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Industrial symbiosis development – the role of different actors and

companies

Mats Eklund

Professor, Environmental Technology and Management

Linköping University

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Industrial symbiosis – changes in connectedness

Industrial activities in an organisation

Inputs Output

Output

Outpu

t

Input

Organisation

Organisation

Studies of processes where materials, water, energy and information is transferred between organisations aiming at developing their activities and relations.

By-product exchange

Main product

Utilities cooperation

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Key actors/functions for development of industrial symbiosis (based on a literature study at Linköping University by Baumgarten and Nilsson, 2014)

• Champions• Coordinators• Physical anchors• Institutional anchors• Brokers • Orchestrators• Decomposers• Scavengers

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Champions

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Coordinators

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Physical and institutional anchors

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Brokers andorchestrators

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Scavengers and Decomposers

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Champions Coordinators Physical anchors Institutional anchors

Socially competent actor with local roots

Develop social relations Adress social barriers

Actors representing private and/or public sector

Coordinate development of a specific area

Important in early stages of development

Adress economic, social, technical and informational barriers

Actors controlling large flows

Attracts other actors to establish in the area

Important in early stages of development

Adress economical and techncal barriers

Actors representing public sector

Supply knowledge and support

Important in early stages of development

Adress social, informational and barriers related to policy instruments

Brokers Orchestrators Decomposers Scavengers

Actor with a function as intermediary between other actors

Mediate information och material resources

Adress ekonomical, social, technical and informational barriers

Actor with a function as intermediary and coordinator in a network of actors

Mediate information och material resources

Adress ekonomical, social, technical and informational barriers

Actor involved in recycling processes of single flows

Close material flows Adress ekonomical,

social, technical barriers

Actor involved in collection of single flows

Close material flows Adress ekonomical,

social, technical barriers

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Råvarer til biogasanlægAlternative råstofferFaste biobrændslerGødning og foder

• New Eco-Industrial Parks• Eco-Industrial Retrofit for

Existing Industrial Parks • Municipal and Regional EIN

Strategies• Wastewater assessments• Eco-Industrial Policy &

Planning• Community Energy Planning• Eco-Efficiency Assessments

and Eco-Industrial Audits

Alternative brændsler

"no cure - no pay" basis in exchange for an agreement on our exclusive right to trade the industrial waste products

Industrial symbiosis in municipalities

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What is an industrial symbiosis company?

• Expert European survey resulted in a list of 56 companies that were suggested to facilitate industrial symbiosis through their activities

• They could be categorized in six categories–Knowledge companies–Network coordinators– Industrial park coordinators–Recycling companies– Infrastructure companies–Process industries

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Knowledge companies

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Network coordinators

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Industrial park coordinators

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Recycling companies

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Infrastructure companies

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Process industries

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Knowledge companies Network coordinators Industrial park coordinators

Investigate and study Add knowledge Acts locally

Coordinate collaboration Add knowledge Acts on a regional level

Coordinate collaboration Add knowledge and handle

flows Acts locally

Recycling company Infrastructure company Process industry

Broker, intermediary Handle solid materials Acts on a regional level

Broker, intermediary Handle liquids and gases Acts locally

Acts as a junction Control large flows Acts locally

Knowledge - preparing

Resource handling - delivering

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Knowledge and action

Preparing

Delivering

Time

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• What functions do you have represented in your contexts?1. Champions2. Coordinators3. Physical anchors4. Institutional anchors5. Brokers 6. Orchestrators7. Decomposers8. Scavengers

• What kind of companies do you have represented in your contexts?1. Knowledge companies2. Network coordinators3. Industrial park coordinators4. Recycling companies5. Infrastructure companies6. Process industries