i t ed ar ea s eha l l be ofI

r eason ab le ex t en t and lo c a t i o n so a s n ot t o i n t e r fe re

unnecessar i ly w i t h a i r navigat ion. Descr ip t ions o f

~ such p r o h i bi t e d a r e a s i n t h e t e r r i t o r y o f a co n t rac t -

I i n g S t a t e , as wel l ae any subsequen t a l te ra t ions



r- -

th er ei n , s h a l l be communicated as soon as p o s si b l e t o

t h e o t h e r c o n t r a c t in g S t a t e s a nd t o t h e I n t e r n a t i o n a l

C i v i l A v ia t io n O r gan iza t ion .

( b ) Each c o n t r a c t i n g S t a t e r e s e r v e s a l s o t h e

r i g h t , i n e x c e p t i o na l ci rc um st an ce s o r d u r in g a p e r i o d

of emergency, o r i n t h e i n t e r e s t of p u b l i c s d e t y , and

w i t h immediate e f f e c t , t e mp o ra r il y t o r e s t r i c t o r p ro -

h i b i t f l y i n g o v e r t h e whole o r any p a r t of i t 6 t e r r i -

t o r y , on co n di t i on t h a t s uc h r e s t r i c t i o n o r p r o h i b i t i o n

e h a l l be a p p l i c a b l e w i th o ut d i s t i n c t i o n of n a t i o n a l i t y

t o a i r c r a f t of a l l o t h e r S t a t e s .

( c ) Each co n t r ac t in g S t a t e , u n d e r s uch r eg u la-

t i o n s a8 i t may pre ec r ib e , may re qu ir e any a i r c r a f t

en t e r in g t h e a r e a s con tem pla ted i n s ub pa ragr ap hs ( a )

o r ( b ) ab o v e to e f f ec t a l an d in g as soon a s p r a c t i -

c a bl e t h e r e a f t e r a t some des igna ted a i rpo r t w i th in i t s

t e r r i t o r y .

A r t i c l e10

Landing a t Except i n a cas e where , under the terms of t h i scuetomsa i r p o r t Convention o r a s p e c i a l a u t h or i z a t io n , a i r c r a f t a r e

p er mi t te d t o c r o ss t h e t e r r i t o r y of a c o n t r a c t i n g S t a t e

w it ho ut l a n d i n g, e ve ry a i r c r a f t w hich e n t e r s t h e t e r -

r i t o r y of a c o n t ra c t i n g S t a t e s h a l l , if t h e r e g u l a t i o n s

of t h a t S t a t e so r e q u i r e , l a n d at a n a i r p o r t d e s i g n a t e d

by t h a t S t a t e f o r t h e p ur p os e o f cus to ms an d o th e r

examinat ion. On depa r tur e f rom th e t e r r i t o r y of a

c o n t r a c t i n g S t a t e , s uc h a i r c r a f t e h a l l d ep a rt from a

s i m i l a r l y d e s i gn a t e d c us toms a i r p o r t . P a r t i c u l a r s

of a l l d es ig n a t ed cus to ms a i r p o r t s s h a l l be p u b l i s h ed

f



by t h e S t a t e a nd t r a n s m i t t e d t o t h e I n t e r n a t i o n a l

C i v i l A v i a t i o n O r g a n i z a t i o n e s t a b l i s h e d u nd e r P a r t I1of t h i s C o n v e n t i o n f o r co m m u n ic a ti on t o a l l o t h e r c o n -

t r a c t i n g S t a t e s .

A r t i c l e 11A p p l i c a b i l i t y S u b je c t t o t h e p r o v i s i o n e o f t h i s C o n v e n t i o n , t h eof a i r r e g u -

laws and r e g u l a t i o n s o f a c o n t r a c t i n g S t a t e r e l a t i n g

t o t h e a d m i ss io n t o o r d e p a r t u r e fro m i t s t e r r i t o r y o f

a i r c r a f t e n g a g e d i n i n t e r n a t i o n a l a i r n a v i g a t i o n , o r

t o t h e o p e r a t i o n a nd n a v i g a t i o n o f s u c h a i r c r a f t w h i le

w i t h i n i t s t e r r i t o r y , sha l l b e a p p l i e d t o t h e a i r c r a f t

o f a l l c o n t r a c t i n g S t a te s w i th o u t d i s t i n c t i o n as t o

n a t i o n a l i t y , a n d sha l l b e c o m p l i e d w i t h by such a i r -

c r a f t u 2on e n t e r i n g o r d e p a r t i n g f ro m o r w h i l e w i t h i n

t h e t e r r i t o r y o f t ha t S t a t e .

A r t i c l e 12R u l es o f t h e E ach c o n t r a c t i n g S t a t e u n d e r t a k e s t o a d o p t m eas-

u r e s t o i n s u r e t ha t e v er y a i r c r a f t f l y i n g o v e r o r

m a n e u v e r i n g w i t h i n i t s t e r r i t o r y a n d tha t e v e r y a i r -

c r a f t c a r r y i n g i t s n a t i o n a l i t y m ark , w h e re v er s u c h a i r -

c r a f t may b e , sha l l com ply w i t h t h e r u l e s a nd r e g u l a -

t i o n s r e l a t i n g t o t h e f l i g h t a n d m an eu ve r o f a i r c r a f t

t h e r e i n f o r c e . E ac h c o n t r a c t i n g S t a t e u n d e r t a k e s t o

k e e p i t s own r e g u l a t i o n s i n t h e s e r e s p e c t s un if or m , t o

t h e g r e a t e s t p o e s i b l e e x t e n t , w i t h t h o e e e s t a b l i s h e d

from t i m e t o t i m e u n d e r t h i s C o n v e n t i o n. O v e r t h e

h i g h s e a s , t h e r u l e s i n f o r c e sha l l b e t h o s e e s t a b -

l i s h e d u n de r t h i s C o n ve nt io n . E ach c o n t r a c t i n g S t a t e



-

unde r t akes t o i nsu re t heproaecu t i on o f all pe r sons

v i o l a t i n g t h e r e g u l a t i o n s a p p l i c ab l e .

A r t i c l e 13

Entry and The laws and r egu l a t i ons o f a c o n t r a c t i n g S t a t e

c l ea rance

r eg ul at io ns a s t o t h e a d m i s s i o n t o o r d e p a r t u r e f r o m i t e t e r r i -

t o ry o f pa ssenger s , crew o r cargo o f a i r c r a f t , such

as r e g u l a t i o n s r e l a t i n g t o e n t r y , c l e a r an c e , immigra-

t i on , passp or t s , cus toms, and quaran t ine s h a l l be

1

complied w i t h by o r on behal f of such passe ngers ,

crew o r ca rgo upon ent ra.nce in t o o r d epar tur e f rom,

o r w hi le w i t hi n t h e t e r r i t o r y of t h a t S t a t e .

A r t i c l e 14-- -P r e v en t i o n o f Each c o n t r a c t i n g S t a t e a g r e es t o t a k e e f f e c t i v espread ofd i sea s e measure s t o p reven t t h e sp read by meons of a i r naviga-

t i o n of cho le r a , typhus (epidemic) , smallpox, ye l low

fe ve r , plague, and such o t h er communicable d is ea se s

as t h e c o n t r a c t i n g S t a t e s s h a l l f rom t ime to t ime

dec i de t o de s i gna t e , and t o t h a t end con t r ac t i ng

States w i l l k ee p i n c l o s e c o n s u l t a t i o n w i t h t h e agen-

c ies concerned w i t h i n t e r n a t i o n a l r e g u l at i o n s r e l a t -

i n g t o s a n i t a r y measures a p p l i c ab l e t o a i r c r a f t .

Such consu l t a t i on shal l be wi t hou t p r e j ud i ce t o t h e

a p p l i c a t i o n of any e x i s t i n g i n t e r n a t i o n a l oonvent i o n

on t h i s s u b j e c t t o w hich t h e c o n t r a c t i n g S t a t e s may

b e p a r t i e s .

A r t i c l e 15

Ai rpor t and Every a i rp or t i n a c o n t r a c t i n g S t &: t ewhich i s

s i m i l a rcharges open t o pu bl i c use by i t s n a t i o n al a i r c r a f t s h a l l

l i k e w i se , s u b j e c t t o t h e p r o v i s io n s of A r t i c l e 68 ,

1



be open under uniform condit ions to the aircraf t of

a l l th e o the r con t r ac t ing S ta te s . The l i k e uni fo rm

cond i t ions sh a l l app ly t o the use, by a i r c ra f t o f

every cont rac t ing St a te , of a l l a i r n a v i g a t i o n f a c i l -

i t es , inc lud ing rad io and meteoro logical serv ices ,

which may be p rov ided f o r pub l i c u se f o r the sa fe ty

end expedit ion of a i r navigat ion .

Any cha rge s t h a t may be imposed o r perm it te d t o

be imposed by a c o n t r a c ti n g S t a t e f o r t h e u se of suc h

a i r p o r t s and a i r n av ig at io n f a c i l i t i e s by t h e a i r c r a f t

of any o the r con t r ac t ing S t a t e sh a l l no t be h igher ,

( a ) A s t o a i r c r a f t no t engaged i n sched-

u l e d i n t e r n a t i o n a l a i r se r v i c e s , t h a n t h o se t h a t

would be paid by i t s n a t i o n a l a i r c r a f t of t h e

same cl a. ss engaged i n similar opera t ions , and

( b ) A s t o a i r c r a f t engaged i n scheduled

i n t e r n a t i o n a l a i r eerv icee , than those t ha t would

be paid by i t s na t i ona l a i r c r a f t engaged i n aim-

i l a r i n t e r n at i o n a l a i r s e r v ic e s.

A l l such charges shal l be published and communicated

to the In t e rn a t i ona l C iv i l Aviat ion Organ iza t ion :

provided th a t , upon represen ta t i on by an in te re s t ed

cont rac t i ng St a t e , th e charges imposed f o r the use of

a i r p o r t s and ot h e r f a c i l i t i e s s h a l l be s ub je ct t o

review by the Council, which sha l l report and make

recommendations thereon f o r th e c onsi derat ion of th e

S t a t e o r S t a t e s concerned. No f e e s , d ue s o r o t h e r

charges sha l l be imposed by any con tr ac ti ng S t a t e i n

r e spe c t so l e l y of t h e r i g h t of t r a n s i t o v er o r e nt r y



i n t o o r e x i t from i t s t e r r i t o r y of any a i r c r a f t of a

c o n t r a ct i n g S t a t e o r p er son s o r p r op e rt y t h er e on .

A r t i c l e 1 6-The app rop ria te au th or i t ie s of each of t he con-

t r a c t i n g S t a t e s sh a l l have t h e r i g h t , w it ho ut u nr ea -

sonable de lay , t o -a rch a i rc r a f t of th e o th er con-

t r a c t i n g S t a t e s on l a nd in g o r d e p ar t ur e , and t o

inspect the cer t i f ica tes and o ther documents p re-

scr ibe d by t h i o convention.

CHAPTER I11

NATIONALITY OF AIRCRAFT

A r t i c l e

A i r c r a f t h ave t h e n a t i o n a l i t y of t h e S t a t e I n

which they a re reg is te red .

A r t i c l e 18

An a i r c ra f t canno t be va l id l y r e g i s t e r ed i n more

than one St a t e , but i t s r e g i s t r a t i o n may be changed

f ro= one S ta te t o another .

A r t i c l e 19

The r e g i s t r a t i o n o r t r a n s f e r of r e g i s t r a t i o n o f

a i r c r a f t i n any contr ac t in g St a t e s ha l l be made i n

accordance w i t h i t s l a w s and regula t ions .

A r t i o l e 20

Every a i r e r a f t engaged in i n te rna t io na l a i r

n a v ig a t io n e h a l l b e ar i t s a p p r o p ri a t e n a t i o n a l i t y a nd

reg i s t r a t on marks .



A r t i c l e 21

Repor t of Each con t ra c t i ng S ta t e under takes t o supply t or e g i s t r a -t i o n s any o t h e r c o n tr a ct i n g S t a t e o r t o t h e I n t e r n ~ . t i o n a l

C i v i l Avi at io n Org aniz at io n, on demand, info rmati on IIconcerning th e re g i s t r a t i o n and ov.mership of any Hp a r t i c u l a r a i r c r a f t re g i s t er e d i n t h a t S t a t e . I n ad-

d i t o n , each c on t r ac t i ng S t a t e s h a l l f u r n i s h r e p o r ts

to the In te rna t iona l Civi l Avia t ion Orga .n lza . t lon , und-er )

s uc h r e g u l a t i o n s a s t h e l a t t e r may p r e s c r i b e , g i v i n g Is uc h p e r t i n e n t d a t a as can be made available concern- 11i n g t h e o wn er sh ip and c o n t r o l of a i r c r a f t r e g i e t e r e d

i n t h a t S t a t e and h a b i t u a l l y engaged i n i n t e r n a t i o n a l

a i r n a v ig a ti o n. The da t a t hus ob t a i ned by t he I n t e r -

na t i on a l C i v i l Av i at i on Organ i za t i on s h a l l be made

ava i l a b l e by i t on re q u es t t o t h e o t h e r c o n t r a c t i n g AS t a t e s .

I/

CHAPTER I V

MEASURES TO FACILITATE AIR NAVIGATION

A r t i c l e 22

F a c i l i t a t i o n Each c o n t r a c t i n g S t a t e a g r ee s t o a do pt a l l p r ac -o f f o m a l i -t i e s t i c a b l e measure s, t h rough t h e i s suance of epec i a l

r e g ul a t io n 8 o r o th er wi se , t o f a c i l i t a t e and ex p e di t e

nav i ga t i on by a i r c r a f t between t h e t e r r i t o r i e s of

c o n t r a c t i n g S t a tee , and t o prevent unnecessary de lay s

to a i r c r a f t , c rews, passengere and cargo, esp ec i a l l y i n

t h e admi n is t r e. t i on of t h e laws r e la t i n g t o irnmlgra-

t io n , quar ant in e, cuetoms and clear ance.

A r t i c l e -3

Cu~toms nd Each con t ra c t i ng S t a t e under takee , 80 far a s i t

immigrationprocedure8 may f i n d pr ac t i ca bl e , t o es ta bl i e h cus tome and



immigrat ion procedures ~ f fc t i n g i n t e r n a t i o n a l a i r

n av ig a t io n i n acco rd ance w i t h t h e p ra c t i c es which may

be e s t ab l i sh ed o r recommended from t ime t o t ime, pur-

s u a n t t o t h i s Convention. Nothing i n t h i s Convention

s h e l l b e co n s t ru ed as p rev en t in g t h e e s t ab l i sh men t o f

cus to ms-f r e e a i rp o r t s.

A r t i c l e 24customs ( a ) A i r c r a f t o n a f l i g h t t o , from, o r ac r os sduty

t h e t e r r i t o r y of a no th er c on t r a c t in g S t a t e e h a l l b e

a d mi t t ed te m p o r ar i l y f r e e o f d u t y, s u b j e c t t o t h e

customs r e g u l a t i o n s o f t h e S t a t e . F u e l, l u b r i c a t i n g

o i l s , s pa re p a r t s , regu1a.r equipment and a i r c r a f t

s t o r e8 on b o a rd an P - i r c r a f t o f a c o n t r ac t i n g S t a t e ,

on a r r i v a l i n t h e t e r r i t o r y of a no th er c o n t r ac t in g

S t a t e and r e t a i n e d on bo ar d on l e a vi n g t h e t e r r i t o r y

of tha t S t a t e s h a l l be e x e ~ p t rom customs duty,

i n sp e c ti o n f e e s o r s imi la r n a t i on a l o r l o c a l d u t i e s

and cha-rges. This exemption s h a l l n o t ap ply t o any

q u a n t i t i e s o r a r t i c l e s u nl oa de d, e xc ep t i n ac co rd an ce

wi th t h e cus to ms reg u la t io n s o f t h e S t a t e , which may

r e q u i r e t ha t t h ey s h a l l be kept under customs super-

v i s i o n .

( b ) Spare par t s and equipment imported i n t o t h e

t e r r i t o r y of a c o n t ra c t i n g S t a t e f o r i n co r po r a ti o n i n

o r u s e on m a i r c r a f t of a n ot h er c o n t r ac t i n g S t a t e

engaged i n i n t e r n a t i o n a l a i r n av ig a t io n s h d l be

admi t t ed f r e e of cus tome du ty , sub j ec t t o compliance

w i t h t h e r e g u l a t i o n s of t h e S t a t e c on ce rn ed , w hi ch

may provide t h a t t h e a r t i c l e s sha l l be kept under

cus toms supe rv i s io n and con t r o l .

4



A r t i c l e -5Airc ra f t i n Each cont rac t ing S t a t e undertake8 t o provide such

measures of a s s i s t a n c e t o a i r c r a f t i n d i s t r e s s I n i t s

t e r r i t o r y a8 i t may f i nd prac t i cab le , and t o permit ,

sub je c t t o c on t ro l by i t s own au th or it ie s, t h e owners

of t h e a i r c r a f t o r a u t h o r i t i e s of t h e S t a t e i n which

the a i r c r a f t i s r e g i s t e r e d to p rovide such measu res

of a s s i s t m c e a s may be ne ce es it at ed by t he circum-

sta nces . Each amtr act i n g S tate, when undertaking

s ea rc h f o r mi s si ng a i r c r a f t , w i l l c o l l a b o r a t e i n

co or dl na t ed measure8 which may be recommended from

time to t ime pureuant t o t h i s Convention.

A r t i c l e 26

Invee t iga t ion In th e event of an acc ident to an a i r c r a f t o f ao f accident8

c o n t ra c t i ng S t a t e o cc u rr i ng i n t h e t e r r i t o r y of an-

o t her cont rac t i ng S ta te , and involving dea th o r se r ious

i n ju r y, o r i n d i c ~ t i n g e ri ou e te ch ni ca l d ef ec t i n t h e

a i r c r a f t o r a i r n av ig at io n f a c i l i t i e s , t h e S t a t e i n

which t h e ~ c c i d e n t cc ur 8 w i l l i n s t i t u t e an inqui ry

in to t he c ircumstances of th e accident , In accordance,

s o f a r as i t 8 laws permit, w i t h the procedure which

m a y be recommended by t h e In te rn at io na l Ci vi l Avia tio n

Organization. The S t a t e i n which th e a i r c r a f t i s

r e g i s t e r e d s h a l l be given the oppor tuni ty t o appoint

observer8 t o be preeent a t t he inqu i ry a nd the S ta t e

hold ing the inqui ry s h a l l communicate the report and

f i n d i ng s i n t h e ma t t e r t o t h a t Sta te .



A r t i c l e -7

(a) While engaged i n in te rn a t io na l a i r naviga-

t i o n , any a u t h o r i z ed e n t r y of a i r c r a f t o f a con t r ac t -

i n g S t a t e i n t o t h e t e r r i t o r y of a n ot h er c o n t r a ct i n g

S t a t e o r a u t ho r iz ed t r a n s i t a cr os s t h e t e r r i t o r y of

s uc h S t a t e w i t h o r wi th ou t l a n di n g s s h a l l n o t e n t a i l

any e e i z u r e o r d e t en t i o n of t h e a i r c r a f t o r any

c l ai m aga i ns t t h e ormer o r ope ra t o r t he reof o r any

ot he r in t e r f e re nc e there wi th by or on behal f of such

S t a t e o r any pe r son t h e re i n , on t he ground t h a t t h e

cone t ruc t ion , mechanism, p ar t s , acc ess or i es o r opera-

t i o n of t h e a i r c r a f t i s a n infr ingement of any patent ,

d e s ig n , o r model d u ly g r a n t e d o r r e g i s t e r e d i n t h e

S t a t e whoee t e r r i t o r y i s en t e red by t h e a i r c r a f t , i t

be ing agreed t h a t no depos i t o f sec ur i t y i n connect i on

wi t h th e foregoing exemption f rom se iz ur e o r de ten-

t i o n of t h e a i r c r a f t e h a l l i n any c as e be re q u ir e d i n

t h e S t a t e e n t e r e d by s uc h a i r c r a f t .

(b ) The pro vis ion s of paragraph (a) o f t h i s

A r t i c l e s h a l l a l s o be a p p l i c a b l e t o t h e e to r ag e of

s p a re p a r t s and epare equipment f o r t he a i r c r a f t and

t h e r i g h t t o u s e and i n s t a l l t h e same i n t h e r e p a i r

of an a i r c r a f t of a c o nt ra ct in g S t a t e i n t h e t e r r i -

t o r y of any o t he r con t r ac t i n g S t a t e , p rov i ded t h a t

any pat ent ed p a r t o r equipment so s t or ed s h a l l not be

s o l d o r d i s t r i b u t e d i n t e r n a l l y i n o r e x p or te d commer-

c i a l l y from t h e c o n t r a c t i n g S t a t e e n te r e d by t h e

a i r c r a f t .



( c ) The benef i t e of t h i e Ar t i c l e s ha l l app ly

only to such S ta te s , pa r t i e e t o t h i e Convention, a6

e i t h e r (1) a r e p ~ r t i e e o the Internat ional Convention

f o r t h e P r o te c t io n of I n d u s t r i ~ l r op er ty a nd t o any

amendments th er eo f; o r ( 2 ) have enacted pa te nt lawe

which recognize and give adequate protect ion to

invent ions made by t he na t i ona le of th e o th er St a t es

pa r t i e s to th ie Conven t ion .

A r t i c l e 28

A i r navigat ion Each con tra ct i ng S ta te undertakee, so f a r asf a c i l i t i e e2nd standard i t may f i nd pr ac t i ca bl e, to :

( a ) Provide , i n i t s t e r r i t o r y , a i r p o r t s ,

r a d io s e r v i c e s , m e t eo ro l og i ca l s e r vi c e 8 a d

o t h e r a i r navigat ion f a c i l i t i e s t o f a c i l i t a t e

i n t e r n a t i o n a l a i r navigat ion, i n accordance

w i t h the standards and practicee recommended

o r eetabl le hed from t ime t o t ime, pureuant t o

t h i s Convention;

( b ) Adopt and put i n t o opera tio n th e ap-

propriate standard systems of communications

procedure, codee, markings, s ig nal e, l ig ht in g

and o t he r opera t i onal p rac t ic ee and ru l es which

may be recommended o r ee ta bl i eh ed from time t o

t ime, pureuant t o t h i s Convention;

( c ) Co l labo ra te i n in te r na t ion a l meae-

uree t o secure the publ ica t ion of aeronaut ica l

mapa and ch a rt s i n accordm ce with e tandarde

which m a y be recommended o r e s t a b l i s h e d from

time t o t ime, pursuant t o t h i e Convention.



'(I

(b) Radio t ra ne mi tt in g appar atue may be ueed

onl y by membere of t h e f l i g h t crew who a r e pr ov ide d

t h e a p p ro p r i at e a u t h o r i t i e s o f t h e S t a t e i n which

t h e a i r c r a f t i e r eg i st er e d.

A r t i c l e 2Cert if c a t e a Every a i r c r a f t engaged i n i n t e rn a t i on a l nav iga-o f a i rw or t h i -

t i on sh a l l be p rov i de d w i t h a c e r t i f i c a t e of air-

w or th i ne ss i s sue d o r r endere d va l i d by t h e S t a t e i n

which i t i s r e g i s t e r e d .

A r t i c l e 32

(a) The p i l o t of e ve ry a i r c r a f t and t he o t he r

membere of t he o pe rat ing crew of every ai r c r a f t

engaged i n i n t e r n a t l o n a l n a v ig a t io n e h a l l be provided

w i t h ce r t i f i ca te 8 of conpe tency and l i c ens ee i eeued

o r r e nd er ed v a l i d by t h e S t a t e i n which t h e a i r c r a f t

i s r e g i s t e r e d .

( b ) Each c on t r a c t i n g S t a t e r e se rve 8 t he r i g h t

t o r e f u s e t o r e co gn iz e, f o r t h e p ur po se o f f l i g h t

above i t s own te r r i t o ry , c e r t i f i c a t e s o f competency

and l i c e n se s g r a n t e d t o any o f i t 8 n a t i o n a l e by

a no t he r c on t r a c t i ng S t a t e .

A r t i c l e 33

C e r t i f i c a t e s of a i r wo r t hi n e ss and c e r t i f i c a t e s

of competency and l i c e n s e s i s s u e d o r r e nd e re d valid

by t h e c o n t r a c t i n g S t a t e i n which t h e a i r c r a f t i e

r e g i s t e r e d , sh a l l be r e cogni z ed a8 va l i d by t he

o t h e r c on t r a c t i ng S t a t e e , p rovi ded that t h e



n

r e qu ir e me n ts u nd er w hich s uc h c e r t i f i c a t e s o r l i c e n s e s

were i s s u e d o r r en de r ed v a l i d a r e e q ua l t o o r a bove

t h e minimum e tan dar de which may be e s t a bl i s he d from

t i m e t o t im e p u r s u an t t o t h i s Convention.

A r t i c l e 34-- -Journey There s h a l l b e ma in t a ined i n r e sp ec t of eve rylo g books

a i r c r a f t engaged i n i n t e r n a t i o n a l n a v i ga t io n a jour-

ney l o g book i n which s h a l l b e e nt e r e d p a r t i c u l a r s o f

t h e a i r c r a f t , i t s crew and of each Journey, i n such

form as may be pr es cr ib ed from t ime t o t ime pur sua nt

t o t h i s Convention.

A r t i c l e 35

Cargo ( a ) No mun i ti on e of w a r o r implements of w a r mayr e e t r i c t i o n s

be c a r r i e d i n o r above t h e t e r r i t o r y of a S t a t e i n

a i r c r a f t engaged i n i n t e r n a t i o n a l n av i ga t i on , e xc ep t

by permiss ion o f such S t a t e . Each S t a t e s h a l l d e t e r -

mine by regulat ions what c o n s t i t u t e s m un i ti o ns of w a r

o r implements of w a r f o r t h e p u rp os es o f t h i s A r t i c l e ,

g i v i n g d ue c o n s i d e r a t i o n , f o r t h e p u rp o se s of u n i-

fo rmi ty , t o su ch recommendations as t h e I n t e r n a t i o n a l

C i vi l Aviat io n Organiza t ion may from t im e t o t ime

make.

(b) Each c o n t r a c t i n g S t a t e r e s e r v e s t h e r i g h t ,

f o r r ea so ns of p u b l i c - o r d e r a nd e a f et y , t o r e g u l a t e

o r p r o h i bi t t h e c a r r i ag e i n o r above i t s t e r r i t o r y

of a r t i c l e s o t h e r th an t h o se enumerated i n p a r ~ g r a p h

( a ): prov ided t h a t n o d i s t i n c t i o n i s made i n t h i s

r e e p e c t between i t e n a t i o n a l a i r c r a f t engaged i n

i n t e r n a t i o n a l n a vi g at i on an d t h e a i r c r a f t of t h e



.

ot he r S t z t es so engaged; and provided fu r t he r th a t

no re s t r i c t i o n s h a l l be imposed which may i n t e r f e r e

wi th t he ca r r i age and use on a i rc r a f t o f appa ratus

neces sa ry f o r t he ope ra t ion o r nav iga tion of t he a i r -

c r a f t o r t h e s a f e t y o f t h e p e rs on n el o r p as se ng er s.

A r t i c l e 36

Each cont ra c t in g S t a t e may pro hi b i t o r regu la t e

the use of photographic appa ra tus i n a i r c r a f t ove r

i t e t e r r i t o ry .

CHAPTER VI

INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS AND RECOMMENDED PEACTICES

A r t i c l e 37

Each con t rac t i ng S t a t e unde rt akes t o co l l abor a t ei n t e r n a t i o n a l

formi ty i n regula t io ne , s tandards , procedures , and

o r ga n iz a ti o n i n r e l a t i o n t o a i r c r a f t , p er so nn el , a i r -

ways and a u x i l i a r y s e r v ic e s i n a l l m a tt e r s i n which

such un iformity w i l l f a c i l i t a t e and improve a i r

naviga t ion .

To t h i s end t h e I n t e r n a t i o n a l C i v i l A v ia ti on

Orga nization s h a l l adopt and amend from time to t ime,

as may be necess ary, int ern ati on al. sta nd ar ds and r e c -

ommended practices and procedures dealing with:

( a ) Communications systems and e.ir naviga-

t ion a ids , inc luding ground marking;

( b ) C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s of a i r p o r t s and l a n d -

ing a rea s ;

( c ) R ul es of t h e a i r and a i r t r a f f i c

c o n t r o l p r a c t i c e e ;



I* .*

( d ) Licens ing of op er ati ng and mechanical

pereonnel;

( e ) Ai rwor th ine s s of a l r c ra f t ;

( f ) R e g i s t r a t i o n and i d e n t i f i c a t i o n of

a i r c r a f t ;

(g) Collection and exchange of meteoro-

logica l Informat ion;

( h ) Log booke;

( i ) Aeronautical maps and c h a r t s ;

(j) Customs and immigration procedures;

( k ) A i r c r a f t i n d i s t r e e s and i n v e s t i g a t i o n

of acc idents ;

and euch o th er mat te rs concerned wi th t he sa fe ty ,

regu la r i t y , and e f f i c i enc y of a i r naviga t ion as may

from t ime to t ime appear appropria te .

A r t i c l e 38

Departures Any St a t e which f i nd s i t impractica.ble to complyfrom inter-

na t ion81 i n a l l re spec t8 wi th any such in t e r na t ion a l s t anda rds t anda rdsand p roce - o r .p rocedure , o r t o b r ing i t 6 own re gu la ti on s o rdures

p r a c t i c e e i n t o f u l l a cco rd w i t h any in t e rna t iona l

e tandard o r procedure a f t e r amendment of th e l a t t e r ,

o r which deems i t neceeeary to adopt regul a t io ns o r

p r a c t i c e e d i f f e r i n g i n any p a r t i c u l a r r e s p e ct from

those ee t ab l i she d by an in t e rna t io na l s t anda rd , sh a l l

g i v e immediate n o t i f i c a t i o n t o t h e I n t e r n a t i o n a l C i v i l

A v i ~ t i o nOrganizat ion of th e dif fer en ces between i t s

own p ra c t i c e and tha t e e t ab l i sh ed by the i n t e rn a t i on a l

s tandard . I n th e case of amendments t o in te rn a t io na l

stan dar ds, any S t a t e which does not make th e

P



Y

A r t i o l e 39

Endorsement ( a ) Any a i r c r a f t o r pa r t thereof w i t h respect

o f c e r t i f i -to which the re ex i s t s an in te rna t iona l s t andard o f

airw orthi ness o r perforrnanoe, and which f a i l e d i n any

r e s pe c t t o s a t i s f y t h a t s ta nd ar d a t the t ime of i t s

ce r t i f i c a t io n , sh a l l have endor sed on o r a t t ached

t o i t s a i rw or th in es s c e r t i f i c a t e a complete enumera-

t i on of the d e t a i l s i n re speo t of which i t s o f a i l e d .

(b ) Any per so n ho ld in g a l i c e n s e who does not

s a t i s f y i n f u l l t h e c o n di t io ns l a i d down i n t h e i n t e r -

n a t io n a l s t an d ar d r e l a t i n g t o t h e c l a s s of l i c e n s e

o r c e r t i f i c a t e which he h o ld s s h a l l have endorsed on

o r a t ta ched t o h i s l ic en se a comple te enumera tion of

the pa r t i c u l a r s i n which he does not sa t i s f y such

condit ions.

A r t i c l e 40

No a i r c r a f t o r p er so nn el h aving c e r t i f i c a t e s o r

c e r t i f i c a t e s l i c e n s e s so e nd or se d sh a l l p a r t i c i p a t e i n i n t e r n a -and l icenses

t iona l nav iga t ion , except with th e permission of th e

S t a t e o r S t a t e s whose t e r r i t o r y i s entered. The

7

app rop ria te amendments t o i t s own regu la ti on s o r prac-

t i c e s shal l g ive no t i ce t o t he Counci l wi thin s ix ty

days of t h e adoption of t h e amendment t o th e in te rn a-

t i on a l s t andard, o r ind ica te the ac t ion which i t

proposes t o take . I n any such case, t he Council

s h a l l make immediate not if c a t i o n t o a l l o t h e r s t a t e s

of t he di ff er en ce which e x i s t s between one o r more

f e a t u r e s o f an in te rna t iona l s t andard and the co r -

r espond ing na t io na l p rac t i ce o f th a t S ta t e .



r e g i s t r a t i o n o r u s e of any s u ch a i r c r a f t , o r of any

c e r t i f ' i c a te d a i r c r a f t p a r t , i n any S t a t e o th e r th an

t h a t i n which i t was o r i g i na l l y c e r t i f i c a t e d s h a l l

be a t t h e d i s c r e t i o n of t h e S t a t e i n t o w hich t h e a i r -

c r a f t o r p a r t i s imported.

A r t i c l e 41Reco gn i t io n The p ro v i s io n s o f t h i s Ch ap ter s h a l l not app lyof e x i s t i n g~ t a n d - a r d s t o a i r c r a f t a nd a i r c r a f t equipment of t y p e s of w hi chof a i r w o r t h i -n e s s t h e p r o to t y pe i s s ub mi tt ed t o t h e a p p r o p r i a t e n a t i o n a l

a u t ho r i t i e s f o r c e r t i f i c a t i o n p r i o r t o a d a t e t h r e e

y e a r s a f t e r t h e d a t e of a do pt io n of an i n t e r n a t i o n a l

s t an d a rd o f a i rw o r th i n es s f o r su ch equ ip ment .

A r t i c l e -2Recogni t ion The p r o v i s i o n s o f t h i s C h ap te r s h a l l not app lyo f e x i s t i n gs t an d a rd s of t o p er s on n el whose l i c e n s e s a r e o r i g i n a l l y i s s u e dcompetencyof p erso n n e l p r i o r t o a d a t e one y e a r a f t e r i n i t i a . 1 a do pt io n o f

a n i n t e r n a t i o n a l s t a nd a r d o f q u e l i f i c a t i o n f o r s uc h

personnel ; bu t tney s h a l l i n any c as e ~ p p l y o a l l

p e r so n n el whose l i c e n s e s r e ma in v a l i d f i v e y e a r s a f t e r

t h e da t e o f ad op t ion o f such s tandard.

PART 11. THE INTEPdATIONAL CIVIL AVIATIOJ ORGANIZATION-

CHAPTER VIITHE ORGANIZATION

A r t i c l e 43

Name and An org' a -n iza t ion t o be named t h e I n t er na t i on alcomposi t ion

C i v i l A v i a ti o n O r g a n i za t i on i s formed by t h e Conven-

t i o n . I t i s made up of an Assembly, a Council , and

s uc h o t h e r b o d i e s as may be nec es sa ry .



A r t i c l e 44

The aims and ob jec t iv es of th e Organiza t ion a re

t o d ev elop t h e p r i n c i p l e s and. t echniques of i n t e r -

n a t i o n a l a i r naviga t ion tins- t o f o s t e r t h e p la nn in g

and development of i n t e r na t ion a l a i r t r an spo r t so a s

( a ) Insure the sa fe and order ly growth of

i n t e rna t on& c i v i l av i a t i o n throughou t t h e

( b ) Encourage th e a r t s of a i r c r a f t de s ign

and opera t io n f o r peacefu l purposee;

( c ) Encourage t h e development of airw ays ,

a i r p o r t s , and a i r n av ig at io n f a c l l i t i e s f o r

I n t e r n a t i o n a l c i v i l a v i s t i o n ;

( d ) Meet t h e needs of t h e peo ples of th e

w or ld f o r s a f e , r e g u l a r , e f f i c i e n t and economical

a i r t r a n s p o r t ;

( e ) Pr ev en t economic waete ca.used by un-

reasonable conpe t i t ion ;

( f ) I n su r e t h a t t h e r i g h t s of c o nt r ac t in g

S ta t ee a r e fu l l y r e spec t ed end th a t every con-

t r a c t i n g S t a t e ha s a f a i r o pp o rt un it y t o o p e r at e

i n t e r n a t i o n a l a i r l i n e s ;

(g ) Avoid di sc ri ni na t i on between con trac t-

i n g S t a t e s ;

( h ) Promote sa fe ty o f f l i g h t i n i n t e rna -

t i o n a l ~ i raviga t ion;

( i ) Promote ge ne ra ll y t h e development of

a l l a s p e c t s of i n t e r n a t i o n a l c i v i l a er on au t i c s .



Permanents e a t

F i r s t meet-t i n g ofAssembly

Legalcapaci ty

Meetings ofAssembly

1 and vot ingI

A r t i c l e 45

The permanent se at of t h e Orga nizat ion s h a l l be

a t such p lace ae sha l l be determined a t t h e f i n a l

nee t in g of t he In t er i m Assembly of th e Provis i onal

In t e rn a t i o n a l C iv i l Av iat ion Organizat io n s e t up by

the Inter im Agreement on Internat ional Civi l Aviat ion

signed a t Chicago on December 7, 1944. The s ea t may

be t emporarily tr an sf er re d elsewhere by decis ion of

the Counci l .

A r t i c l e 46

The f i r s t meeting of t h e Assembly s h a l l be sum-

moned by t h e In te r im Co unci l of t h e above-mentioned

Prov i s ional Organ iza t ion as soon as the Convention has

come i n t o fo rc e, t o meet a t a time and p l a c e t o b e

decided by t h e In ter im Council .

A r t i c l e 47The Organization s h a l l enjoy i n t h e t e r r i t o r y

of each con t r ac t in g S ta te such le ga l capaci ty as may

be necessary f o r t he performance of i t s funct ions .

Fu l l Ju r id i c a l p e rao n a l i t y sh a l l be g ran ted whereve r

compat ib le wi th the cons t i tu t ion m d laws of t h e S t a t e

concerned.

CHAPTER VIII

THE ASSEMBLY

A r t i c l e -8

(a) The Assembly s h a l l meet annually and shall

be convened by the Council a t a su i t a b l e t ime and

p lace . Ex tr ao rd in ar y meetin gs of t h e Assembly may



be held a t any t ime upon t he c a l l of th e Council o r

a t t h e r eq u es t of any t e n c o n t r a c t i n g S t a t e s ~ d d r e s s e d

to the Sec re t a ry Gene ra l .

( b ) A l l con t rac t ing S ta t e s sh a l l have an equal

r i gh t t o be rep re sented a t t he meet ings of th e

Assembly and each con t rac t ing S ta te s h a l l be e n t i t l e d

t o one vote . De lega tes repres ent ing cont rac t ing

S t a t e s may be a s s i s t e d by t ec hn ic al ad vi se rs who may

p a r t i c i p a t e i n t h e me eti ng s bu t sh a l l have no vo te .

( c ) A major ity of t h e con t rac t ing S ta t e s i s

requi r ed t o co ns t i tu te a quorum fo r the meet ings of

th e Assembly. Unless other wise provided i n t h i s

Convention, de ci si on s of t h e Assembly s h a l l be tak en

by a m ~ j o r i t y f t h e v ot es c a s t .

A r t i c l e 49

Powers and The powers and d u t i e s of th e Assembly s h a l l bedu t i e s o fAssembly to:

( a ) Elec t 8.t each meeting i t s P r e s i d e n t

a n d o t h e r o f f i c e r s ;

( b ) E l ec t t h e c o n t r ac t i n g S t a t e s t o be

rep rese nted on th e Council , i n accordance wit h

th e pro vis i ons of Chapter I X ;

( c ) Exmine and take appropr ia te ac t ion on

th e re po rt s of th e Council and decide on any mat-

t e r r e fe r re d t o i t by t h e Council;

( d ) Determine i t s own r u l e s of proc edure

and es ta b l is h such subs idia ry commissions a s i t

may cons ide r t o be neces sary o r de s i r ab l e ;



( e ) Vote an annual budget and determine

th e f in an c i a l a r rangements of th e Organiza t ion ,

i n accordance wi th t he pro vis ions of Chapter X I I ;

( f ) Review expenditures and approve the

accounts of t h e Organizat ion;

(g ) Re fe r , a t i t s d i s c r e t i o n , t o th e

Counc il , t o subs id i a ry comis s ion s , o r t o any

ot he r body any ma tte r with in i t s sphere of ac t i on

( h ) Delegate t o t h e Council t h e powers and

a u t h o r i t y n e ce ss ar y o r d e s i r a b l e f o r t h e d i s -

charge of th e dut ie s of th e Organizat ion and

revoke o r modify t he de lega t io ns of au th or i ty a t

m y t im e;

( i) Carry out the app ropr ia te provi s ions

of Chapter X I I I ;

( j) Consider proposa ls f o r t he modi fica -

t i o n o r amendment of th e pro vis i ons of t h i s

Convention and, ifi t

approves of t h e pro pos als ,

recommend them to the contracting States in

accordance w i t h th e pro vis i ons of Chapter XXI ;

(k) Deal with any mat te r wi th in th e sp here

of a c t io n of t he Organ iza t ion no t sp ec i f i c a l ly

ass igned to the Counc i l .

CHAPTER I X

THE COUNCIL

A r t i c l e 50

Composition (a) The Council s h a l l be a permanent body respona n d e l e c t i onof Counci l s i b l e t o th e Assembly. I t s h a l l be composed of twenty

one con tra ct i ng S ta te s e le c t ed by t he Assembly. An



e l e c t i o n sh a l l be he ld a t t h e f i r s t me et ing of t h e

Assembly and t he r e a f t e r every th re e years , and t h e mem -

bers of th e Council so el ec te d sh a l l h ol d of f i c e u n t i l

the next fo l lowing e lec t i on .

(b) I n e lec t i ng the nembers of th e Counci l, th e

Assembly s h a l l give adequate represe n ta t io n t o (1) h e

St at es of chief importance i n a i r t r a n s p o r t ; ( 2 ) the

St at es not o therwise included which make t he la rg es t

c on tr ib ut io n t o t h e pr ov is io n of f a c i l i t i e s f o r i n t e r -

n a t i o n a l c i v i l a i r navigation; and ( 3 ) t h e S t a t e s n ot

other wise i ncl ude d whose desig nat ion w i l l i n su re t ha t

a l l th e major geographic a re as of th e world are repre -

sen ted on t he Council. Any vacancy on t h e Coun cil

s h a l l be f i l l e d by the Assembly as soon ns p o ss ib l e ;

any con t rac t i ng S t a t e so e le c te d to t he Counci l sha l l

h o ld o f f i c e f o r t h e u nexp ired p o r t i o n o f i t s prede-

cessor ' s t e rm of o f f ice .

( c ) No r e p r e s e n t a t i v e of a c o n t r ac t i n g S t a t e on

the Council s h a l l be actively a.ssocia.ted w i t h t h e

o p er a t io n of an i n t e r n a t i o n a l a i r s e r v i c e o r f i na n -

c i a l l y i n t e r e s t e d i n s uch a se rv i ce ,

A r t i c l e 2The Council s ha l l e l e c t i t s Pres id en t fo r a t e r n. of Council

of th r e e ye ar s. He may be re el ec te d. He s h a l l have

no vo te . The Counc il sha l l elect from among i t s mem-

ber s one o r more Vice Pre s i den ts who s ha l l re ta , in t h e i

r ig ht to vote when servi ng as ac t ing Pres id en t . The

Pres ident need not be selected from among the repre-

se nt at iv es of t h e members of t he Council but , if a



r e p r e s e n t a t i v e i s e lec ted , h i s s e a t s h a l l be deemed

vacant and i t sh a l l be f i l l e d by th e S t a t e which h e

represen ted . The du t i es o f the Pres iden t sha l l be

(a.) Convene meetings of the Council, the

A i r T r ~ n s p o r tCommittee, and t h e A i r Navigation

Commission;

( b ) Serve as r ep rese n ta t iv e of t h e

Council; and

( c ) C ~ r r y ut on behalf of t h e Council t he

functions which the Council assigns to him.

A r t i c l e 52

Decisions by t he Council s h a l l requ i re approval

by a majori ty of i t s members. The Co un ci l may de le-

g a t e a u t h o r i t y with r e sp ec t t o any p a r t i c u l a r ma t t e r

t o a committee of i t s members. Decisions of any com-

mi tt ee of t h e Council may be appealed t o t he Council

by any i n t e r e s t e d c o n t r a c t i n g S t a t e .

A r t i c l e 53

Pa rt ic ip at io n Any cont rac t in g St at e may pa rt ic ip at e , wi thoutwithout a

a vote, i n t h e cons ide rat ion by th e Council and by

i t s committees and commiseions of any question which

e s p e c i a l l y a f f e c t s i t s i n t e r es ts . No member of th e

Council she.11 vot e i n t he coneide ration by t he Council

of a dispu te t o which i t i s a p ar ty .

~ r t i c l e 4

The Council shall:

of Council ( a ) Submit an n u d r ep or ts t o t h e Assembly;



F

Assembly and d ischarge the dut ies and obl igat ions

which are l a i d on i t by t h i s Convention;

( c ) De te rm ine i t s o r g an iza t io n and r u l e s

of procedure;

(d ) Appoint and def i ne th e du t i es of an

A i r Tra nspo rt Committee, which s h a l l be chosen

from among t h e rep re se nt at iv es of t h e members of

th e Counc il , and which sh a l l be r espons ib l e t o i t ;

( e ) E s t a b l i e h an A i r Navigation Commission,

i n acco rdance wi th th e p rov is ions o f Chap te r X;

( f ) Administer the f i nan ce s of th e Organi-

za t io n i n accor dance w i th t h e p r o v i s io n s of

Chapters X I 1 and XV;

(g) Determine th e emoluments of th e Pr e si -

dent of t h e Council ;

(h) Appoint a ch ie f execu t ive o f f i c e r who

s h a l l b e c a l l e d t h e S e c r et a r y G e ne ra l, and make

prov is ion f o r the appointment o f such o th er

personnel as may be nec ess ary , i n accordance w i t h

th e p rov i s ion s of Chapte r X I ;

( i ) Reques t, co l l ec t , examine and pub l ieh

information re l a t i n g to th e advancement of a i r

n av iga t io n and th e o p e r a t io n of i n t e r n a t i o n a l

a i r s e r v i ce s , i n c lu d in g in fo r ma t ion ab ou t t h e

cos ts of operEt ion and p a r t i c u l a r s of s u bs i ii i es

p a i d t o a i r l i n e s from p u b l i c fu nd s;

( J ) Rep or t t o c o n t r ac t in g S t a t e s any in -

f r a c t i o n o f t h i s Convention, a s we ll as any f a i l -

ure t o ca r r y out recommendat ions o r deter minat i ons



(k) R e p o rt t o t h e Assem bly a ny i n f r a c t i o n

o f t h i s C o n v e n t i o n w h e r e a c o n t r a c t i n g S t a t e h a s

f a i l e d t o t a k e a p p r o p r i a t e a c t i o n w i t h i n a r e a -

s o n a b l e t i m e a f t e r n o t i c e o f t h e i n f r a c t i o n ;

(1) A do pt, i n a c c o r d a n c e wi t h t h e p r o v i -

s i o n s o f C h a p te r V I o f t h i s C o n ve n ti on , i n t e r n a -

t i o n a l s t a n d a r d s a n d recomm ended p r a c t i c e s ; f o r

c o n v e n i e n ce , d e s i g n a t e th em as A n n ex es t o t h i s

C o n v e n ti o n ; a n d n o t i f y a l l c o n t r a c t i n g S t a t e s of

t h e a c t i o n t ak e n ;

( m ) C o n s id . er r e c o m m e n d a t i o n s o f t h e A i r

N a v i g a t i o n C o mm is si on f o r am end men t o f t h e

A nnexes a n d t a k e a c t i o n i n a c c o r d a n ce with t h e

p r o v i s i o n s o f C h a p te r XX;

( n ) C o ns id er an y m a t t e r r e l a t i n g t o t h e

C o nv en ti on w hic h c o n t r a c t i n g S t a t e r e f e r s

i t .

A r t i c l e 55

T h e C o u n c i l m ay :

P e r m i s s i v e ( a ) W h e r e a p p r o p r i a t e and as e x p e r i e n c ef u n c t i o n so f C o u n c i l m a y show t o be d e s i r a b l e , c r e a t e s u b o r d i n a t e a i r

t r a n s p o r t c o m m is si on s o n a r e g i o n a l o r o t h e r

b a s i s a nd d e f i n e g r o u p s of s t a t e s o r a i r l i n e s

with o r t h r ou g h w h ic h i t m a y d e a l t o f a c i l i t a t e

t h e c a r r y i n g o u t o f t h e aims o f t h i s C o n v e n t i o n ;

( b ) D e l e g a t e t o t h e A i r N av i g a t i o n C o m -

m i s s i on d u t i e s a d d i t i o n a l t o t h o s e s e t f o r t h i n

t h e C o n ve n ti on a n d r e v o k e o r m od ify s u c h d e l e -

g a t i o n s o f a u t h o r i t y a t a n y t i m e ;



( c ) Conduct re se ar ch in t o a l l asp ec t s o f

a i r t r a n s p o r t and a i r navigation which are of

in te rn at io na l importance, communicate th e r e s u l t s

of i t s r e sea rch to t h e co n t rac t in g S ta t e s , and

f a c i l i t a t e the exchange of in formation between

co n t rac t in g S ta t e s on a i r t r a n s p o r t and a i r

navigat ion mat ters ;

( d ) Study any mat ters affect ing the organ-

i za t io n and o p e ra t io n o f i n t e rn a t io n a l a i r

tre.nsport , inc lud ing th e i n te rna t onal ownersh ip

and opera t ion of in t e r na t i ona l a i r serv ices on

t ru n k ro u tes , anc? submit t o t h e Assembly pla.ns

i n r e l a t i o n t he r et o;

( e ) I n v e s t i g a t e , a t th e reques t o f any

con t ra c t ing S ta te , any s i tu a t io n which may ap-

p ea r t o p resen t av oid able o b s t ac l e s t o t h e

development of international a i r navigat ion;

and, a f t e r such in v es t i g a t io n , i s su e su ch

r e p o r t s as may app ea r t o i t d e s i r a b l e .

CHAPTER XTHE AIR NAVIGATION COI4MISSION

A r t i c l e 2Nomination The A i r Navigation Commission s h a l l be composedand appoint-ment of of twelve members ap po in te d by t h e Coun ci l from amongCommission

persona nominated by contract ing States . These

persons sha l l have s u i t ab le qua l i f i ca t i ons and expe-

r i e n c e i n t h e s c i en c e a nd p r a c t i c e o f a e r o n a ut i c s .

The Council sh a l l reque st a l l c o n t r ac t i n g S t a t e s t o

submit nominations. The Pr es id en t of th e A i r Naviga-

t i o n Commission sh a l l be appoint ed by t h e Council.



A r t i c l e 57

Duties of The A i r Navigation Commission shall:Commission

(a) Consider, and recommend t o t h e Counc il

f o r adoption, modifi cations of th e Annexes t o

t h i s Convention;

(b ) Es ta bl is h te ch ni ca l subcommissions on

which any contracting State may be represented,

if i t so de s i r e s ;

( c ) Advise t h e Council concerning th e col-

lec t ion and communicat ion to the contrac t ing

S ta t e s of a l l information which i t considers nec-

essary and use fu l f o r t h e advancement of a i r

navigat ion.

CHAPTER X IPERSONNEL

A r t i c l e 58

Appointment Subj ect t o any r u l e s l a i d down by t h e Assemblyof personnel

a nd t o the p rov i s ions o f t h i s Convention, t h e Council

sha l l det ermi ne t h e method of appointment and. of

terminat ion of appointment , t h e t r a i ni ng , and th e

sa la r i es , a l lowances, and condi t ions of se rv ice of

tn e Secre ta ry General and o t he r personnel of th e

Organization, and may employ o r make use of t he se rv-

i c e s of na t i ona l s o f any c on t r a c t ing S ta t e .

A r t i c l e -9In t e rn a t i ona l The Pres ident of t he Counc il , th e Secre ta ryc ha ra c te r o fpersonnel General , and ot he r personnel sha l l not seek o r rece ive

i n s t r u c t i o n s i n r eg a rd t o t h e d is ch ar ge of t h e i r

r e s pon s i b i l i t i e s from any a u tho r i ty e x te rna l t o the



I Organizat ion. Each con tra c t in g St a t e under takes

Immunitiesand priv-i l e g e s ofpersonnel

Budget andapportion-ment of

expenses

f u l l y t o r e s p e c t t h e i n t e r n a t i o n a l c h a r a ct e r of t h e

r e sp on s i b i l i t i e s of t he per sonne l and no t t o s ee k t o

in fl ue nc e any of i t s n a t i o n a l s i n t h e d is c ha rg e o f

t h e i r responsibilities.

A r t i c l e 60

Each con trac t in g St a t e under takes, so f a r as

poss ib le under i t s cons t i tu t iona l . p rocedure , to a cc a r j

t o the P ree iden t of the Counci l, t h e Secre ta ry

Genera l, and t he ot he r personnel of th e Organizat ion,

th e i inrnunities and pr iv i l eg es which ar e accorded t o

corresponding pe rsonnel o f o t he r pub l i c in te r na t io na l

organ iza t ions . I f a genera l in te rna t iona l agreement

on th e immunit ies and pr iv i l eg es of in te rn at lo na l

c i v i l s e r va nt s i s a r r i v e d a t , the irnmunitiee and

p r i v i l e g e s a c co rded t o t he P re s i de n t , t h e S e cre t a ry

Genera l, and th e oth er personnel of t h e Organizat ion

s h a l l be the immunities and pr iv i l eg es accorded under

tha t genera l in te rna t iona l agreement .

CHAPTER XI1

FINANCE

A r t i c l e 61

The Council s h al l submit t o t h e Assembly an

annual budget, annual statement s of accounts and

es t imates o f a l l r e c e i p t s and expenditures. The

Assembly s h a l l vo te t h e budget with whatever modifi-

c a t i o n i t sees f i t t o p resc r ibe , and, w i t h t h e

exception of assessments under Chapter XV t o S t a t e s

consen t ing the re to , sha l l apport ion the expenses



-

of th e Organizat ion among th e c ontr act ing S ta te s on

the bas i s which i t shall from time t o time determine.

A r t i c l e 62

Suspe nsion The Assembly may suspend t h e vo ti ng power I n t h e

of votingpower Assembly and I n t h e Counc il of m y c o n t r a c t i n g S t a t e

t h a t f a i l s t o d i s sh a rg e wi th in a reasonab le per io d i t s

f i n a n c i a l o b l i g a t i o n s t o t h e O r g an iz a ti on .

A r t i c l e 63

Expenses of Each con t rac t ing S ta te sh a l l bear t he expenses ofde legat ionsand o ther i t s own de le ga ti on t o t h e Assembly and t h e remunera-repre-se nt at iv es t i on , tr av el , and ot he r expenses of any person whom

i t appoints t o serve on th e Counci l , and of i t s

nominees o r r ep re se nt at iv es on any subs idi ary commit-

t e e s o r cornmiesions of th e Organization.

CHAPTER XI11

OTHER INTERNATIONAL ARRANGEMENTS

A r t i c l e 64

Secu r i ty The Org ani zat ion may, w i t h r e sp ec t t o a i r mat t e r sarrange-ment s wi th in i t s competence di r e c t l y a ff ec t i ng world secu-

r i t y , by vote of th e Assembly en te r in t o appropria te

arrangements w i t h any g en era l o rg aniza t ion s e t up by

th e na t ions o f the world t o p reserve peace.

A r t i c l e 65

Arrangements The Council, on beh alf of t he Or ga ni za ti on , mayw i th o t h e ri n t e r - en t e r i n to ag reemen t s wi th o th e r i n t e rn a t io n a l b o d iesn a t i o n a lbo di es f o r t h e maintenance of common se r vi ce s and f o r corn-

mon arra ngeme nts conce rning per son nel and, w ith th e



-

approval of the Assembly, may e n t e r i n t o suzh o t h e r

arrangements ae may f a c i l i t a t e t h e work of t h e

Organizat ion.

A r t i c l e 66

(a ) The Organiza t ion sh a l l a l so car r y out t h e

fun ct i ons p lac ed upon i t by t h e I n t e r n a t i o n a l A i r

Ser vice s Tr an si t Agreenent and by th e In t er na t i on al

A i r Transport Agreement drawn up a t Chicago on

December 7 , 1944, i n accordance with t h e terms and

c o n di t i on s t h e r e i n s e t f o r t h .

(b) Membersof

t h e Assembly and th e Counc il who

have no t accepted the In t ern a t i ona l A i r Serv ices

Tran s i t Agreement o r the In t er na t ion al A i r Transport

Agreement drawn up a t Chicago on December 7, 1944

sh a l l no t have th e r i g h t t o v o te on any ques t ions

re fe rr ed t o t he Aseembly o r Counci l under th e provi-

sio ns of th e re lev ant Agreement.

PART 111. INTERNATIONAL fi TRANSPORT-- - CHAPTER X I V

INFORMATION AND REPORTS

A r t i c l e 67

Each con t ra c t ing S ta te under takes th a t i t s

i n t e r n a t i o n a l a i r l i n e s s h a l l , i n a cc or da nc e w it h r e -

quirements l a i d down by t he Council , f i l e wit h th e

Council t r a f f i c r e p or t s , c o s t s t a t i s t i c s and fi na n-

cial s tatements showing among other things a l l

r ece ip t s an d th e so u rces t h e reo f .



A r t i c l e 68

Designat ion Each cont rac t ing St at e may, subJect t o the pro-of routes

an d a i rp o r t s vis ion s of t h i e Convention, d es ign a t e t h e ro u te t ob e

fo l lowed with in i t s t e r r i t o r y b y any in te rna t iona l

a i r s e r v i c e and th e ai r po r ts which any such se rvi ce

may use.

A r t i c l e 69

Improvement I f the Council i a of t he op in ion tha t t h e a i r -of- ~ i r

n a vi g at i on p o r t s o r o t h e r a i r n av ig at io n f a c i l i t i e s , i nc lu di ngf a c i l i t i e s

radi o and meteorological se rvi ces , of a co n t rac t in g

S t a t e a r e n ot r eason ab ly adequ ate f o r t h e s a fe ,

reg ular , e f f ic ie nt , and economical operat i 3n o f i n t e r -

n a t i o n a l a i r serv ice s , p resen t o r contemplated , the

Council sha.11 consult w i t h t h e S t a t e d i r e c t l y con-

cerned. and o th er S ta tes a f fec ted , w i t h a view t o

f i nd i ng means by which t h e s i t u a t i o n may be remedied,

and m a y make recommendations f o r tha t purpose. No

co n t rac t in g S t a t e sh a l l b e g u i l t y of an i n f r a c t i o n

of t h i s Convention i f i t f a i l 9 t o c a r ry o u t t he se

recommendat ions .

A r t i c l e 3

Financing of A co n t rac t in g S t a t e , i n t h e c i rcumstan ces a r i a -a i r naviga-t i on f a c i l i - ing under the p rov is ions o f Ar t ic le 69, may concludet i e s

en arrangement with th e Counci l fo r g iv ing ef fe ct t o

such recommendations. The St a t e may e l e c t t o be ar

a l l of t he c os ts involved i n any such armngement.



If th e S ta te does not so e l ec t , th e Council may

Provi s ionand main-tenance off a c i l i t i e sby Council

Acquisi t ion

Expenditureand assess-ment offunds

agree, a t t he r eques t of t he S t a t e , t o p rov i de fo r

a l l o r a por t i on of t he cos t s .

A r t i c l e 71I f R con t r ac t i ng S t a t e so r eques t s , t he

Council may ag re e t o pro vid e, man, mai nta in, and

administer any o r a l l of t h e a i ~ o r t s nd o t h e r a i r

n av ig at io n f a c i l i t i e s , including radio and meteoro-

l o g i c a l services, r e q u i r e d i n i t s t e r r i t o r y f o r t h e

saf e, regul ar , ef f i c i en t and economical opera t on

of t he i n t e r n a t i o n ~ l i r s e r v i c e s o f t h e o t h e r

con tra ct i ng Sta te s , and may speci fy ju st and rea-

s on ab le ch ar ge s f o r t h e u s e of t h e f a c i l i t i e s p ro -

vided.

A r t i c l e 72Where l and i s needed f o r f a c i l i t i e s f inanced i n

whole o r i n p a r t by t he Council a t the reques t of

a c o n t r a c t i n g S t a t e , t h a t S t a t e shal l e i t h e r p ro -

v id e t h e l an d i t s e l f , r e t a i ni ng t i t l e i f i t wishes,

o r f a c i l i t a t e t he use of t he l a nd by t h e Counci l on

ju st and reasonable terms and i n accordance with

t h e laws of th e S ta te concerned.

A r t i c l e 73Within the l i m i t of the funds which may be

made available to i t by t h e As~emblyunder Chapter

X I I , th e Counci l may m ~ k e urr ent expendi tures f o r

th e purposes of t h i s Chapter from th e genera l funds

of the Organizat ion. The Council sh a l l a s s e s s t h e



Chapter in previous ly agreed propor t lone over R Pea,-

6 0 n ~ b l e e r io d o f tim e t o t h e c o n t r ac t i n g S t a t e s

c on se nt in g t h e r e t o whose a i r l i n e s u se t h e f a c i l i t i e s .

The Council may a l s o a s s e s s t o B t a t e s t h a t consent

any working funds t ha t a re r e qu i r e d .

A r t i c l e 74

When th e Council , a t t he req des t of a c on t r a c t -a s s i s t a n c eand u t i l i - i n g S t a t e , adv an ces f un ds o r p r ov id e s a i r p o r t s o r

r ev en ue s o t h e r f a c i l i t i e s i n whole o r i n p a r t , t h e a rr an ge -

ment may provide , with the conaent o f th a t Bta te , f o r

t e c hn i c a l a s s i s t a n c e i n t he superv is i on and ope ra t i on

of t h e a i r p o r t s and o t h e r f a c i l i t i e s , and f o r t h e

payment, from t h e revenues deriv ed from the ope ra ti on

of t h e a i r p o r t s and o t h e r f a c i l i t i e s , of t h e op e ra t-

i ng e xpense s o f t h t; a i r po r t s and t he o t he r f a c i l i t i e s ,

and of in te re s t and amor t i za t ion charges .

A r t i c l e 75

A con tra c t in g S ta te may a t any time discharge

any ob l i ga t i on i n t o which i t has entered under

A r t i c l e ?OD and t a k e ov er a i r p o r t s and o t he r f a c i i -

i t i e s which t he Counc il has provided i n i t s t e r r i -

t o ry pur sua nt t o t he p rov i s i ons of Ar t i c l e s 71 and

72, by paying t o t h e Council an emount which i n t h e

opinion of t h e Council i s reasonable i n th e circum-

s tances . If t h e S t a t e c o n s i de r s t h a t the amgunt

Tixed by the Council i s unreasona,ble i t may appeal

t o t he Assembly aga ins t t he d ecis io n of th e Council



lip i)

and th e Aesembly may oonf irm o r amend t h e d ec i s i on

of t h e Council.

A r t i c l e 3

Return Funds obt ai ne d by t h e Council thro ugh reim-of

funds bursement under Article 75 and from re ce ip ts o f

i n t e r e s t and amort izat ion payments under Ar t i cl e 74s h a l l , i n th e caee of advances o r ig in a l ly f inanced

by St a t es under Ar t i c l e 73, be re tu rn ed to t h e

St a t es which were o r ig in a l ly aeseseed i n th e propor-

t i on of t h e i r assessments , as determined by t he

Council.

CHAPTER XVI

J O I N T OPERATING ORGANIZATIONS AND POOLED SERVICES

A r t i c l e 77

Nothing i n t h i s Convention s h a l l prevent two

o r more co n t rac t in g S ta t e s f rom co n s t i t u t i n g jo in t

a i r t r an sp o r t o p e ra t in g o rg an iza t io n s o r i n t e rn a -

t i on al op era t i ng agencies and from pool ing t h e i r a i r

ser v ic es on any rou te s o r i n any reg ions , bu t such

organ i za t io ns o r agencies and such pooled serv ice8

s h a l l be s u b j e ct t o a l l t h e p ro v i s io n s of t h i e

Convent ion , inc lud ing those re la t i ng t o th e reg is -

t r a t i o n of agreements with t h e Council . The Council

sh a l l determine i n what manner th e pro vis ions of

t h i s Convention re l a t i n g t o n a t i o n a l i t y of a i r c ra f t

s ha l l apply t o a i r c r a f t o p e r s ted by in te rn at io na l

opera t ing agencies .



I

v

A r t i c l e 3

Function of The Council may suggest t o co nt ra ct in g S ta te sCouncil

concerned t h a t they form jo in t o rgan i za t io ns t o oper-

a t e a i r ser v ic es on any r ou te s o r i n any reg ions .

A r t i c l e 2P a r t i c i - A St at e may part i c ip8, te In j o in t opera t ing organ-p a t io n i no p era t in g i z a t io n s o r i n p o ol in g a rran gement s, e i t h e r t hro ug horganiza-t i o n s I t s government o r through an a i r l i n e company o r com-

panies des ignated by i t s government . The companies

may, a t t h e so l e d i s c re t i o n of t h e S t a t e co ncerned, be

s tate-owned o r par t l y s tate-owned o r pr iv at el y owned.

PART I V FINAL PROVISIONS- *

CHAPTER XVII

OTHER AERONAUTICAL AGREEMENTS AND ARRANGENENTS

A r t i c l e @

Pa ri e and Each con tra ct i ng St at e undertakes , immediately

HabanaConventione upon th e coming in to f or ce of t h i s Convention, t o g ive

not ic e of denunciat ion of t he Convention r e l a t in g to

th e Regulat ion of Aeri al Navigat ion s igned a t P a r i s o n

October 13, 1919 o r t h e Convention on Commercial Avia-

t i o n s ig n ed a t Habana on February 20, 1928, i f i t i s

a p a rt y t o e i t h e r . A s between c o n t r ~ c t i n g t a t e s , t h i s

Convention supersedes the Conventions of Paris and

Habana previously referred to .

A r t i c l e 81

R e g i s t r a t o n A l l aeronautica.1 agreements which a r e i n ex is t -o f ex is t ingagreements ence on the coming into force of t h i s Convention, and



*1

CHAPTER XVIII

DISPUTES AND DEFAULT

A r t i c l e 84

S e t t l e m e n t I f any disagreement between two o r more c on tr ac t-o f d i s p u t e s

i n g S t a t e s r e l a t i n g t o t h e i n t e r p r e t a t i o n o r a p pl ic a-

t i o n of t h i s Convention and i t s Annexes c ~ n n o t e

s e t t l e d by ne go t ia t i on , i t s h a l l , o n t h e a p p l i c a t i o n

of any S t a t e concerned i n th e d i sagreement , be dec ided

by t h e Counci l. No member of t h e Counc il a h a l l v o t e

i n t h e c o ns i de r at i on by th e Counc il o f any d i s pu t e to

which i t i s a pa r t y . Any con t r ac t in g S t a te mag,

s ub Je ct t o A r t i c l e 85, a ppe a l from th e de c i s ion o f t he

Counc i l to an ad& a r b i t r a l t r i b u n a l a g re ed upon

w i t h t h e o th e r p a r t i e s t o t h e d i sp ut e o r t o t h e

Per manen t C ourt o f I n t e r na t i on a l J u s t i c e . Any such

a p p e ~ l h a l l b e n o t i f i e d t o t h e C ou nc il w i t h i n s i x t y

d ay s of r e c e i p t o f n o t i f i c a t i o n of t h e d e c i si o n of

the Counc i l .

A r t i c l e 85

A r b i t r a t i o n I f any c o n t r a c t i n g S t a t e p a r t y t o a d i s p u t e i nprocedure

which th e dec i s i on of th e Counci.1 i s under appea l has

no t accep ted th e S ta tu te of th e Permanent Court o f

I n t e r n a t i o n a l J u s t i c e and t h e c o n t r a c t in g S t e t e s

p a r t i e s t o t h e d i s p u t e c an no t a g r e e on t h e c h o ic e of

t h e a r b i t r a l t r i b u n a l , e ac h o f t h e c o n t r a c t i n g S t a t e s

p a r t i e s t o t h e d i s p ut e s h a l l name a s i n g le a r b i t r a t o r

who a h a l l name an umpire. If e i t h e r c o n t r a , c t i n g

S t a t e pa r ty t o t h e d i s pu t e f a i l s t o name an a r b i t r a t o r

w i t h i n a pe r iod o f t h r e e m onths fr om th e da t e of t h e

a ppe al , a n a r b i t r a t o r s ha l l be named on be hal f of

-



G,

t h a t S t a t e by t h e P r e s i d e n t o f t h e C o un ci l from a

l i s t of q u a l i f i e d and a v a i l a b l e p e r so n s ma i nt a in e d by

t h e C ou nc il . I f , w i t h in t h i r t y days, t h e a r b i t r e t o r s

cannot agree on an umpire, t h e Pr es id en t of th e

Council s h a l l designs-te an umpire from t h e l i s t p r e -

v i o u s l y r e f e r r e d t o . The a r b i t r a t o r s a nd t h e u mpi re

s h a l l t he n J o i n t l y c o n s t i t u t e a n a r b i t r a l t r i bu n al .

Any a r b i t r a l tribuna.1 e s t a b l i s h e d u nd er t n i s o r t h e

p r e ce d in g A r t i c l e she.11 s e t t l e i t s own procedure and

g i v e i t s d e c i s i o n s by m n Jor i t y v o t e, p r o v i d ed t h a t t h e

Counc i l may de te rmine p roced ura l que s t i ons i n th e

event of any de la y kthich i n t he opin i on of t he Counci l

i s excess ive .

A r t i c l e 86

Unless t h e Counci l dec id es o ther wise , any dec i -

s i o n by t h e C o un ci l on w he th er a n i n t e r n a t i o n a l a i r -

l i n e i s o p e r a t i n g i n c on fo rm it y w i t h t h e p r o v i s i o n s

of t h i s C on ve nt io n s h a l l r e ma in i n e f f e c t u n l e s s r e -

ver sed on appea l . On any o t he r mat te r , de c i s i on s of

t h e Co un ci l sh a l l , i f app eal ed from, be suspended

u n t i l t h e appeal i s decided. The dec is lo ns of t h e

Permanent Cour t o f I n t e r na t i on a l Ju s t i c e and of an

~ r b i t r a l r i b u n a l s h a l l b e f i n a l and b in di ng .

A r t i c l e 3

Each c o n t r a c t i n g S t a t e u nd e r ta k es n o t t o a l l o w

t h e o p e r a t i on o f an a i r l i n e o f a c o n t r a c t i n g S t a t e

t h r o u g h t h e a i r sp a c e a b o v e i t s t e r r i t o r y if t h e

Counci l has dec ided t h a t t h e a i r l i n e c on ce rn ed i s not

conforming t o a f i n a .1 d e c i s i o n r e n d e r ed i n a cc or d an ce



A r t i c l e 88-Pen alt y f o r The Assembly s h a l l suspend th e v ot i ng power i nnon-conf o m -I t y by S t a t e t he Assembly and i n th e Counc il of any cont rac t in g

S t a t e t h a t i s f ou nd i n d e f a u l t u nd er t h e p r o v i s i o n s

of t h i s Chapter .

CWTER X I X

WAR

A r t i c l e 89

I n c a s e o f war, t h e pro vi s i ons of t h i s Conven-

t i o n s n a l l no t a f fe c t t h e f reedom of ac t i on of a.ng of

t h e c o n t r a c t i n g S t a .t es a f f e c t e d , w he th er a s b e l l i g -

e r e n t s o r as ne ut ra ls . The same pr in c i p l e sha l l

apply i n th e cas e of any con t ra c t ing S ta , te which de-

c l a r e s E? s t a t e of r ia t iona l emergency and n o t i f i e s t l i e

f a c t t o t h e C o un ci l.

CHAPTER XX

ANNEXES

A r t i c l e 90

Adoption and ( a ) The adop tio n by t h e Council of t h e Annexes,mendL~entof

d es cr ib ed i n A r t i c l e 54, subparagraph ( I ) , ha l l

r e q u i r e the vo te o f two- thi rds o f th e Counc i l a t a

m ee ti ng c a l l e d f o r t h a t purpose and s h a l l th en be sub-

m i t t e d by th e C ounci l t o e a c h c on t r a c t i ng S t a t e . Any

such Annex o r any amendment of an Annex s h a l l become

e f f e c t i v e w i t h i n t h r e e months a f t e r i t s submission to

t h e c o n t r a ct i n g S t a t e s o r a t t he end of such longer

pe r i od of t ime as th e Counc i l may pre sc r ib e , un le ss

i n t h e m em ti me a m a j or i t y of t h e c o n t r a c t i n g S t a t e s

r e g i s t e r t h e i r d is ap pr ov al w i t h t h e C ounc il .



( b ) The Council s h a l l immediately not i fy a l l

c o n t r a c t i n g S t a t e s of t h e coming i n t o f o r c e of any

Annex o r amendnent t h e r e t o ,

RATIFICATION3,

ADHERENCES, AMENDMENTS,AND

DENUNCIATIONS

A r t i c l e 91

R a t i f i c a - ( a ) Thi s Convention s h a l l be sub jec t t o r a t i -

t i o n o fCon vent io n f i ca t io n by t h e s ig n a to ry S t a t e s . The in s t ru men t s

of r a t i f i c a t i o n s h a l l be d e p o s i t e d i n t h e a r c h i ve 6

of t h e Government of t h e Unit ed St a t e s of America,

which s h a l l g i v e n o t i c e of t h e d a t e of t h e d e po s i t

t o each of t h e s ig n a to ry an d ad h e rin g S ta t e s ,

(b) A s soon as t h i s Corivention 'has been r a t i -

f i e d o r ad he r ed t o by t we nt y- si x S t a t e s i t s h a l l

come in to f o r ce between them on the t h i r t i e t h day

a f t e r de p o s i t of t h e t w en t y- s ix t h i n s tr u m e nt . I t

s h a l l come i n t o f o r c e f o r e a ch S t a t e r a t i f y i n g t h e r e -

a f t e r on t he t h i r t i e t h day ~ f t e rh e d e p o s i t of i t s

i ns tr um en t of r a t i f i c a t i o n .

( c ) I t s h a l l be t h e d ut y of t h e Government of

t h e United S t a t e s of America t o no t i fy t h e governrflent

o f each o f t h e s ig n a to ry an d ad h e r in g S t a t e s of t h e

date on which t h i s Convention comes i n t o fo rc e.

A r t i c l s 92

Adherence ( a) Th is Convention s h a l l be open f o r adher-t oConvention ence by members of t h e United Nat ions and S t a t e s as-

s o c i a t e d with them, and S t a t e s which remained

n e u t r a l d u ri n g t h e p r e s e n t w or ld c o n f l i c t .



i t e re so lu t i on recommending adopt ion may prov ide t h a t

any Sta te which has n ot r a t i f i e d w it h in a s p e c i f i e d

per iod a f t e r t h e amendment ha s come in t o fo rc e s h a l l

thereupon cease t o be a member of t h e Organiz a t ion

and a par ty t o ' th e Convention .

A r t i c l e 95-7 -Denunciation (a) Any co nt ra c t in g S t a t e may g i v e n o t i c e of

Convent ion denunc ia t ion of t h i s Convent ion th re e yea r s a f t e r i t s

coming in to e f f ec t by n o t i f i c a t i o n a d dr es se d t o t h e

Government of t h e Unit ed S t a t e s of America, which

s h a l l a t once inform e ~ c hf t h e c o nt r a c t i n g S t a t e s .

( b ) Denuncia t ion s h a l l t a k e e f f e c t o ne y e a r

from t h e d a t e of t h e r e c e i p t o f t h e n o t i f i c a t i o n and

s h a l l ope r a t e on ly as r e g ar d s t h e S t a t e e f f e c t i n g t h e

denunc ia t ion .

CHAPTER XX I I

DEFINITION3

A r t i c l e 96

For th e purpoee of t h i e Convention th e expres-

(a) H A i r se r vi ce n means any echeduled a i r

s e r v i c e p er fo rm ed by a i r c r a f t f o r t h e p u b l i c

t r a ne po r t o f pa s s e nge r s , mail o r c a r g o .

( b ) H I n t e r n a t i o n a l a i r ee rv ic eN meansa n

a i r s e r v i c e wh ic h pa s s e s t h r ough t h e a i r space

o v e r t h e t e r r i t o r y o f more t ha n on e S t a t e .

( c ) LA1 rli neu means any a i r t r an sp o rt

e n t e r p r i e e o f f e r i n g o r o p e r at i n g a n i n t e r n a-

t l o n a l a i r s er vi ce .



a

FOR BOLIVIA:



FOR CHINA:

FOR COLOIlBIAt

FOR COSTA R ICA :



t

FOR CUBA3

FOR CZECHOSLOVAKIAt



FOR T9E DOMINICAIQ ?tEPUBLICz

0.a

7-/ &+-* 4) Sy 8 /9ui- 'FOR "JI SALVADOR:

Y



FOR -8 4U f i * k -

FOR OUATBULAr

I



FOR ICELAND:

-2;

FOR INDIA$2FOR IRAN:

/

FOR I R A Q 2/-



FOR IRELAND: n

FOR LIBERIA:

FOR ~ d B O U R O :

FOR MUC

.-.

FOR THE NETHERLANDS:



FOR !!HE ~~T OF

FOR NORVAYt i- .-/99c,

FOR PANAMA:

The Delegation e t the ~ e p y b l i c f Panama signs this Conventiongeferendum, and subJe'ct to the following reservations:

1. ~ e c i u s df i t s strategic position and responsibilityi n the protection of the means of communication in i ts t e r r i -tory which are of the utrost importance t o world trade, a d

v i t a l t o the defense of' the Western Hemisphere, the Republicof Panama reserves the r ight t o take. with respect to allf l i g h t s through the a i r -space ibove Its t e r r i to ry , a11 meas-

ures which in I ts -judgment may be proper fo r its own securityor the protection of said means of cormaunication.

2. The Republic of Panama understands that the technicaxw x e s t o which reference is made in the Convention constituterecommendations only, and not binding obligations.



FOR PARAGUAY: GV#,&?la",r f l . 7 . 1

FOR PERU:

FOR THE PHIL

FOR POLdlqDt

.-

- -.. -



FOR PORTUGAL: I

11 FOR SPAIN8



, . FOR SNITZERLANDr

FOR SYR IA :

-

- -7lA .

FOR TORKEY8



FOR THE UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA:

FOR !WE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED KINGDOM OF

GREAT BEiITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND:

Q4mAb.L-/-

OR THE UNITED STATES OF AXERICA:w

.-

FOR UilUGUAY:

1944 chicago convention

Documents