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  • 8/12/2019 190 Biomass

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    Biomass Energy

    Potential & Prospects

    CII Godrej GBC Publication RES - Fact Sheet - No.1 June 2004

    Confederation of Indian IndustryCII-Sohrabji Godrej Green Business Centre

    husk, coconut

    f r o n d s ,

    coconut shell,

    and crop

    stalks etc.,

    can be used.

    1 MW grid

    c o n n e c t e d

    b i o m a s s

    based power plant operating for 5000 hrs in a year

    would require about 6000T of dry wood (Approximately

    1.3 kg of dry wood per kWh).

    The investment required for a typical 1 MW

    biomass based power plant varies from Rs. 3.5

    to 4.0 Crores.

    Case study:

    A 4.5 MW biomass based power plant installed in

    Karnataka, consumes about 150 Tons of biomass per

    day to generate about one lakh units of electricity.

    The fuel used comprises of Cane trash, Coconut fronds,

    Rice husk, Saw mill wastes and Firewood (eucalyptus).

    The ash collected from the boiler is processed and

    used as organic manure for agriculture.

    2) Biomass Gasification

    Biomass gasification can be used for both thermal

    and electrical applications.

    Generally, firewood, agricultural residues such as rice

    husk, cashew shell etc., are being used in biomass

    gasifiers.

    In India, there is wide range of gasifiers available

    with capacities varying from 20 kW to 500 kW for

    electrical applications. Largest biomass thermal

    gasifier used in India for industrial application

    has been of 1.0 MW capacity. This has substituted

    conventional fuel (furnace oil).

    Thermal gasifiers finds applications in industries

    like steel re-rolling, engineering industries, tiles

    manufacturing, brick kilns, chemical Industries

    etc.,

    Introduction

    Biomass contributes to about 14% of the total energy

    supply worldwide.

    India, being a

    t r o p i c a l

    country, has

    tremendous

    potential for

    e n e r g y

    g e n e r a t i o n

    t h r o u g h

    biomass and

    its residues. Biomass energy is normally produced

    from firewood, agricultural residues such as bagasse,

    crop stalks, animal dung and wastes generated from

    agro-based industries.

    In India, biomass energy is being utilized mainly for

    domestic, commercial and industrial applications.

    Potential in India - 16,000 MW

    (excluding co-generation)Installed capacity - 630 MW

    Project under implementation - 630 MW

    Globally, India is in the fourth position in generating

    power through biomass and with a huge potential, is

    poised to become a world leader in utilization of

    biomass.

    Applications

    Various applications that are widely in use are the

    following:

    Power generation

    Biomass Gasification for thermal heating and power

    generation

    Biogas generation for cooking and distributed power

    generation

    1) Biomass-based power generation

    Biomass based power plants can generate grid quality

    power. A wide variety of fuels like firewood, rice

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    Confederation of Indian IndustryCII-Sohrabji Godrej Green Business Centre

    Typical 1 MW Biomass gasifier requires about

    Rs 2.5 to 3.0 Crores investment and have a

    simple payback period of 3 4 yearsdepending

    on the type of fuel and capacity utilization.

    Case study:

    A 200 kW biomass gasifier system has been installed

    for power generation in a Potassium Chlorate

    manufacturing company.

    An average of about 3800 units is generated in a day.

    Of the total power generated, about 12% is being

    consumed by axillaries.

    The gas produced contains tar, particulate matter etc

    and is being filtered and cooled with scrubbers and

    micro filters. The electricity generated is used for

    electrolysis to produce potassium chlorate.

    The cost of power generation works out to Rs 3.0 per

    unit visa-vis present grid electricity charges ofRs 4.50 for HT industries.

    Total investment for this project was Rs 61.0 lakhs.

    The estimated annual savings of this project is about

    Rs 17.0 lakhs per annum which was paid back within

    two years, after considering the subsidy component.

    3) Biogas Generation

    Biogas Produced from organic materials such as animal

    dung, canteen wastes, industrial wastes and selective

    plants could be used in biogas plants. The gas

    essentially comprises of methane and CO2 in the

    ratio 55:45. It is the methane which has the fuel

    value.

    It is estimated that about 100 metric tones of

    cattle dung would be required to generate 300

    kW of power.

    Case study:

    An Industry which generates about 200 to 250 kgs

    of solid wastes has installed a 25m3 capacity biogasplant. The system has two burners of 2m3and 3 m3

    capacity. The installation of biogas plant has reduced

    the consumption of LPG to the tune of 20 22

    cylinders in a year.

    The cost of LPG being Rs 450 per cylinder has resulted

    in a saving of Rs 1.0 lakh per year.

    The total cost of the project was Rs 2.0 lakh

    after 50% subsidy, with a pay back period of two

    years.

    The various services being offered from GBC are: Green

    Building rating, World class energy efficiency, Green

    Audits, Renewable Energy services, Green Business

    incubation, Exhibit of green equipments and materials

    at the technology centre and Information centre.

    CII Godrej GBC has formed 5 national councils to

    address Green Buildings, Energy Efficiency, Renewable

    Energy, Water Management and Environment & Waste

    Recycling.

    The major thrust of Renewable Energy council is to

    advance adoption of Renewable Energy in India. The

    council has over 50 members comprising all stakeholders

    drawn from all over the country. This council is led by

    Mr Ramesh Kymal, Managing Director, NEG-Micon

    (India) Ltd.

    CII- Sohrabji Godrej Green Business Centre

    The CII Sohrabji Godrej Green Business Centre is a

    joint initiative of Govt. of Andhra Pradesh, Godrej &

    Boyce Mfg Co and Confederation of Indian Industry (CII)

    with the technical support of USAID a unique model of

    public private partnership.

    The centre will strive to become the Centre of Excellence

    for Energy Efficiency, Environment, Green Buildings,Renewable Energy, Water and Climate change activities

    in India.

    Issue sponsored by:

    For further details, please contact:

    Confederation of Indian IndustryCII Sohrabji Godrej Green Business CentreSurvey No.64, Kothaguda Post, Ranga Reddy Dist

    Hyderabad 500 032Tel: 040 23112971 73 Fax: 040 23112837

    Email: [email protected]: www.greenbusinesscentre.com