17 wwii 1 2day
TRANSCRIPT
World War II
1939-1945US Entry- 1941
Rise_Of_Nationalism_Germany 1;48
Causes of WWII: The Versailles Treaty Germany
•Blamed for war
•Lost colonies
•New countries formed out theirs
•Paid (war debts) reparations
(~33 Billion$)
The Great Depression
World-wide economic devastation
Buying of CREDIT
TARRIFF WARS of the 20sFordney-McCumber Tariff-1923
Hawley-Smoot Tariff-1930
Rise of Foreign Dictatorships
social desperation and unrest
promise of dictators to change problems
Problems in Europe After WWI
Great Depression•Economic = people were jobless
•Political = weak governments could not solve problems in their countries………..Fear of Jews and Communists
•Social = times of unrest people look for a leader.
•Power of government rests in one man.
•TOTAL POWER
•No freedoms in this society…..
•Usually racist and discriminatory towards certain groups……
•Often have large militaries and must expand and conquer to gain approval from
their people.
Totalitarian dictators came to power during the 1920s and 1930s in Europe.
Totalitarian dictators have total power….There are no freedoms in this
type of society…..Usually racist and discriminatory towards certain
groups……Often have large militaries and must expand and conquer to
gain approval from their people. COMMUNISM, FASCISM AND
NAZISM ARE TOTALITARIAN DICTATORSHIPS!
Adolph Hitler
Benito Mussolini
Joseph Stalin
•Joseph Stalin
•1921/Soviet Union
Communism
•Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
(U.S.S.R)
• gov’t control of all territories
•massive effort to industrialize
• no opposition tolerated
•Stalin maneuvered himself into becoming the leader
of the Soviet Union.
•The Russian Revolution was led by the people to
overthrow a monarch but when the new ruling class
took over, there were no protections of people’s
rights…… “NO BILL OF RIGHTS”
•Communism and fascism are similar in their
ideologies
Rise of Nationalism Russia 1;12
Benito Mussolini
1922/Italy---Facism
Believe, Obey and Fight
Revive the Roman Empire
• condemned Democracy,
Socialism, &Communism
• defended capitalism regulated
by gov’t
• slow economic recovery
• blamed world economic
conditions
FACISM: BASED ON A SYMBOL OF AUTHORITY IN THE OLD ROMAN
EMPIRE…………”a philosophy or system of government
that advocates or exercises a dictatorship, state
control of industry, racial superiority, supremacy of
the leader, limits civil rights, together with an
ideology of belligerent nationalism, militarism and
expansion…..”
Rise of Nationalism Italy ;57
The Rise of Adolph Hitler
Born in Austria
Fought in WWI and was bitter towards the Treaty of Versailles
Adolf Hitler
Germany/1933---Facism
Master Aryan Race
• WWI veteran-Blamed Jews for WWI
loss
• Was arrested for attempting to
overthrow old Nazi Regime in the
“Beer Hall Putsch”
•wrote Mein Kampf (“My Struggle”)
while in prison a book detailing political
ideas for Germany and his future plans
for Germany
• rebuilt Nazi Party/Military
• took control of Germany
•Blamed Jews for WWI loss
Rise_Nationalism_Hitler_Nazi 3 min
• removed German Jews from jobs
• Nuremberg Laws
• deprived German Jews of German citizenship
• banned marriages between Jews and non-Jews
• Kristallnacht – “night of broken glass”
• massive destruction of Jewish property
• Phase 1 1933-1939
– A Common Enemy : Re-Education
– Citizenship Rights?
–German Jews face deportation
– Violence Escalates----Kristalnacht
• Phase 2 (1939-1945)
– World War II begins vs. France/England
– Holocaust Begins--- The Final Solution
–Ghettos and Forced Labor
Camps
–mass executions of Jews and Eastern
Europeans.
–Gas Chamber
Two Phases of Hatred
Including 1.5 million innocent children
Emperor Horhito and Hideki Tojo
Japan
Militarism
Empire of the Sun
economy hurt by Depression and
loss of world markets
military leaders rose to power and
built up military
formed military agreement with
Germany & Italy that became AXIS
POWERS
Japan’s Manifest Destiny was to
expand into China and the rest of
Asia by invading Manchuria in
northeastern China for resources
Would threaten our island
possessions and U.S. trade policy
into China, Open Door Policy.
“FLYING TIGERS” before the American entry into World War II-private contractors of Military volunteers had the mission of defending China against Japanese forces/aggressionSeen as heroic and brave
Rise_Nationalism_Japan ;54
• Neutrality Act of 1935
• illegal for Americans to sell arms to any nation at war
• Neutrality Act of 1937
• cont’d ban on arms sale to nations at war
• warring nations only buy nonmilitary supplies on cash & carry basis
American_Isolationism 3 min
Hitler/GERMAN
EXPANSION
•1935 to
1939,
unopposed by
the League of
Nations.
•Rhineland
1936
•Austria
1938
Sudetenland
•Part of Germany
before WWI.
•Treaty of
Versailles created
Czechoslovakia
•7,450,000 Czechs
•3,200,000
Germans
•2,300,000
Slovaks
•720,000 Magyars
•560,000 Ruthenes
•100,000 Poles
•Leaders met in Munich to decide the
fate of Czechoslovakia..
•Hitler believed Sudetenland should be
part of Germany.
•Adolf Hitler--Germany
Neville Chamberlain—England
Premier Edouard Deladier---France
Benito Mussolini--Italy
•Hitler promised the world if he
received the Sudetenland, there would
be no war.
•German demands for the Sudetenland are met = “All I want, is a Germany for Germans”
•All Chamberlain wanted was peace at any cost.
•Chamberlain believed that by sacrificing Czechoslovakia he had satisfied Hitler and he would stop being aggressive; he
promised “a peace with honor… peace in our time.”
•Chamberlain gave into Hitler (appeasement)•Hitler got the Sudetenland.
•FDR sent a letter to Hitler
asking him to honor the Munich
Conference
•Later in 1939, Hitler would
invade and take the rest of
Czechoslovakia…….
•The United States learned
from the Munich Conference
that you cannot trust the words
of a dictator………
Umbrella Road
•What is the cartoonist
trying to say here?
•What is meant by, “we might as well try to
appease him”?
•How does the cartoonist justify his decision to
appease Hitler?
• Hitler demanded Sudetenland
• Hitler then demanded return of Danzig
• He also wanted right to build highway and railroad across Polish corridor
• With these demands for territory in Poland, GB & France realize appeasement had failed
• Sept 1, 1939, with Soviet support, Germany invades Poland
• Sept 3, 1939 GB & France declare war on
Germany – WORLD WAR II BEGINS
Nationalism_Rise_Axis_Pwr
Clouds of War 3 min