12 bleeding and shock
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/14/2019 12 Bleeding and Shock
1/22
12-1
Bleeding and
Shock
Lesson 12
-
8/14/2019 12 Bleeding and Shock
2/22
12-2
Bleeding
External or internal
bleeding common
with trauma
patients
Control bleeding
quickly to prevent
shock
-
8/14/2019 12 Bleeding and Shock
3/22
12-3
Bleeding, continued
Risk of infectious disease from contact with thepatients blood or body fluids
Follow standard precautions
Serious injury may prevent effective clotting Significant blood loss will cause shock and
possibly death
-
8/14/2019 12 Bleeding and Shock
4/22
Types of External Bleeding
-
8/14/2019 12 Bleeding and Shock
5/22
12-5
Assessing External Bleeding
Perform the standard assessment
Estimate severity of blood loss
Assess the patient for shock
-
8/14/2019 12 Bleeding and Shock
6/22
12-6
Skill:Bleeding Control
-
8/14/2019 12 Bleeding and Shock
7/22
12-7
Place sterile dressing on
wound.
Apply direct pressure
with hand.
-
8/14/2019 12 Bleeding and Shock
8/22
12-8
If needed, put another
dressing on top of first.
-
8/14/2019 12 Bleeding and Shock
9/22
-
8/14/2019 12 Bleeding and Shock
10/22
12-10
Tourniquet
Used rarely as an extreme last resort
A life or limb decision
Use a wide band just above the wound; tighten
only enough to stop bleeding
Record time of application
Once applied, do not loosen or remove
Do not cover
-
8/14/2019 12 Bleeding and Shock
11/22
-
8/14/2019 12 Bleeding and Shock
12/22
12-12
Internal Bleeding
Commonly occurs with blunt trauma
Suspect based on the mechanism of injury
Bleeding is concealed
Causes shock and is life threatening
Cannot control internal bleeding
-
8/14/2019 12 Bleeding and Shock
13/22
12-13
Signs and Symptoms of Internal
Bleeding Discolored, tender, swollen or hard skin, rigid
abdomen
Absence of distal pulse
Increased respiratory and pulse rates Pale, cool, moist skin
Nausea and vomiting
Thirst
Mental status changes
Bleeding from body orifices
-
8/14/2019 12 Bleeding and Shock
14/22
12-14
Care for Internal Bleeding
Perform standard patient care
Manage any external bleeding
Keep patient in a position of comfort
Keep patient warm Limit movement of a deformed extremity
Treat for shock
Administer high-flow oxygen
-
8/14/2019 12 Bleeding and Shock
15/22
12-15
Shock
-
8/14/2019 12 Bleeding and Shock
16/22
12-16
-
8/14/2019 12 Bleeding and Shock
17/22
12-17
Shock (Hypoperfusion)
Results from the inadequate delivery of
oxygenated blood to body tissues
May result from any condition involving:
Failure of the heart to provide oxygenated
blood (pump failure)
Abnormal dilation of the vessels (pipe failure)
Blood volume loss (fluid failure)
-
8/14/2019 12 Bleeding and Shock
18/22
12-18
Causes of Shock
Severe bleeding
Severe burns
Heart failure
Heart attack
Head or spinal
injuries
Allergic reactions
Dehydration
Electrocution
Serious infection
Extreme emotional
reactions
(temporary/less
dangerous)
-
8/14/2019 12 Bleeding and Shock
19/22
12-19
Signs and Symptoms of Shock
Restlessness, anxiety
Extreme thirst
Rapid, weak pulse
Rapid, shallowrespirations
Mental status changes
Pale, cool, moist skin
Decreased blood
pressure (late sign)
-
8/14/2019 12 Bleeding and Shock
20/22
12-20
Emergency Care for Shock
Perform standard patient care
Prevent further blood loss
Put patient in shock position
-
8/14/2019 12 Bleeding and Shock
21/22
12-21
Have patient lie onback and raise legs 8
12 inches
Loosen any tightclothing
Maintain normal body
temperature
-
8/14/2019 12 Bleeding and Shock
22/22
Care for Shockcontinued
Do not give the patient anything to eat or drink.
Provide care for specific injuries.
Administer high-flow oxygen if available
Monitor the patients breathing and vital signs every 5minutes