Synthetic cattle and Buffalo breeds

Santa Gertrudis

Modern Santa Gertrudis cattle are approximately five-eighths Shorthorn and three-eighths Brahman. A deep cherry-red color has been established in the breed

The breed shows a relatively high degree of both heat and tick resistance. Their characteristics include ease of calving, good mothering ability and abundant milk supply.

They also show very little evidence of a hump and have improved beef quality over most purebred Brahmans

Steers can be turned off at any age depending on environment and conditions, and are noted for their weight for age and ability to achieve high weight gains both on pasture and in feedlots.

Brangus

The Brangus breed was developed to utilize the superior traits of Angus and Brahman cattle. Their genetics are stabilized at 3/8 Brahman and 5/8 Angus.

The combination results in a breed which unites the traits of two highly successful parent breeds. The Brahman, through rigorous natural selection, developed disease resistance, overall hardiness and outstanding maternal instincts

Angusare known for their superior carcass qualities. They are also extremely functional females which excel in both fertility and milking ability.

Interest in developing breeds of cattle carrying some percentage of Brahman breeding for the general improvement of the commercial cattle of the United States speaks well for the apparent advantages that Bos indicus cattle have in areas of high heat and humidity.

Karan Swiss

The Karan Swiss were developed in India at the National Dairy Research Institute at Karnal. The breed was developed using Brown Swiss and Sahiwal. The percentage of Brown Swiss in the breed ranges from 1/2 to 3/4 of the breeding.

The Karan Swiss is a dual purpose breed with the oxen being well suited for work and the cows giving good quantities of milk.

High producing females will produce 5000 to 6000 kg with a 4.78% butterfat during a lactation

The breed is usually light gray to dark brown in color. Karan Swiss cows average 127 cm in height and weight in the range of 400 to 550 kg (880 - 1200 pounds).

Males will average 136 cm in height and weight from 600 to 750 kg (1300 - 1650 pounds).

Karan Fries

The Karan Fries were developed in India at the National Dairy Research Institute at Karnal.

The breed was developed using Holstein (Friesian) and Tharparkar. The percentage of Holstein in the breed ranges from 3/8 to 1/2 of the

breeding

FRIESWAL CATTLE

The main body colour of Frieswal animals, was black and white (32% cows and 34% heifers) in different proportions varying from 10 to 90%.

Skin colOti~ in majority of animals was black (53% cows and 48% heifers) followed by black and brown (36% cows and 46% helifers). The prominent colour oftail switch was white (47% cows and 35% heifers).

Most of the animals had black muzzle (90% cows and 96% heifers). Hoofcolour was black in 57% cows and 59% heifers. Adult Frieswal cows were medium (39%) to large in size (56%) with medium dewlap (87%) and small naval flap (93%).

Most ofthe animals were docile (83%). Udder was symmetrical in most ofthe cows (90%) and heifers (100%). Frieswal calves averaged 26.51 kg at birth, 66.69 kg at 3 months and 117.95 kg at 6 months of age.

The body weight of the heifers was 257 kg at 18 month and 323 kg at 24 month of age. Weight at first calving averaged 412 kg.

Body height, body length and heart girth averaged 122, 122 and 161 em in heifers; 129, 122 and 184 em in adult cows and 142, 148 and 208 cm in bulls.

Sunandini  

Sunandini is the formal name given to the composite breed of cattle evolved by crossing the nondescript cattle with exotic donor breeds (Brown Swiss, Jersey and HF) limiting the exotic inheritance to 50%.

The origin of Sunandini breed can be traced back to the import of 22 Brown Swiss bulls and 46 cows during the period from 1965 to 1967 from Switzerland. The bulls were mated to a stock of 143 nondescript cows to produce the crossbred stock.

The cross-bred female born from such matings were inseminated with frozen semen of 75% Brown Swiss bulls to produce the 62.5% crossbreds.

Originally conceived as a multipurpose breed for milk, draught and meat, the Sunandini with 62.5% exotic inheritance from Brown Swiss did change in its genetic content as well as quality to become a dairy breed in conformity with the needs and wishes of the farmers of Kerala.

American White Park

Today, American White Parks are promoted and selected as a beef breed. The breed's origin, however, is not clear.

Some think it is largely descended from the British White, a hornless, dual purpose breed from the eastern countries of England.

Others feel that the American White Park is primarily Angus in origin with some White Park breeding introduced from the breeding pairs of White Park brought in during World War II to Canada.

According to this theory the offspring of the original importation were sent to the Bronx Zoo, from there they were split into two groups.

One was sent to the King Ranch in Texas and formed the nucleus herd of the White Park in the United States.

The second groups was sent to Washington and played a part in the formation of the American White Park.

Béarnais

Most of this breed of cattle are owned by the Conservatoire des Races d'Aquitaine. The animals are older cattle, bought because of an interest in the breed

They are kept as potential producers of bulls and are either approaching, or past, 20 years of age.

A part of this herd used to spend the summer in the Pyrenees, returning to the 'Ferme Conservatoire' only for the winter.

This very special breed is still milked by some mountain farmers. They content themselves with 7 or 8 liters of a milk which is very rich but pale in color.

The cheeses (called 'tomes') they make from this milk look similar to the 'tomes' made from sheep or goat's milk (and is in fact often mixed with them).

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Beefalo

Beefalo is a species cross between Bison (buffalo) and domestic cattle of any breed.

The purpose of the species cross was to blend the outstanding qualities of the Bison with outstanding qualities of the bovine breeds of the world.

Many individuals have tried to cross the Bison and bovine but it was not until the 1960s that a major breakthrough took place.

The cross between the Bison and the domestic and exotic beef breeds resulted in the best of both species coming together to produce a superior animal.

Belmont Adaptaur

The Belmont Adaptaur was developed in Australia in the 1950s from crosses between Herefords and Shorthorns.

It is selected mainly for increased resistance to the stresses of the tropics, particularly heat and cattle ticks.

Adaptaur bulls are early maturing and medium size.

They are relatively easy care: sleek coat, well pigmented eyes and good resistance to heat, ticks and internal parasites.

Belmont Red

The Belmont Red was bred by the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization’s (CSIRO) Division of Animal Genetics near Rockhampton in Queensland, Australia.

Its genetic background is approximately 50 percent Africander, 25 percent Hereford and 25 percent Shorthorn.

while retaining the characteristics of heat and tick tolerance. Their performance has been proven in comparison trials on

research stations in Australia and Africa. The breed has been developed to improve the fertility of Bos

indicus breeds

Lithuanian Red

This breed was formed early in this century by improved feeding and management of the local Lithuanian cattle, assortative mating and mass selection and crossing with the improved breeds: Ayrshire, Angeln, Dutch, Danish Red, Swiss Brown and Shorthorn.

The crosses were selected for milk production. Most animals are of clearly defined dairy type.

Basic measurements of the pedigree cows (in cm) are as follows: withers height 126, oblique body length 157, chest width 43, chest depth 69, chest girth 188, cannon bone girth 19.

Coat color is red. The average live weight of cows is 470 kg; those in the herdbook weigh 520 kg and bulls 750 kg.

Lourdais

100 to 150 years ago, it was virtually unknown for breeds to be selected specifically for milk or meat.

Instead, you could find a multitude of regional types which were used for their milk, meat, manure and, above all, to work.

According to Laurent Avon of the 'Institut de l'Elevage ' (Institute of Animal-Rearing), the Lourdais cow was certainly the best all-rounder of all the Pyrenean breeds, with good physical proportions .

Good milk production of 20 liters a day after giving birth, without the use of special food rations.

BUFFALO BREEDSGodavari

The animals are medium-statured with compact body.

Colour is predominantly black with spare hair coat of coarse brown hairs.

The horns are short, flat, curved, slightly downwards, backwards and then forward with loose ring at the tip.

Udder is medium in size, bowl-shaped and well-paced medium-sized teats.

Milk yield is around 2050 kg in a lactation of 305 days (Kumar et al., 2004b).

Mehsana

The breeding tract of this breed is Mehsana, Sabarkantha and Banaskantha districts of Gujarat state. 

This is supposed to have been evolved out of crossbreeding between the Surti and the Murrah. 

The body is longer than in Murrah and the limbs lighter.  The head is longer and heavier. 

The horns usually are less curved at the end compared to Murrah breed but are longer and could be of irregular shape.  The udder is well shaped. 

The colour is usually are less curved at the end compared to Murrah breed but are longer and could be of irregular shape.  The udder is well shaped. 

The colour is usually black to grey, with white markings often on face, legs or tail-tips. 

The average milk yield is between 1200 to 1500 kg per lactation. 

The breed is supposed to have good persistency. 

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