Pasamba, Angillete Domirene P.DMD 2D

ALOPECIA

A. Definition

ALOPECIAAlso known as “Baldness.”

Refers to hair loss in areas of skin that normally have hair.

There are two forms of alopecia: scarring and non-scarring.

• Scarring

• Non-scarring

Hair Loss

B. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMSALOPECIA SYMPTOMS DEPEND ON THE TYPE OF HAIR LOSS. SOME OF

THE MORE COMMON SYMPTOMS INCLUDE:

Male-pattern baldness:

•Hair recedes

•Hair falls out at the top of the head

•Affects men and women

Alopecia areata:

•Rapid hair loss

•Round or oval patches of hair loss

•Sometimes tiny hairs are visible in the patches

•Fingernails and toenails with pits

Female-pattern baldness:

•Hair thins over the entire head

•Hair comes out when brushing

Fungal infections:

•Patches of hair loss

•Black dots in the patches

•Itching

•Scaling

•Inflammation (such as redness)

Stress-related:

•Gradual shedding

•Hairs come out with gentle pulling

C. DENTAL CORRELATION OF THE DISEASE IN DENTAL TREATMENT

There is a close relationship between dental disease and hair loss, according to researchers from the Department of Stomatology at the University of Granada, (UGR) Spain. Professors José Antonio Gil Montoya and Antonio Cutando Soriano.

They explained, 'We have found that bald patches caused by tooth infection are not always in the same place. They normally appear on a line projected from the dental infection and can thus can be located on the face at the level of the maxillary teeth, above a line through the lip-angle to the scalp, beard, or even to the eyebrow. Nevertheless, they can also be located far from infection outbreak.'

• Patients with alopecia are advised to visit their dentists in order to receive a careful examination of their oral health.

PRECAUTIONS

• If you want to minimize your hair loss, the two nutrients that you have to make sure you have plenty of every day. These nutrients are Vitamin A and Vitamin B.

D. CLASSIFICATION OF THE DISEASE

MULTIFACTORIALMartinez-Mir et al. (2007) suggested that alopecia fits the paradigm of a complex or multifactorial genetic trait based on several lines of evidence: its prevalence in the population of approximately 2%; concordance in twins of 55% (Jackow et al., 1998); a Gaussian distribution of severity; a 10-fold increased risk for first-degree relatives of affected individuals; and the aggregation of affected individuals in families with no clear mendelian pattern of inheritance.

Mapping

Linkage to Chromosome 18

In an effort to define a genetic basis of alopecia, Martinez-Mir et al. (2007) performed a genomewide search for linkage to 20 families with 102 affected and 118 unaffected individuals from the United States and Israel. The analysis revealed evidence of at least 4 susceptibility loci on chromosome 6, 10, 16, and 18 using several different statistical approaches. Fine-mapping analysis with additional families yielded a maximum multipoint lod score of 3.93 on chromosome 18 at marker D18S967 (AA1), a 2-point affected sib pair (ASP) lod score of 3.11 on chromosome 16 (AA2; 610753), several ASP lod scores greater than 2.00 on chromosome 6q, and a haplotype-based relative risk lod of 2.00 on chromosome 6p, in the major histocompatibility complex locus.