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S.C. Kursija is a graduate of DelhiUniversity, Meerut University andHomeopathic System of Medicines in Delhi.

He has worked in various capacities for DelhiHomeopathy Medical Association (DHMA),and was founder and chief editor of theirmonthly journal, Hahnemann HomoeopathicSandesh. He has received numerous awardsand passed the Jyotish Visharad from theIndian Council of Astrological Sciences(Madras). He is a member of the faculty ofBhartiya Vidhya Bhawan and has taughtastrology for ICAS, Madras Delhi Chapter-1.Currently, Dr. Kursija is General Secretary ofall Indian Federation of Astrologers Societies.Dr. Kursija teaches astrology and Vaastu invarious chapters, and has written on varioustopics of interest. He is particularlyinterested in hearing from fellow astrologerswho have researched the topic of suicide in

astrology. He can be contacted [email protected].

LongevityIn Astrology

ByDr.S.C.Kursija, Indiaf we read any classical book we will find achapter on longevity and some principles toknow the time of death. Death is ultimate

end of the life. Every Jeeva is to die. Theseclassical books were written hundreds of yearsback. Then natives were not afraid of death.

They wanted to know their period and time ofdeath because they were honest and true to theirkarma. They knew that rebirth will give moreenergy and force to work more hard for uplift ofsoul. But the present man is afraid of death. Heknows that he is not doing right things and doingkarma only for the benefit of present life andseeking more and more comfort of life for thebody, not for the uplift of Soul. He requiresArtha (money) to purchase comfort of life. Hewants to earn more and more money by illicit

manner, wrong means. Therefore he is afraid ofdeath. The journey of life is for the upliftment ofthe Soul. So to know the span of life and timeand day of death is not a curse but a boon forthose who follow the righteous path in life. But itis fearful for those who follow the path ofmaterialism and amass wealth from every sourceand every way with out caring for his fellowbeing and society. They know that wealth andmaterial is capable to increase body comfortsonly and pomp and show in the society.

In connection with longevity we desire to knowA. the span of life, B. nature of death such as un-natural death or accident, long suffering fromchronic disease or peaceful death, C. place ofdeath such as at home, at distance place like inforeign country or away from home or on theway to home. The yoga, dasha and transit areimportant to know all the above factors.

The longevity is divided by our sages in to threeperiods1) Alpa Ayu 2) Madhya Ayu and 3) Purana Ayu.

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AlpaAyu (short span of life) is up to 32 years. It has been divided in to again three periods. Sadhyorista immediate death within one year Balarishta one to 12 years Yogarishta up to 20 years

Madhya Ayu (medium span of life) is up 64 to 75 years. It has been divided in to again three periods MadhyaAlpa ayu Madhya-Madhya ayu MadhyaPurana Ayu

Purna Ayu Age (full span of life) is more than 70 years and up to 100 years DeergaAyu more than 100 years up to 120 years ParamaAyu more than 120 years.

We are mainly concerned up to Purna Ayu. There are nearly 82 methods of calculations of the span oflife and all fails to calculate accurate span of life as the native has free will to do karma. He can increasehis life by controlling his Karma and devoting in good karma. He can decrease his life span by badkarma and immersing himself in the philosophy of eat, drink and do merry or living the style of W

cube. Wealth, Wine and Woman.

Our Rishis were very concerned about the span of life. They evolved methods to determine the span oflife. They evolved A. Amshayu, B. Nisargayu, C. Pindayu and D. Lagnayu. They said that If lagna lord is strong and have aspect or conjoined with benefic planet, one should determine

the span of life by Amshayu. If Sun is strong then determine the span of life by Pindayu. If Moon is strong then determine the span of life by Nisargayu.

It was only Acharya Satyacharya who said that the span of life should be determined only by Lagnayu.

Standard methods of Judgment of Longevity(1) Method of three planets:Placement of Lagna lord, 10th lord and 8th lord in movable, fixed orcommon sign. The Movable sign represents Purna-ayu, Fixed sign represents Alpa-ayu and Commonsign represents Madhyam-ayu. (PAM)

(2) Method of three pairs:(a) Lagna lord and 8th lord (b) Saturn and Moon; (c) Lagna and Horalagna posited in movable, fixed or common sign (PAM). Movable + Movable=Purna-ayu; Fixed +Fixed= Alpa-ayu; Common + Common + Madhyam ayu

(3)8th Lord Placement:(a)Occupation of Kendra indicates a Long life.(b)Occupation of panaphara house indicates Madhyam life.(c)Occupation of apoklim house indicates Alpa-ayu

(4) Kakshya Vridhi of Ayu: If Jupiter is posited in 7th or Lagna or conjoined with benefic planetor aspected by a benefic planet. Only Jupiter is not enough, powerful planet in Kendra or trine, indicateslong life.(a) When Ascendant (lagna) is hemmed in between benefic planets(b) When benefics are in trine from Ascendant.(c) When benefics planet is posited or aspects lagna

(5) Kakshya Harana of Ayu:

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(a) If Saturn is debilitated or in enemy sign and associated with or aspected by a malefic planet.This reduction will not be done if Saturn is posited in exaltation, own sign, or not aspected or associatedwith malefic sign.(b) When Saturn is posited in Kendra from Jupiter or Kendras are aspected by Saturn along withMars.(c) If Moon is posited in 8th or 12th from Ascendant.(d) If Saturn is posited in Lagna or Rashi i.e. sign of Moon(e) If Saturn is posited in 6th, 8th or 12th from Ascendant or Rashi(f) If Saturn conjoined with Lagna Lord or Rashi lord.(g) If Lagna is hemmed in between malefic planets.(h) If Malefic planets are posited in lagna, 8th, 3rd, 5th, 9th, or 11th from Lagna.

As our span of life is dependent on our Sanchit and Prarabdha Karma our Rishis emphasized on the dashaand antar dasha of Marakesha and Badhakesha. When span of life is decided on Marakesha and Badhakesh,it is called Dashayu.

The 8th and 8th from 8th i.e. 3rd are the houses of longevity. The 12th from these houses i.e. 7th and 2nd are

the Maraka houses, their lords are called Marakesh. The badhaka lord for movable sign is 11th

lord, forfixed sign is 9th lord and for dual sign is 7th lord. There are some learned astrologers who are not readyto accept 9th lord as badhaka for fixed sign. They say that it is lord of the trine and Sage Parashara hassaid that the dasha and antar dasha of 9th lord is beneficial as it is house of Lakshmi. But they forget that itis Apoklim1 house also.

The lagna, lagna lord, planets in lagna and planets associated with lagna lord are also responsible forlongevity.

The 10th house and 10th lord, planets posited in 10th and planets associated with 10th indicate presentkarma which can increase or decrease the span of life.Therefore the three planet, Lagna, 10th and 8th lords are the easiest method to calculate the span of life.After calculating probable span of life, one should look for the dasha of maraka and transit during thatperiod.

We read in Mahabharata that mass destruction was caused by malefic planets surrounding Sun at thetime of war. Sun is the soul of the Kala Purusha i.e. of the Universe. Varahamihira calls the Sun asKalatma-The soul of time. Therefore it is important to consider Sun in matters oflongevity.

If the span of life is going to expire then the dasha and antar dasha of Marakesh i.e.(1) The Lord of 2nd house,(2) The Lord of 7th house(3) The malefic planets posited in 2nd,(4) The malefic planets posited in 7th,(5) The malefic planets associated with 2nd lord,(6) The malefic planets associated with 7th lord,(7) The malefic planets aspecting 2nd lord,(8) The malefic planets aspecting 7th lord,(9) The lord of the sign occupied by 2nd lord in navamsha,(10) The lord of sign occupied by the 7th lord in navamsha.(11) The 12th lord1

Brihat Jataka Chapter 1 Shl - 18.The houses next to the angles are known as the Panapharas or Succedent houses.

The houses next to the Succedent houses are termed the Apoklims or Cadent houses. The fourth house is known asHibukam, Ambu, Sukham and Vesma. The seventh house is known as Jamitram. The fifth house is called Trikonam.The tenth house is known as Mesurana and the 10th.

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(12) The planets posited in 12th house.(13) The planets associated with 12th lord.(14) The lord of the sign occupied by the 12th lord in navamsha.(15) The 8th lord(16) The planets in 8th house can cause death if the span of life is going to expire.(17) If the span of life is going to expire then if Saturn is lord of 3rd, 6th, 11th or 8th and associated with

marakesh its dasha or antar dasha can also cause death.(18) If the span of life is going to expire then the dasha of a benefic planet associated with marakesh

can cause death.

So in Laghu Parashari it is clearly said that if the span of life is going to expire then only the dasha andantar dasha of marakesh can cause death, otherwise not. Therefore it is the duty of an astrologer toknow the possible span of life i.e. Alpa, Madhya or Poorna and then see the dasha and antar dasha ofmarakesh.

Since the subject is vast we will touch the matter in general way and these will be in connection withAlpa, Madhya and Poorna ayu.

The principles according to Sage ParasharaAlpayu Short Span Of Life(1) If the Lagna Lord is posited in movable sign and 8 th lord in dual sign.(2) If the Lord of Lagna and 8th Lord are posited in fixed sign.(3) If Saturn and Mars in Lagna and Jupiter in 6th and Moon in 8th,(4) If lagna lord in 8th aspected by malefic planet.(5) If the Lagna Lord is weak and malefic planets in 6th, 8th, 12th(6) If 8th lord in kendra aspected by a malefic planet.(7) If Lagna Lord is posited in 6th, 8th, 12th, and not aspected by a benefic planet, and conjoined or

aspected by a malefic planet.(8) If Lagna Lord is conjoined by a malefic and malefic planets are posited in kendra not aspected

by a benefic planet,(9) If malefic planets are posited in 2nd and 12th, not aspected by benefic planet,(10) If Lagna Lord and 8th lord are combust, debilitated, posited in enemys sign, and posited in

6th, 8th or 12th house.(11) If 8th lord or Saturn is combust, debilitated, or posited in enemys sign,Madhyayu Medium Span Of Life(1) Lagna lord in immovable sign and 8th lord in fixed sign.(2) The malefic planets in 2nd,3rd, 4th, 5th, 8th, and 11th(3) The malefic and benefic planets occupy kendra and trikona(4) Jupiter as lagna lord becomes weak and malefic planets in kendra and trikona.(5) The benefic planets in kendra and trine and Strong Saturn in 6th and malefic planets in 6th and

8th(6) Hora lagna in fixed sign.Poornayu Full Span Of Life(1) If Lagna Lord and 8th lord in movable sign,(2) Hora Lagna in dual sign(3) 10th Lord in 5th and 8th lord in exaltation and benefic planets in Kendra.(4) The benefic planets in Kendra and malefic planets in 3rd, 6th and 11th.(5) The benefic planets in 6th, 7th, and 8th and malefic planets in 3rd, 6th, and 11th.(6) 8th Lord in lagna and aspected by Jupiter or Venus.(7) The Lagna Lord, 8th Lord and 10th Lord in Kendra or trikona or 11th.(8) The Lagna Lord or 8th in 8th or 11th.(9) The Lagna Lord or 10th Lord in kendra,

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(10) The lagna lord, 6th lord and 12th lord in own houses.According to Sage Parashara, the movable signs give Poornayu, fixed sign gives Alpayu, andDwisvabhava sign gives Madhyayu. He has made three groups to judge the longevity of a native, (1)Lagnalordand8thlord, (2) MoonandSaturn, (3) Lagnaand Hora lagna.If lagna lord and 8th lord are posited in movable sign or one in fixed sign and other in dual sign, oneenjoys Poornayu.

If both are posited in dual sign or one in movable and other in fixed sign, the native enjoys Madhyayu.

If both are posited in fixed sign or one in movable sign and other in dual sign, the native enjoys Alpayu.

If the entire three groups indicate Poornayu, the native lives for 120 years, if two members indicatePoornayu, the native lives for 108 years if only one indicates Poornayu, the nave enjoys 96 years of life.

Similarly 80, 72, 64 respectively are the years for the Madhyayu

Similarly 40, 36 and 32 respectively are the years for Alpayu

The final decision of longevity is to be taken from Lagna and Hora lagna, if all the three group membersgive different results.

Hora Lagnahe calculation of Hora lagna in the text is not sound mathematically. The text says that if thebirth lagna is odd sign, add the Ishta kala to the longitude of the Sun. If the birth sign is even,add the Istha kala to the longitude of the lagna, which looks unsound. More over the longitude

of the lagna or Sun has not been taken in to account. It is clearly said that the Ishta kala is the timefrom sunrise to the birth time of the native. Therefore the longitude of the Sun should be taken into

account. We should take the standard time deduct the local time of the sun rise. It will give the Isthakala in hours and minutes. The hours indicate sign and minutes divided by 2 indicates the longitude ofthe lagna. The Hora lagna will be the Longitude of Sun in sign and degree and minutes plus the signand hours and minutes arrived at by Istha kala.

Suppose we desire to the Hora lagna of Delhi at 4pm.. the sun rise is at 6hrs and 19 minutes. The4pm means 16hrs.Now 16-00 minus 06-19= 9 hrs and 41 minutes. 9hrs are the sign and 41 divided by 2 i.e.20-30 is the longitude of the sign i.e.9s-20 degree and 30 minutes is the longitude; add longitude of theSun on that day. It will give the Hora lagna with longitude.

If Moon is posited in lagna or 7th from lagna then lagna and Moon gives the final indications.If Jupiter is posited in lagna or 7th in strength and conjoined or aspected by a benefic planet, then onesection of life is increased i.e. Alpayu becomes Madhyayu, Madhyayu becomes Poornayu and Poornayubecomes Amitayu.If Saturn is one of the members of the group indicating span of life, one should deduct one section ofthe life. If Saturn is posited in his own sign or exalted, or yoga karaka, not conjoined or aspected by amalefic planet, one should not deduct the section of life.

BPHS chapter 39 shloka 3150Sage Parashara has given other methods also, such as 8th lord and Saturn, 3rd lord and Mars etc. Theabove method is mainly applied.

Sage Jaimini has taken the three groups as Parashara but with little difference A) Lagna lord and 8th

lord, B) Moon and lagna, C) Lagna and Hora lagna, not Saturn.

Moreover both have not taken into account the 10th house and 10th lord in its account, where as 10thhouse and 10th lord indicate karma of the native during present birth. The karma of the present birth can

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reduce or increase the kakshya of the birth i.e. from Alpayu to Madhyayu, from Madhyayu toPoornayu or from Poornayu to Madhyayu.

Some rules of JaiminiAlpayu: if four or more planets in from 9th to 12th houses,Madhyayu: If four or more planets in from 5th to 9th housePoornayu: if four or more planets in from lagna to 4 th house.

Kalidas in UttarkalamritaAlpayu: if malefic planets are posited in Kendra and trikona, 8th and 12thMadhyayu: if benefic planets are posited in 2nd, 3rd and 11thPoornayu: if benefic planets Jupiter, Venus, unafflicted Mercury and full Moon and trine lords areposited in kendra or trine.

Ramadayalu in Sanket NidhiAccording to him if the planets are posited in last portion of the sign it contributes little toward its

longevity. If planet posited in own sign or exaltation or friends sign contribute long life.

Some ObservationsLong life is indicated(1) If benefic planets are posited in benefic houses, Kendra or Kona with strength. The malefic

planets in Upachaya houses.(2) No malefic planet should be connected with 8th or 8th lord except Saturn.(3) If 8th lord, 3rd lord and 10th lord are strong and posited in kendra.(4) If Lagna Lord and 8th lord are posited in movable sign with benefic aspect.Madhyamayu is indicated(1) If benefic and malefic planets are posited in kendra and kona.(2) If lagna lord is weak and 8th lord is strong without benefic aspect, and 8th house has no malefic

planet but has benefic aspect.

Alpayu is indicated(1) If malefic planets are in kendra, kona and benefic houses.(2) Weak lagna lord and 8th lord or both posited in fixed sign.(3) If Saturn is weak and not aspected by a benefic planet.Source Of Death8th house from lagna or Moon which ever is strong indicates death and source of death. When there aremany planets in 8th, death will be due to disease of various kinds pertaining to these planets. Onesdeath should be expected to happen caused by humour to the sign of the 8th house or to the Navamshasign occupied by the 8th lord.

Sun indicates death due to fire. Moon-water, Mars-weapon, Mercury-by fall, Jupiter-by fever, Venus-by indigestion, Saturn-by hunger

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Sign or Navamsha belong to Aries be unoccupied: fever, poison, disorder of stomach andbiliousness. If Aries is occupied or aspected by a planet, death will be caused by disorder belonging tothat planet. (It should be considered in each sign.)

Taurus: death is caused by vitiation of three humours of the body, by weapon, or fire. Gemini: due to cough, asthma, excessive heat, colic and the like. Cancer: due to rheumatism, insanity, or diarrhoea Leo: due to boil, poison, weapon, or fever. Virgo: due to disorder of stomach, quarrel, a fall from a piece, Libra: due to own faults, fever, Scorpio: due to jaundice, enlarge spleen, Sagittarius: due to fall from a tree, wood, weapon, water. Capricorn: due to derangement of mind, plough, colic, Aquarius: animal, weapon, poison of serpent, cough, consumption, un-natural death. Pisces: serpent bite, while on journey, through storm, or machine.Place of deathThe rising Navamsha of the chart indicates place of death.

Aries-forest or where sheep and goat are abound, cow shed Taurus-forest where animal graze Gemini-residence Cancer-water resort Leo-forest, distance place Virgo-if forest, distance place Libra- market place Scorpio-uneven place in the ground Sagittarius-cowshed Capricorn-water resorts, near river, in well etc. Aquarius-residence Pisces-water resortThese are the general indications from classical books particularly from Hora Sara.

Let us apply the above principles on some charts.Case 1Dr. B.V.Raman DOB Aug 08, 1912, TOB 19:43 hrs, Bangalore. Dr. B.V.Raman the father of modernAstrology, his life was not an easy task. He died on Dec 20, 1998 after 86 years of span of life.

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The lagna lord Saturn is posited in fixed sign Taurus a friends sign in Kendra and aspected by Jupiterwho is in a kendra. The 8th lord Mercury is posited in fixed sign with malefic planet. 8th house isoccupied by Ketu a malefic planet. If we go by the method of Alpayu, Madhyayu and Poornayu, we cansay that the native will live for Alpayu. But as the lagna lord, 8 th lords 3rd lord and 10th house and 10th

lord are posited in kendra, lagna lord is aspected by Jupiter and lagna lord aspects its own lagna, so thenative lived a long life. Moreover lagna lord and 8 th lord are posited in movable sign in navamsha isgiving Poornayu. The benefic planet Venus exalted in kendra. At least two lagna should be strong. Thelagna is aspected by his own lord and Moon is posited in the sign of friend and dispositor Mars who isin Kendra in his friends sign.

Case 2ndThe native was born on Sep 26, 1913, at 21:00, at Tenali Andhra Pradesh. He is still alive 2009.

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The lagna lord Venus is posited in Kendra and aspected by Jupiter from own sign, 8 th lord Jupiter isposited in his own sign, 3rd lord Moon posited in own sign, 10th lord Saturn in lagna indicates long life.The native is plus 95 and all faculties are normal. Moon in his own sign, lagna lord in Kendra gives twostrong lagnas.

Case 3The native was born on 17-10-1977, 18:15 hrs Faridabad. He died on 17-07-1996 at the age of 19 years.

The lagna lord Mars is debilitated in Kendra, lagna is aspected by Sun in debilitation. Mars is 8th lordalso and 8th house is aspected by Gulika. The 3rd lord Mercury is posited in 6thhouse with Rahu and 2ndlord Venus, a maraka. The 10th lord Saturn is posited in 5th house in the house of enemy and hemmed inbetween Mars and Rahu. The two lagnas, birth lagna lord Mars and Sun are debilitated. Moon is positedin the sign of Jupiter, but Jupiter in 3rd is detrimental to 9th. So all the three lagna are weak. He died atthe age of 19 years.

Case 4The native was born on 23-3-1951, at 19:00, Bulandshahar UP. He died on 10-1-1996The native died at the age of 45, Madhyayu

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"The Lagna is Virgo and lagna lord Mercury is posited in 7th and is debilitated, detrimental to lagna.8th lord Mars is posited in 7th, aspecting the lagna and 10th, afflicting Moon and Sun. Retro Saturn isposited in lagna, aspecting 3rd, 7th and 10th. Saturn is 5th and 6th lord. 3rd lord Mars is again posited in7th. 2nd lord Venus is in 8th. 7th lord Jupiter is posited in 7th aspecting lagna, 3rd house which gavehim Madhyamayu. 10th lord Mercury is debilitated in 7th.It is the position of Jupiter which gave himMadhyamyu."

More cases of span of life can be given. It will only multiply the volume, but the result will be the same.The lagna and lagna lord, 8th house and 8th lord, 3rd house and 3rd lord, 10th house and 10th lord should bestrong for Poornayu. If two or three are strong it will give Madhyamyu and if are weak and afflictedAlpayu is give as span of life. There are three lagnas (Asc) in a horoscope. All three lagnas should bestrong for Poornayu (full span). The strength of two or one gives Madhyamyu (medium span). Whenall three lagna are weak it gives Alpayu (short span).

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