13 Original Colonies

Key Term1. Diversity: The English

colonies were settled by various ethnic groups including English, Dutch, Scot-Irish, and African (Native Americans also lived in the region)

Reasons for Migration• Religious:

– Massachusetts and Pilgrims– Rhode Island and Roger Williams = Religious

freedom– Pennsylvania and William Penn= refuge for

Quakers– Maryland and Lord Baltimore= refuge for

Roman Catholics– In general, Huguenots, Jews, Quakers, and

Catholics settled in the colonies to escape persecution

Reasons for Migration

• Economic: – Settlers in all colonies were drawn by the

availability of land

• Demand for:– Tobacco– Furs– Lumber

• Virginia, Delaware, New York

Reasons for Migration

• Political Reasons: – The English King

rewarded loyal subjects land grants in North America

• New Jersey• The Carolinas

Economics Foundations of Colonial America

1. Mercantilism: colonies exist to benefit the “mother” country

2. Triangular Trade: see map3. Cash Crop: crop grown for

profit (tobacco, cotton, sugar, coffee)

4. Colombian Exchange: see map

Self Government» Mayflower Compact» House of Burgesses» New England Town Meeting» Elected Assemblies

• The above are all steps toward reprehensive government and democracy

First Slaves Brought To Virginia 1609

• Slavery became central to the economic system of the South.

• Increase demand for TOBACCO required an increase in the southern labor force

• Slavery was LEGAL in ALL English colonies

The Middle Passage