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Biomass Energy

Potential & Prospects

CII Godrej GBC Publication RES - Fact Sheet - No.1 June 2004

Confederation of Indian IndustryCII-Sohrabji Godrej Green Business Centre

husk, coconut

f r o n d s ,

coconut shell,

and crop

stalks etc.,

can be used.

1 MW grid

c o n n e c t e d

b i o m a s s

based power plant operating for 5000 hrs in a year

would require about 6000T of dry wood (Approximately

1.3 kg of dry wood per kWh).

The investment required for a typical 1 MW

biomass based power plant varies from Rs. 3.5

to 4.0 Crores.

Case study:

A 4.5 MW biomass based power plant installed in

Karnataka, consumes about 150 Tons of biomass per

day to generate about one lakh units of electricity.

The fuel used comprises of Cane trash, Coconut fronds,

Rice husk, Saw mill wastes and Firewood (eucalyptus).

The ash collected from the boiler is processed and

used as organic manure for agriculture.

2) Biomass Gasification

Biomass gasification can be used for both thermal

and electrical applications.

Generally, firewood, agricultural residues such as rice

husk, cashew shell etc., are being used in biomass

gasifiers.

In India, there is wide range of gasifiers available

with capacities varying from 20 kW to 500 kW for

electrical applications. Largest biomass thermal

gasifier used in India for industrial application

has been of 1.0 MW capacity. This has substituted

conventional fuel (furnace oil).

Thermal gasifiers finds applications in industries

like steel re-rolling, engineering industries, tiles

manufacturing, brick kilns, chemical Industries

etc.,

Introduction

Biomass contributes to about 14% of the total energy

supply worldwide.

India, being a

t r o p i c a l

country, has

tremendous

potential for

e n e r g y

g e n e r a t i o n

t h r o u g h

biomass and

its residues. Biomass energy is normally produced

from firewood, agricultural residues such as bagasse,

crop stalks, animal dung and wastes generated from

agro-based industries.

In India, biomass energy is being utilized mainly for

domestic, commercial and industrial applications.

Potential in India - 16,000 MW

(excluding co-generation)Installed capacity - 630 MW

Project under implementation - 630 MW

Globally, India is in the fourth position in generating

power through biomass and with a huge potential, is

poised to become a world leader in utilization of

biomass.

Applications

Various applications that are widely in use are the

following:

Power generation

Biomass Gasification for thermal heating and power

generation

Biogas generation for cooking and distributed power

generation

1) Biomass-based power generation

Biomass based power plants can generate grid quality

power. A wide variety of fuels like firewood, rice

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Confederation of Indian IndustryCII-Sohrabji Godrej Green Business Centre

Typical 1 MW Biomass gasifier requires about

Rs 2.5 to 3.0 Crores investment and have a

simple payback period of 3 4 yearsdepending

on the type of fuel and capacity utilization.

Case study:

A 200 kW biomass gasifier system has been installed

for power generation in a Potassium Chlorate

manufacturing company.

An average of about 3800 units is generated in a day.

Of the total power generated, about 12% is being

consumed by axillaries.

The gas produced contains tar, particulate matter etc

and is being filtered and cooled with scrubbers and

micro filters. The electricity generated is used for

electrolysis to produce potassium chlorate.

The cost of power generation works out to Rs 3.0 per

unit visa-vis present grid electricity charges ofRs 4.50 for HT industries.

Total investment for this project was Rs 61.0 lakhs.

The estimated annual savings of this project is about

Rs 17.0 lakhs per annum which was paid back within

two years, after considering the subsidy component.

3) Biogas Generation

Biogas Produced from organic materials such as animal

dung, canteen wastes, industrial wastes and selective

plants could be used in biogas plants. The gas

essentially comprises of methane and CO2 in the

ratio 55:45. It is the methane which has the fuel

value.

It is estimated that about 100 metric tones of

cattle dung would be required to generate 300

kW of power.

Case study:

An Industry which generates about 200 to 250 kgs

of solid wastes has installed a 25m3 capacity biogasplant. The system has two burners of 2m3and 3 m3

capacity. The installation of biogas plant has reduced

the consumption of LPG to the tune of 20 22

cylinders in a year.

The cost of LPG being Rs 450 per cylinder has resulted

in a saving of Rs 1.0 lakh per year.

The total cost of the project was Rs 2.0 lakh

after 50% subsidy, with a pay back period of two

years.

The various services being offered from GBC are: Green

Building rating, World class energy efficiency, Green

Audits, Renewable Energy services, Green Business

incubation, Exhibit of green equipments and materials

at the technology centre and Information centre.

CII Godrej GBC has formed 5 national councils to

address Green Buildings, Energy Efficiency, Renewable

Energy, Water Management and Environment & Waste

Recycling.

The major thrust of Renewable Energy council is to

advance adoption of Renewable Energy in India. The

council has over 50 members comprising all stakeholders

drawn from all over the country. This council is led by

Mr Ramesh Kymal, Managing Director, NEG-Micon

(India) Ltd.

CII- Sohrabji Godrej Green Business Centre

The CII Sohrabji Godrej Green Business Centre is a

joint initiative of Govt. of Andhra Pradesh, Godrej &

Boyce Mfg Co and Confederation of Indian Industry (CII)

with the technical support of USAID a unique model of

public private partnership.

The centre will strive to become the Centre of Excellence

for Energy Efficiency, Environment, Green Buildings,Renewable Energy, Water and Climate change activities

in India.

Issue sponsored by:

For further details, please contact:

Confederation of Indian IndustryCII Sohrabji Godrej Green Business CentreSurvey No.64, Kothaguda Post, Ranga Reddy Dist

Hyderabad 500 032Tel: 040 23112971 73 Fax: 040 23112837

Email: gbc@ciionline.orgWeb: www.greenbusinesscentre.com