1.7 the history of computer networking and the internet
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1.7 The history of Computer Networking and the Internet. 20 minutes of joy with Patric and Andreas. The switching 60’s. Telephone. Telephone network is the dominating communication network Used circuit switching . Computer communication. Short bursts of information - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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1.7 The history of Computer Networking and the Internet
20 minutes of joy with Patric and Andreas
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The switching 60’s
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Telephone
Telephone network is the dominating communication network
Used circuit switching
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Computer communication
Short bursts of information Long inactivity periods Packet switching
More suitable for this type of communication More robust
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ARPAnet
Advanced Research Projects Agency at MIT The first packet switching network
IMP (Interface message processor) installed at UCLA UC Santa Barbara Stanford Univ. of Utah
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The 70’s
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1972: ARPAnet is now consistent of 15 nodes The first host-to-host protocol
NCP (Network Control Protocol) enables applications to be written
First e-mail program
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New networks emerging…
ALOHAnet Enabling communication over microwaves between the Hawaiian
Islands. Telenet
Commercial packet switching network based on ARPAnet’s technology Cyclades
French packet switching network IBM’s SNA
Parallelled ARPAnet’s work Tymnet, GE Information Services network etc.
Time sharing networks
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Networks of networks
DARPA (Defence ARPA) funded the connection of networks
Networks of networks also called inernetting
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Protocols
(early version of) TCP was used for connecting the networks
Forwarding functions IP
UDP
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More Protocols
Ethernet protocol Enabling wired based
broadcast sharing networks
Laying the foundation for LAN
ALOHA Protocol Multiple access
protocol
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The 80’s
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More computer networks
BITNET University e-mail and file sharing
CSNET Linking researchers without access to the ARPAnet
NSFNET Connection to supercomputing centers 56kbps backbone, later 1,5Mbps and serving as the
linking backbone between regional networks
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Standardisation
TCP/IP replacing NCP as the standard host protocol for ARPAnet
The late 80’s: Congestion control is added to TCP DNS is invented
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The 90’s
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Commercialisation
ARPAnet closes down NSFNET serving as backbone connecting the
regional networks and opening the network for commercial purposes
In 1995 NSFNET is decomissioned and Internet Service Providers serves as the new backbones in its place
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Developments
The key components of the web: HTML, HTTP, web server and a web browser is developed in the early 90’s
93: web browsers with GUI. 95: Web commerce Killer applications:
E-mail The Web IM (ICQ) P2P file sharing (Napster)
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The rest is history…