1.4 bone lecture

8/13/2019 1.4 Bone Lecture

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/14-bone-lecture 1/25

bone p. 1 (1-24)

O S T E O L O G Y

BONE (THE TISSUE)

VS.

BONE (THE ORGAN)

BONE TISSUE CHARACTERISTICS:

1. BONE IS HARD AND RESILIENTIT IS LE!IBLE AND HASGREAT TENSILE STRENGTH

2. BONE IS VASCULAR". BONE IS CALCIIED (bone

#$ne%&' $: *+%o,*&p&$e & $n+o/ C&'0$# pop&e

"C&" (3O4)2 C& (OH)2

5$ %&0e &#on o/ #&6ne$# &n+ oe% #$ne%&'.



bone p. 2

S7ELETAL TISSUES

CARTILAGE VS. BONE n+&#en&' p%ope%$e

A33ENDICULAR S7ELETON 8. A!IAL S7ELETON

SESA9OID BONES



bone p. 3

SU3ERNU9ARY BONES

BONE 9AR7INGS; (VERY TELLING ABOUT BONES)

BONES 9AY HAVE 9ULTI3LE NA9ES (*non*#)

9&n+$b'e< - +en&%* bone $n #&n e* &%e e &#e< be* &%e no $ne%0&n6e&b'e &#on6 oeo'o6$. T$ $be0&e e #&n+$b'e = 'o5e% >&5 $ 0o#poe+ o/ e8e%&'bone $n #o 8e%eb%&e oe% &n #&##&'. 9&##&'&8e on'* & +en&%* bone< b oe% 8e%eb%&e &8en#e%o bone & #&e p e #&n+$b'e.

?*6o#&$0 bone @ #&'&% bone

Bone &8e pe0$/$0 %e6$on &n+ %0%e & &8epe0$/$0 n&#e. o% e,&#p'e: Te ?*6o#&$0 p%o0e o/ ee#po%&' bone;



bone p. 4

Bone #&%$, $ 0o#poe+ o/ 5o

%&e% +$//e%en $n+ o/b&n0e:1. #$ne%&' ($no%6&n$0 0%*&' o/

0&'0$# pop&e) - &bo &n+

2. 3%oe$n (o%6&n$0 0o#ponen)#o'* $n e /o%# o/ 0o''&6en

o#e$#e 0&''e+ Oe$n; o%Oeo$+;

Bo ee 0o#ponen &%ep%o+0e+ b* 0e'' 0&''e+:

Oeo0*e (bone 0e'')

3%e0%o% o oeo0*e &%e 0e''0&''e+:

Oeob'&- bone /o%#$n6 0e''



• 0&n&'$0'$ bone p.

Bone $o'o6$0&' e%#$no'o6* (0on.)

•Vo'#&n 0&n&'

•S&%p$e /$be%

• pe%$oe#

• en+oe#• oeo0*e

• '&0n&

• oeob'&

•

oeo0'&• $ne%$$&' '&#e''& ($ne%$$&' bone)

• +$p'o

•#e+''&%* 0&8$*

• bone #&%%o5 (%e+ &n+ *e''o5)

• /o%&#en

• n%$en /o%&#en

• p$0'e



• %&be0'&e

bone p. F

7INDS; O BONES

9OR3HOLOGICAL 7INDS:

LONG< SHORT< LAT< IRREGULAR

ONTOGENETIC 7INDS:

ENDOCHONDRAL BONES

(RE3LACE9ENT BONES)

INTRA9E9BRANOUS BONES (9E9BRANE BONES) (IN SO9E 3LACES< SUCH AS THE S7ULL

THESE ARE CALLED DER9AL; BONE

OSTEOGENESIS



(BONE OR9ATION GROTH

Bone p. J

Bone 6%o5 $n 'en6 /%o# e$% en+K

•ep$p*e

•+$&p*$

•ep$p*e&' p'&e

•ep$p*e&' '$ne

•0ene% o/ o$/$0&$on e %o'e o/ pe%$oe&' bone 6%o5

%e#o+e'$n6 o/ bone -

3&%&*%o$+ o%#one (3TH) = $#'&eoeo0'& o %eo%b bone< %e'e&$n60&'0$# $on /%o# bone #&%$, &n+



#ob$'$?$n6 0&'0$#. C&'0$on$n (/%o# e*%o$+) $n$b$ bone %eo%p$on &n+en0o%&6e e +epo$$on o/ 0&'0$#.

bone p.

Con0ep: Bone RE9ODELING

OSTEOCLASTS ARE S3ECIAL CELLS THAT DESTROY BONE

& +ee%#$ne e &pe o/ & boneM

Bone $ %epon$8e o:1. Gene$0 e//e02. En8$%on#en&' e//e0

• %e (ne6&$8e e'e0%$0&' 0%%en

+epo$$on) e p$e?oe'e0%$0 p%ope%$e o/ bone

• o%#one $n0'+$n6: 6%o5

o%#one< (HGH)< eoe%one<e%o6en< &n+ 3&%&*%o$+ o%#one

(&'o 0&''e+ p&%&o%#one)• 8$&#$n D (V$. D +e/$0$en0* < %$0e)

Te +e&$' o/ & bone &ppe&%&n0e #&* %e/'e0e #e0&n$0&' %ee p'&0e+ on & bone.



Bone 1 OVERALL UNCTIONS O BONE

1. SU33ORT

2. 3ROTECTION

". 9OVE9ENT

4. 9INERAL STORAGE (C& &n+ 3)

. BLOOD OR9ATION -HE9ATO3OIESIS ($n %e+ #&%%o5)



bone p. 11

Bone /%&0%eD$p'&0e+ o% non-+$p'&0e+

Co#p'ee o% $n0o#p'ee

Co#pon+ o% $#p'e

He#&o#&B'oo+ C'o /o%#&$on (/$b%$n)

$b%o0&%$'&6e 0&''(0o''&6en $n & 0&%$'&6$no #&%$,)

Bone* 0&''



bone p. 1"

3$e?oe'e0%$0 e//e0:3o$$8e 0&%6e = &bo%p$on

Ne6&$8e 0&%6e = /o%#&$on Oeo#&'&0$& = a softening of bonedue to decreased mineralcomponents. Also a condition called

R$0e %e' $n poo% #$ne%&'$?&$on o/ bone<o/en be0&e o/ 8$&#$n D +e/$0$en0* o% 0&'0$# o%&6ee&%'* $n '$/e.

symptoms include bow-leggedness



bone p. 14

S0%8* = 0&e+ b* & o%&6e o/8$&#$n C - O%$6$n o/ e e%# L$#e*; /o% &

B%$$ &$'o%. S0%8* $ 0o##on'* een $n0$'+%en $n "%+ 5o%'+ 0on%$e.

Scurvy is characterized by formation of spots on the skin. These spots are more prominent onthe thighs and legs.

It can also cause bleeding from the mucous membranes.

It also makes the gums spongy and if the disease persists for long time it can even lead to loss

of teeth. Scurvy also leads to bleeding from the skin which causes discoloration of the skin and it also

affects the healing process of the wounds.

A person suffering from scurvy may also suffer depression



bone p. 15



bone p. 1



bone p.1F



bone p. 18



bone p. !"ormal bone #top$ osteoporosis bone #bottom$



Bone p. 21



%op pre-menopausal&bottom post-menopausal

bone p. 22



'A (uick look at some non-human primate skulls)

bone p. 3



bone p. 4

1.4 bone lecture

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