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2004 Automotive News 2004 Automotive News World CongressWorld Congress

2004 Automotive News 2004 Automotive News World CongressWorld Congress

Powertrains of the FuturePowertrains of the FuturePowertrains of the FuturePowertrains of the Future

Dr. Fritz IndraDr. Fritz IndraExecutive Director GM Powertrain Advanced EngineeringExecutive Director GM Powertrain Advanced Engineering

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Increased Vehicle

Fuel Economy

ReducedVehicle

Emissions

Near-Term

Mid-Term

Long-Term

Today

Hybrid ElectricVehicles

IncrementalInternal Combustion Engine

and Transmission Improvements

Hydrogen Fuel Cell

HydrogenInfrastructure

GM Technology StrategyGM Technology Strategy

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Gasoline Engine TechnologyGasoline Engine Technology

Higher levels of fuel economy, power and torque ¶ Required power density of 60

hp/liter-naturally aspirated and 100 hp/liter turbocharged

¶ Spark ignition direct-injection (SIDI) gasoline engines

¶ Cam phasers & variable induction tuning

¶ OHV– DOD for V-6/V-8 engines– 3 valves per cylinder

¶ DOHC 4V– 2-step valvetrain– Port deactivation

¶ Turbocharging and supercharging– Turbocharging w/direct injection

By 2007, GM will equip more than 2.5 million engines a year with

variable valve timing

By 2008, GM will equip more than 2 million

vehicles annually with Displacementon Demand

By 2006, GM will have manufactured more than

one million engines featuring port deactivation

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GasolineGasoline Engine TechnologyGasolineGasoline Engine Technology

Emission reductions¶ Advanced control system

algorithms– Model-based

¶ Improved combustion ¶ Close couple catalytic

converters¶ Exhaust manifold

integrated in the cylinder head

¶ Active intake manifold on OHV engines

¶ Turbocharger integrated in the exhaust manifold

¶ E85 alternative fuel

Since 1960, GM has reduced NOx, CO, and HC

emissions by more than 96 percent

Driving an H2 for 3,000 miles emits less NOx, HC

than operating a snowmobile for one hour

GM produces more thanone-third of all E85 flexible fuel vehicles on the road in

the U.S.

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Diesel Engine TechnologyDiesel Engine Technology

Increased power and torque with reduced emissions and NVH¶ Required power density of

more than 80 hp/liter– Increased maximum

cylinder pressure (P-max)– Reduced compression

ratio – Common rail fuel system

improvements• High pressure• Pilot/post injection

– Advanced turbocharging systems

GM has capacity to produces 1.9M diesels annually on 25 models

globally

Since 2001, GM heavy duty diesel pickup market share in N.

America has increased from 2% to 29% with Duramax

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Diesel Engine TechnologyDiesel Engine Technology

Emission reductions – especially particulatesand NOx¶ Euro IV and beyond

– Low temperature combustion for NOx reduction

– Diesel particulate filter

– NOx aftertreatment (traps/catalyst)

The new 2004 Duramax diesel will emit nearly 40 percent less NOx and 10 percent less particulate

emissions

GM to offer maintenance-free diesel particulate filters in

2004

First OEM to meet Euro IV emissions requirements with 2003 Opel Astra 1.7L Circle L

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3%

26%

39%

47%

58%

67%71%

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

Austria France Spain Italy Germany UK US

3%

26%

39%

47%

58%

67%71%

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

Austria France Spain Italy Germany UK US

FuFuel Costs and Taxesel Costs and TaxesTax policy influences powertrain technology strategiesTax policy influences powertrain technology strategies

Sources: US Department of Energy Report, October 2003; Association of European Automobile Manufacturers, April 2003;Automotive Fleet Magazine, November 2003

Fuel Pri

ce (

Dolla

rs/G

allo

n)

Fuel Pri

ce (

Dolla

rs/G

allo

n)

Gasoline BaseGasoline Base Gasoline TaxGasoline Tax

Diesel BaseDiesel Base Diesel TaxDiesel Tax

Diesel PenetrationDiesel Penetration

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Transmission TechnologyTransmission Technology

Planetary stepped gear automatics for improved performance and fuel economy¶ 6-speed families (FWD and

RWD)

Stepped gear manual transmissions for improved fuel economy ¶ Manual transmission automated

(MTA) ¶ Dual clutch transmission (DCT)

CVT for improved fuel economy and performance on Ecotec 4-cylinder

GM begins production of 6-

speed transmissions in 2005 for 2006 MY

vehicles

GM will produce nearly one million

six-speed transmissions

annually by 2008

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GM Hybrid Portfolio EvolutionGM Hybrid Portfolio Evolution

2003 GM Allison up to 60%

Hybrid Bus System2003/2004 FAS Full-size truck 10-12%2006 BAS/CVT VUE 12-15%2007 BAS/CVT Malibu 12-15%2007 AHS II Full-size SUV 25-35%2008 AHS II Full-size truck 25-35%

Offering a new, scalable strong hybrid architecture

NET: Three hybrid systems12 modelsPotential for one million vehicles by 2007

Year Vehicle Fuel Economy Improvement

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Orange County, CA (2)

Portland, OR (2)

Philadelphia,PA(12)

Houston, TX (4)

Austin, TX (2)

St. Paul, MN (3)

Seattle,WA (235)

New Jersey (4)

Hartford, CT (2)

Salt Lake City, UT (3)

13,000 buses in the nation’s nine largest cities could save

40 million gallons of fuel per year

Build and deliver more than 250 GM Allison hybrid electric drives by December 2004

GM Allison EGM Allison EPP40/50 Hybrid System40/50 Hybrid System

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ConclusionConclusion

GM has a single, integrated propulsion strategy with near-, mid- and long-term technologies

GM is delivering its near term strategy¶ Reducing fuel consumption and emissions

on millions of vehicles world-wide¶ GM leads in truck fuel economy with best

fuel economy in 36 of 82 models

GM has strengthened and is delivering its mid-term strategy ¶ New hybrid technology will provide even

greater fuel savings in the largest fuel consuming vehicles