14th int. conf. on nuclear reactions mechanisms, june 15-19, 2015, varenna, italymarilena avrigeanu...
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14th Int. Conf. on Nuclear Reactions Mechanisms, June 15-19, 2015, Varenna, ItalyMarilena Avrigeanu 1
Role of the direct mechanisms in theRole of the direct mechanisms in thedeuteron-induced surrogate reactionsdeuteron-induced surrogate reactions
Marilena Avrigeanu and Vlad AvrigeanuMarilena Avrigeanu and Vlad Avrigeanu Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH),
Bucharest, RomaniaBucharest, Romania
14th INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NUCLEAR REACTION MECHANISMS
June 15-19, 2015, Varenna, Italy
F4E-GRT-168.02, Tasks 5.1/8.2PN-II-ID-PCE-3-2011-0450
ContentContent
1. Introduction1. Introduction
22. Surrogate Reaction Approximations. Surrogate Reaction Approximations
3. Deuteron 3. Deuteron BU effects BU effects
4. Conclusions4. Conclusions
14th Int. Conf. on Nuclear Reactions Mechanisms, June 15-19, 2015, Varenna, ItalyMarilena Avrigeanu 2
DEUTERON Surrogate ReactionsDEUTERON Surrogate Reactions
2Marilena Avrigeanu
14th Int. Conf. on Nuclear Reactions Mechanisms, June 15-19, 2015, Varenna, ItalyMarilena Avrigeanu 3
Breakup deuteron effects :Breakup deuteron effects : 231231Pa(d,3n)Pa(d,3n)230230UU reaction reaction
10 12 14 16 18 2010-1
100
101
102
103
(
mb)
Ed (MeV)
231Pa(d,3n)230U Morgenstern+ (2009) PE+CN
6 9 12 15 18 21100
101
102
103
R
BU
(Avrigeanu+, 2009)
(
mb)
Ed (MeV)
d + 231
91Pa
BREAKUP channel
10 12 14 16 18 2010-1
100
101
102
(m
b)
Ed (MeV)
231Pa(d,3n)230U
Morgenstern+ (2009) PE+CN UNCORRECTED for BU
(PE + CN)*(1-BU/R)
BF (231Pa(pbreakup,2n)230U) BF+PE+CN
14th Int. Conf. on Nuclear Reactions Mechanisms, June 15-19, 2015, Varenna, ItalyMarilena Avrigeanu 4
SURROGATE REACTIONS: SURROGATE REACTIONS: STRONG EFFECTS OF THE DEUTERON BREAKUPSTRONG EFFECTS OF THE DEUTERON BREAKUP
test of d-surrogate
232Th(d,p)
14th Int. Conf. on Nuclear Reactions Mechanisms, June 15-19, 2015, Varenna, ItalyMarilena Avrigeanu 5
SURROGATE REACTIONS: SURROGATE REACTIONS: STRONG EFFECTS OF THE DEUTERON BREAKUP STRONG EFFECTS OF THE DEUTERON BREAKUP
5
desired reaction: 232Th(n,ɤ)233Th surrogate reaction: 232Th(d,pɤ)233Th
Eex : [4.786 - 5.782] MeVEp : [9.672 - 8.676] MeV; θp :[ 124o -138o]
inelastic breakup enhancement
232Th(nBU,ɤ)233Th
Ed=12 MeV; = 14.458 MeV
10 12 14
102
103
Ed (MeV)
m
b
d + 232
90Th
Reaction - Han (2006)
BU - Avrigeanu+ (2009)
R
232Th(d,p)
20 40 60 800.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.50.60.70.8
Ed (MeV)
p B
U/
R
proton breakup ratio: d +232Th
Kleinfeller+ (1981) Wu+ (1979) Avrigeanu+ (2009))
14th Int. Conf. on Nuclear Reactions Mechanisms, June 15-19, 2015, Varenna, ItalyMarilena Avrigeanu 6
SURROGATE REACTIONS: SURROGATE REACTIONS: STRONG EFFECTS OF THE DEUTERON BREAKUP STRONG EFFECTS OF THE DEUTERON BREAKUP
desired reaction: 232Th(n,ɤ)233Th surrogate reaction: 232Th(d,pɤ)233Th
E* : [4.786 - 5.782] MeVEp : [9.672 - 8.676] MeV; θp :[ 124o -138o]
233Th*: BU inelastic enh.BU inelastic enh. 232Th(nbreakup,ɤ) DRDR (strippingstripping) 232Th(d,p) CNCN 232Th(d,p)
NOT CONSIDERED : LARGENOT CONSIDERED : LARGE leakage of leakage of d fluxd flux flux through flux through BU BU beforebefore CN CN fformormaationtion
CN mechanismCN mechanism,, too restrictive frame for d-surrogated-surrogate
EXCEPTEXCEPT the SSurrogate RRatio Method, where the effects of BUBU & DR& DR are diminished
14th Int. Conf. on Nuclear Reactions Mechanisms, June 15-19, 2015, Varenna, ItalyMarilena Avrigeanu 7
BreakupBreakup Cross Sections Parametrizations Cross Sections ParametrizationsKalbach (2003)Kalbach (2003)
Kalbach (2010)Kalbach (2010)
Avrigeanu+ (2009)Avrigeanu+ (2009)
0.2
0.4
0.6
58Ni Kalbach (2003) Avrigeanu+ (2009) Kalbach (2010)
0.2
0.4
0.6
119Sn
20 40 60 80
0.2
0.4
0.6
Ed (MeV)
181Ta
20 40 60 80
0.2
0.4
0.6
Ed (MeV)
232Th
cadru 9
0.2
0.4
0.6
90Zr
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
p B
U/ R
eact
ion
27Al
Pampus+ (1978) Wu+ (1979) Matsuoka+ (1980) Kleinfeller+ (1981)
0.2
0.4
0.6
93Nb
0.2
0.4
0.6
62Ni
BUP_comp_new
20 40 60 80
0.2
0.4
0.6
Ed (MeV)
208Pb
Fusion. Eng. Design, 84, 418 (2009)
Phys. Rev. C 89, 0446613 (2014)
www.tunl.duke.edu/publications/tunlprogress/2003/
www-nds.iaea.org/fendl3/vardocs.html.
14th Int. Conf. on Nuclear Reactions Mechanisms, June 15-19, 2015, Varenna, ItalyMarilena Avrigeanu 8
Importance of Deuteron Breakup mechanismImportance of Deuteron Breakup mechanism
5 10 15 20
10
100
1000
5 10 15 20
10
100
1000
d + 231
91Pa
R
BU (Avrigeanu+, 2009)
BU (Kalbach, 2003)
(
mb)
d + 27
13Al
5 10 15 20
Ed (MeV)
d + 181
79Ta
d + 63
29Cu
d + 119
50Sn
d + 93
41Nb
Warning for d-surrogates
Warning for d-surrogates
BU-Dominance !!!
BU-Dominance !!!
14th Int. Conf. on Nuclear Reactions Mechanisms, June 15-19, 2015, Varenna, ItalyMarilena Avrigeanu 9
232Th(d,p)233Th STRIPPING REACTIONS: 232Th(d,p)233Th STRIPPING REACTIONS: IMPORTANT CONTRIBUTIONIMPORTANT CONTRIBUTION
14th Int. Conf. on Nuclear Reactions Mechanisms, June 15-19, 2015, Varenna, ItalyMarilena Avrigeanu 10
CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS
PE & EVAPORATIONPE & EVAPORATION cross sections corrected for
initial flux leakage towards DIRECT INTERACTIONSDIRECT INTERACTIONS
DIRECT INTERACTIONSDIRECT INTERACTIONS (DI) effects to dd interactions
BREAKUPBREAKUP: DOMINANTDOMINANT for heavy targets at Ed~VC
BREAKUP ENHANCEMENTBREAKUP ENHANCEMENT of activation c.s. STRIPPING & PICK-UPSTRIPPING & PICK-UP maxima Ed~ 8-10 MeV
Nuclear Reactions studies based on Nuclear Reactions studies based on
deuteron induced reactions deuteron induced reactions should consider should consider
BREAKUP & STRIPPING / PICK-UP EFFECTSBREAKUP & STRIPPING / PICK-UP EFFECTS
Thank you!Thank you!
DEUTERON SURROGATE DEUTERON SURROGATE RATIORATIO METHOD METHOD IS THE SOLUTION
14th Int. Conf. on Nuclear Reactions Mechanisms, June 15-19, 2015, Varenna, ItalyMarilena Avrigeanu 1111Marilena AvrigeanuMarilena Avrigeanu
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14th Int. Conf. on Nuclear Reactions Mechanisms, June 15-19, 2015, Varenna, ITALY
14th Int. Conf. on Nuclear Reactions Mechanisms, June 15-19, 2015, Varenna, ItalyMarilena Avrigeanu 1212Marilena AvrigeanuMarilena Avrigeanu
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14th Int. Conf. on Nuclear Reactions Mechanisms, June 15-19, 2015, Varenna, ITALY
14th Int. Conf. on Nuclear Reactions Mechanisms, June 15-19, 2015, Varenna, ItalyMarilena Avrigeanu 13
d
Surrogate reactions methodSurrogate reactions method
δ = d + D
CNCNExcited nucleusExcited nucleus
CNCN
= a + A
= c + C
DR:DR:
n
pBU+DR+CNBU+DR+CN
IF:
EXCEPT: 1=2, CN1≠ CN2 (ESR)1=2, CN1= CN2, 1 ≠ 2 (ISR)
= c + C