12.02.2008 un commission for social development, 46th session 1 [email protected] challenges...
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12.02.2008 UN Commission for Social Development, 46th session
CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR MAINSTREAMING DISABILITY
IN THE DEVELOPMENT AGENDA
12.02.2008 UN Commission for Social Development, 46th session
Contents
• Convention Cuts Across All Sectors - And Implies Thus Mainstreaming
• Case Finland: Policy and Practice• Good Practice Examples by Partners• Lessons (to be) Learned
12.02.2008 UN Commission for Social Development, 46th session
The Convention - Some Obsevations
• Away from the charity, welfare or simple protection models to the Rights-Based Model
• Human Rights are indivisible; disability becomes a cross-cutting, systemic, societal policy issue
• This implies mainstreaming disability in all sectors• Non-discrimination + resonable accommodation
= Design-for-All (”Universal Design”)• Participation evolves toward the right to be involved• From voluntary action to be guided by a legally
binding instrument • Reporting obligation creates a need for systematic
monitoring
12.02.2008 UN Commission for Social Development, 46th session
New Development Cooperation Policy
of Finland 2007, Some Highlights• ”Eradication of poverty through economically, socially
and ecologically sustainable development”
• Comprehensive approach to development; join global interests and need for development partnership
• Cross-cutting themes: gender; social equality; rights and equal opportunties of easily excluded groups incl. people with disabilities; HIV/AIDS as a health and societal challenge
• Development partnerships between public and private sectors
12.02.2008 UN Commission for Social Development, 46th session
Finnish ”3-track” Disability and Development Policy
(2004)1. Mainstream disability in all sectors and accommodate people
with disabilities on basis of the equal & universal Human Rights approach
2. Complement universal provisions with targeted, additional support and services to equalize access and opportunities for people with disabilities
3. Empower people with disabilities collectively to help them have a stronger voice (support DPOs)
Coherence in the perspectives: Communiques of Nordic Countries’ Ministers for Development
Cooperation 2000 and 2005 Label us Able - A Proactive Evaluation of Finnish Disability
Development Cooperation from Disability Perspective (2003) Finnish Government Report on Disability (2006): all sectors
responsible EU-positions and forthcoming guideline manual on mainstreaming
12.02.2008 UN Commission for Social Development, 46th session
Disability - Specific ODA Activities
• Of the bilateral Finnish Official Development Assistance (ODA) 5% goes for disability-specific activities
• Channeled mainly through NGOs/DPOs (75%)• Disability projects by NGOs/DPOs require only 7.5%
own funding (others 15%)• But: Disability-specific activities are not
”mainstreaming”• Goverment Evaluation Unit audit concerning the
cross-cutting themes is ongoing • ? What is the responsibility of the states for
mainstreaming, can it be outsourced?
12.02.2008 UN Commission for Social Development, 46th session
Examples of Mainstreaming• Long history: support to the UN in 1990s resulted in the
”Manual on Inclusive Planning”• Support to the Word Bank to include disability aspects to
PRSP sector analyses (expetise and trust funds)• Sector-specific mainstreaming: inclusive education
initiatives (e.g Ethiopia, South Africa, the Balkans) • EFA (Education for All) flagship for inclusive education
secretariat at the Univ. of Jyväskylä• Global Partnership on Disability and Develoment
(GPDD, with Italy, Norway and the World Bank)• Disability component in the training at the Ministry• Use of DPOs as contracted expert bodies in project
appraisal - ”nothing about us without us”
12.02.2008 UN Commission for Social Development, 46th session
Examples of Good Practices by Partners• Working on Disability in Country Programmes. A DFID
practice paper (Department for International Cooperation, UK, 2007)
• Making Povery Reduction Strategies (PRSP) Inclusive - handbook and field projects by Handicap International (HI) and Christoffel-Blindenmission (CBM) in partnership with World Bank, GTZ/Germany, the Secretariat of the African Decade of Disabled Persons and the GPDD
• Ethiopian CBR - Network of 39 organizations, covering 50% of the country (CBR= Community Based Rehabilitation)
• World Bank: Social Analysis and Disability: A Guidance NoteIncorporating Disability-Inclusive Development into Bank-Supported Projects
12.02.2008 UN Commission for Social Development, 46th session
Lessons (to be) Learned • A Society for All - Disabled people as beneficiaries
- and as contributing agents of action• Two -or three- tracks: mainstreaming +
complementary targeted support + collective empowerment - for strengthen the voice of People with Disabilities
• Tools for inclusive planning and budgeting needed - and many do exist
• Awareness raising and sensitization needed in all agencies
• Including disability is itself a good practice of good policy, good governance, good planning and good implementation
• Partnerships are challenging but necessary - old ”business as usual” is not the option
12.02.2008 UN Commission for Social Development, 46th session
Conclusion
• Disability issues should be handled within the context of the main policy, plan, operation and organization of each sector - not as an after thought or an add-on
• and budgeted as part of normal and necessary costs required for acceptable quality of outcomes from the perspectives of human development, social sustainability, equity, accessibility and economic cost-effectiveness
• ”A society fit for disabled people is a good society for all.” (The Manual on Inclusive Planning)
12.02.2008 UN Commission for Social Development, 46th session
Comprehensive Social Policies for Development in a Globalizing World
There are people with disabilities in all target groupsWiman, Voipio & Ylönen (eds 2007)
12.02.2008 UN Commission for Social Development, 46th session
Reference Material (1)
• Convention (ICPRD) implementation toolkit by DPI: <http://www.icrpd.net/implementation/en/index.htm>
• Label us Able. Evaluation of Finnish Development Cooperation from the Disability Perspective. Min. for Foreign Affairs, 2003 <http://formin.finland.fi/public/download.aspx?ID=13528&GUID={C2043295-F121-4ED1-984D-B394F821C13D}>
• Wiman, R, Voipio, T, Ylönen, M (2007): Comprhensive Social Policies for Development in a Globalizing World. Ministry for Foreign Affairs. Finland <http://info.stakes.fi/ssd/EN/comprehensive/index.htm>
12.02.2008 UN Commission for Social Development, 46th session
Reference Material (2)
• Working on Disability in Country Programmes. DFID How to Note (2007) <http://www.dfid.gov.uk/pubs/files/DisguideDFID.pdf> by HI and CBM (2007)Making PRSP Inclusive.by HI and CBM (2007)<http://www.handicap-international.de/images/pdfs_multimedia/prsp_manual_eng_1.pdf>
• Wiman, R (ed): Disability Dimension in Development Action. Manual on Inclusive Planning. STAKES for the UN (1997, 2000, 2003) <http://www.un.org/esa/socdev/enable/publications/FF-DisalibilityDim0103_b1.pdf>
12.02.2008 UN Commission for Social Development, 46th session
Contact Details
Ronald WimanSenior Social Development Advisor
KEO-12/ Department for Development PolicyMinistry for Foreign Affairs
Katajanokanlaituri 3P.O.Box 176; FIN-00161 Helsinki, Finland
Tel: +358-9-1605559; GSM: +358-40-556 4812e-mail: [email protected]
Disability and Development site: http://info.stakes.fi/ssd/EN/index.htm
GPDD- Site on Disability and Poverty Reduction:http://info.stakes.fi/ssd/EN/disabilityandpoverty/
index.htm