10/30/2019 steering system - diagnosis and testing • 2009 ......b227b steering shaft position...

10/30/2019 Steering System - Diagnosis and Testing • 2009 Ford Escape Hybrid • MotoLogic

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Principles of OperationElectronic Power Assist Steering (EPAS)Power Steering Control Module (PSCM)Power Steering MotorSteering SensorElectronic Power Assist Steering (EPAS) Column Assembly InitializationElectronic Power Assist Steering (EPAS) Column Assembly ConfigurationSteering Wheel Position Sensor CalibrationInspection and VerificationDTC ChartSteering System Symptom DefinitionsSymptom Chart — Steering SystemSymptom Chart — NVHPinpoint TestsComponent TestsSteering LinkageSteering Column Torsion Bar Test

SECTION 211-00: Steering System 2009 Escape/Mariner/Escape Hybrid/Mariner Hybrid Workshop Manual

DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING Procedure revision date: 01/26/2010

Steering System

Special Tool(s)

Fluke 77-IV Digital MultimeterFLU77-4 or equivalent

Flex Probe Kit300-NUD105-R025DE or equivalent

Tie-Rod End Remover211-001 (TOOL-3290-D)

Vehicle Communication Module (VCM) and Integrated Diagnostic System (IDS)software with appropriate hardware, or equivalent scan tool

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Principles of Operation

Electronic Power Assist Steering (EPAS)

The Electronic Power Assist Steering (EPAS) system provides power steering assist to the driver by replacing the conventionalhydraulic valve system with an electric motor coupled to the steering shaft. The motor is controlled by the Power SteeringControl Module (PSCM) that senses the steering effort through the use of a torque sensor mounted between the steeringcolumn shaft and the steering gear. Steering assist is provided in proportion to the steering input effort and vehicle speed.

The EPAS system requires a 12-volt, hot at all times feed for system operation. The PSCM is activated when power is appliedto the hardwired ignition/run input. After activation, the PSCM monitors the High Speed Controller Area Network (HS-CAN) busto determine if the vehicle is operating in a manner capable of supporting the EPAS system.

The vehicle speed, which is sent by the PCM over the HS-CAN bus, provides the necessary information to the EPAS todetermine the amount or level of power assist. As vehicle speed increases, the amount of power assist provided by the systemis reduced to improve and enhance road feel at the steering wheel. If the vehicle speed is missing or out of range, the PSCMdefaults to a reduced level of assist. If the vehicle speed returns to the correct in-range values, the PSCM adjusts the steeringassist level accordingly.

Low battery and/or charging system voltage or a charging system DTC being present may cause the PSCM to enter into alimited operation mode resulting in uneven steering assist or a lack of steering assist. This limited operation mode feature isbuilt into the PSCM to allow the safe, continued operation of the vehicle in the event of an EPAS concern. A DTC may or maynot be present when the PSCM is operating in limited operation mode. Additionally, overheating the steering system may causethe PSCM to go into the limited operation mode, this is in order to protect the electronic components from overheating.

Power Steering Control Module (PSCM)

The PSCM manages the EPAS system. The PSCM receives vehicle speed information from the PCM via the HS-CAN bus, themodule also receives information from the steering shaft torque sensor to determine the amount of assist that is needed. Atlower speeds, the control module will provide greater assist. At higher speeds, the control module will provide less assist. ThePSCM is part of the steering column and is not serviceable separately.

The PSCM is self-monitoring and has the capability of setting and storing DTCs. Depending on the DTC set, the control modulewill enter into a "safe mode" and will provide a set amount of assist to the EPAS system.

Power Steering Motor

The EPAS system uses a 12-volt brushless reversible motor to control the steering effort. The motor is connected to thesteering shaft through a worm gear and a reduction gear on the steering column. The motor is part of the steering column



assembly and is not serviceable separately.

Steering Sensor

The steering sensor provides the PSCM with information on the direction, speed and amount of force being applied to thesteering wheel. The module uses this information to determine the amount of steering assist required. The sensor is a 5-voltdual analog sensor with an output voltage range of 0.25 volt to 4.75 volts. When the steering wheel is turned to the left, the leftsignal increases while the right signal decreases, likewise when the steering wheel is turned to the right, the right signalincreases while the left signal decreases.

Electronic Power Assist Steering (EPAS) Column Assembly Initialization

After installing a new EPAS steering column assembly, the steering column assembly must be configured and the steeringwheel position sensor must be calibrated. Refer to Steering Wheel Position Sensor Calibration in this section.

Electronic Power Assist Steering (EPAS) Column Assembly Configuration

Refer to Programmable Module Installation (PMI) in Section 418-01.

Steering Wheel Position Sensor Calibration

1. Place the vehicle on a flat level surface with the transmission in PARK.

NOTE: Make sure that the steering wheel is turned from right to left before centering or sensor calibration will fail.

2. Rotate the steering wheel from right to left, center the steering wheel and remove hands from the wheel.

3. Connect the scan tool to the vehicle.

4. Turn the ignition key to the RUN position.

5. Using the scan tool, select steering wheel position sensor calibration and follow the scan tool instructions.

6. Clear any PSCM DTCs.

7. NOTE: After turning the ignition key to the OFF position, wait at least 25 seconds before carrying out any proceduresthat require the battery to be disconnected or module memory loss may occur.

Turn the ignition key to the OFF position.

8. Road test the vehicle. If the steering wheel is not in the straight ahead position while driving on a flat road surface,check and adjust the alignment as necessary. Refer to Section 204-00.

Inspection and Verification

1. Verify the customer concern.

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2. Visually inspect for obvious signs of mechanical or electrical damage.

Visual Inspection Chart

Mechanical Electrical

Binding or misaligned steering columnLoose steering column shaft boltsSteering column shaft coupling/U-jointsSteering gearSuspension componentsTie-rod endsTire pressureTires

Battery Junction Box (BJB) 80A MIDI (WH) fusePCMPower Steering Control Module (PSCM)Smart Junction Box (SJB) fuse 35 (10A)SJBWiring, terminals or connectors

3. If an obvious cause for on observed or reported concern is found, correct the cause (if possible) before proceeding tothe next step.

4. NOTE: Make sure to use the latest scan tool software release.

If the cause is not visually evident, connect the scan tool to the Data Link Connector (DLC).

5. NOTE: The Vehicle Communication Module (VCM) LED prove out confirms power and ground from the DLC areprovided to the VCM.

If the scan tool does not communicate with the VCM:check the VCM connection to the vehicle.

check the scan tool connection to the VCM.

refer to Section 418-00, No Power To The Scan Tool, to diagnose no power to the scan tool.

6. If the scan tool does not communicate with the vehicle:verify the ignition key is in the ON position.

verify the scan tool operation with a known good vehicle.

refer to Section 418-00 to diagnose no response from the PCM.

7. Carry out the network test.If the scan tool responds with no communication for one or more modules, refer to Section 418-00.

If the network test passes, retrieve and record continuous memory DTCs.

8. Clear the continuous DTCs and carry out the self-test diagnostics for the PSCM.

9. If the DTCs retrieved are related to the concern, go to the Power Steering Control Module (PSCM) DTC Chart. Forall other DTCs, refer to Section 419-10.

10. If no DTCs related to the concern are retrieved, GO to Symptom Chart - Steering System or GO to Symptom Chart -NVH.

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DTC Chart

Power Steering Control Module (PSCM) DTC Chart

DTCs Description Action

B1317 Battery VoltageHigh

GO to Pinpoint Test A.

B1318 Battery VoltageLow

GO to Pinpoint Test A.

B1342 ECU is Faulted INSTALL a new steering column. REFER to Section 211-04.

B2277 Electric PowerSteering MotorMalfunction

INSTALL a new steering column. REFER to Section 211-04.

B2278 Steering ShaftTorque SensorMalfunction


B2477 ModuleConfigurationFailure

CONFIGURE the PSCM. REFER to Programmable Module Installation (PMI) in Section 418-01.CALIBRATE the steering wheel position sensor. REFER to Steering Wheel Position SensorCalibration in this section. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. If DTC B2477 is retrievedagain, INSTALL a new steering column. REFER to Section 211-04. REPEAT the self-test.

B227B Steering ShaftPositionSensorMalfunction


C2000 Steering AngleSensor NotCalibrated

CALIBRATE the steering wheel position sensor, REFER to Steering Wheel Position SensorCalibration in this section. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. If DTC C2000 is retrievedagain, INSTALL a new steering column. REFER to Section 211-04. REPEAT the self-test.

U0100 LostCommunicationWith ECM/PCM

REPAIR all other DTCs first. If DTC U0100 is still present, REFER to Section 418-00 to diagnosethe High Speed Controller Area Network (HS-CAN) bus.

U0101 LostCommunicationWith TCM

REPAIR all other DTCs first. If DTC U0101 is still present, REFER to Section 418-00 to diagnosethe HS-CAN bus.

U0155 LostCommunicationWithInstrumentPanel Cluster

REPAIR all other DTCs first. If DTC U0155 is still present, REFER to Section 418-00 to diagnosethe HS-CAN bus.

U2023 Fault ReceivedFrom ExternalNode

One or more modules are reporting a DTC. RETRIEVE DTCs from all other modules. REFER tothe module's respective section for diagnosis. If no DTCs are present, REFER to Section 418-00 todiagnose the HS-CAN bus.

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Steering System Symptom Definitions

Drift/Pull

Pull is described as a tugging sensation, felt by the hands on the steering wheel, that must be overcome to keep the vehiclegoing straight.

Drift describes what a vehicle with this condition does with the hands off the steering wheel.

A vehicle-related drift/pull, on a flat road, can cause a consistent deviation from the straight-ahead path and requireconstant steering input in the opposite direction to counteract the effect.Drift/pull can be induced by conditions external to the vehicle (for example, wind or road camber).

Excessive Steering Wheel Play

Excessive steering wheel play is a condition in which there is too much steering wheel movement before the wheels move. Asmall amount of steering wheel free play is considered normal.

Lack of Assist or Inconsistent Assist

Lack of assist or inconsistent assist is experienced when the steering wheel effort is higher than normal. Hard steering canremain constant through the full turn or occur near the end of a turn. It is important to know the difference between hardsteering/inconsistent assist and poor returnability/sticky steering.

Hard steering or lack of assist can result from either electrical or mechanical conditions.

Poor Returnability/Sticky Steering

Poor returnability and sticky steering is used to describe the poor return of the steering wheel to center after a turn or thesteering correction, is completed.

Shimmy

Shimmy, as observed by the driver, is large, consistent, rotational oscillations of the steering wheel resulting from large, side-to-side (lateral) tire/wheel movements.

Shimmy is usually experienced near 64 km/h (40 mph), and can begin or be amplified when the tire contacts pot holes orirregularities in the road surface.

Wander

Wander is the tendency of the vehicle to require frequent, random left and right steering wheel corrections to maintain astraight path down a level road.

Symptom Chart — Steering System

Symptom Chart — Steering System

Condition Possible Sources Action



No communication with thePower Steering Control Module(PSCM)

Wiring, terminals orconnectorsFuse(s)PSCM

REFER to Section 418-00 todiagnose the no communicationproblem.

Excessive steering wheel play Steering column shaft/U-jointsSteering linkageSteering gear

GO to Pinpoint Test B.

Steering system drift/pull/wander Steering column shaft/U-jointsSteering columnSteering gear mountsSteering column torsionbar

GO to Pinpoint Test C.

Poor returnability/sticky steering Binding lower steeringcolumn shaft coupling/U-jointsLoose, worn ordamaged steeringlinkageBinding suspensioncomponentsBinding steering gearBinding steering columnbearing(s)Binding steering columnshaft dash panel sealSteering wheel positionsensor not calibratedAlignments/suspension

GO to Pinpoint Test D.

Lack of assist or inconsistentassist

Suspension componentsSteering componentsWiring terminals orconnectorsLow battery/chargingsystem voltage

GO to Pinpoint Test D.

Symptom Chart — NVH

Symptom Chart — NVH




NOTE: NVH symptoms should be identified using the diagnostic tools that are available. For a list of these tools, anexplanation of their uses and a glossary of common terms, refer to Section 100-04. Since it is possible any one of multiplesystems may be the cause of a symptom, it may be necessary to use a process of elimination type of diagnostic approach topinpoint the responsible system. If this is not the causal system for the symptom, refer back to Section 100-04 for the nextlikely system and continue diagnosis.

Condition Possible Sources Action

Steering gear clunk — occurs only while corneringover a bump (can be temperature sensitive)

Steering gearinsulators ormountingbolts loose ordamaged

TIGHTEN the bolts tospecification or INSTALLnew bolts as necessary.REFER to Section 211-02.

Feedback (rattle, chuckle or knocking noise) —roughness is felt in the steering wheel when thevehicle is driven over rough surfaces

Steeringcolumnshaft/couplingbolts areloose

TIGHTEN the bolts tospecification. REFER toSection 211-04.

Steeringcolumnshaft/couplingjointsdamaged orworn

INSTALL a new steeringcolumn shaft. REFER toSection 211-04.

Loose,damaged orworn tie-rodends

INSPECT and INSTALLnew tie-rod ends asnecessary. GO to SteeringLinkage Component Test inthis section.

Steering gearinsulators ormountingbolts loose ordamaged

TIGHTEN the bolts tospecification or INSTALLnew bolts as necessary.REFER to Section 211-02.

Steering column squeaks, clicks or grinds Loose ormisalignedsteeringcolumnshroudsSteeringwheelrubbingagainst

TIGHTEN the steeringcolumn shroud screws orALIGN the steering columnshrouds.

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steeringcolumnshrouds

NOTE: Some amount of noise from the ElectronicPower Assist Steering (EPAS) column isconsidered acceptable. If in doubt of theacceptability, compare to another vehicle.

Hiss or whistle while turning the steering wheel

Grounded orloosesteeringcolumn shaftdash panelseal

REPAIR or INSTALL a newdash panel seal asnecessary. REFER toSteering Column Shaft inSection 211-04.

Shimmy Loose, wornor damagedtie rod

GO to Steering LinkageComponent Test in thissection.

Pinpoint Tests

Pinpoint Test A: DTCs B1317 and B1318

Refer to Wiring Diagrams Cell 43 (Escape/Mariner, Escape Hybrid/Mariner Hybrid), Power Steering Controls for schematic andconnector information.

Normal Operation

The voltage required for correct Electronic Power Assist Steering (EPAS) system operation is 11-16 volts. Above or below thatvoltage range, DTC B1317 (battery voltage high) or DTC B1318 (battery voltage low) will be set.

Fused ignition voltage for the EPAS system is supplied to the control module by Smart Junction Box (SJB) fuse 35 (10A) alongcircuit CBP35 (YE/GY). Fused battery voltage for the power steering motor is supplied to the Power Steering Control Module(PSCM) by Battery Junction Box (BJB) 80A MIDI (WH) fuse along circuit SBB01 (RD). Ground for the PSCM is provided alongcircuit GD116 (BK/VT).

DTC B1317 (Battery Voltage High) — When the battery or charging system voltage exceeds 16 volts for more than1000 ms, DTC B1317 will be set.DTC B1318 (Battery Voltage Low) — When the battery or charging system voltage drops below 9 volts for more than4000 ms, DTC B1318 will be set.These DTCs may also result in a reduced amount of steering assist.

This pinpoint test is intended to diagnose the following:Wiring, terminals or connectorsCharging systemPSCM

PINPOINT TEST A: DTCs B1317 AND B1318


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NOTICE: Use the Flex Probe Kit for all test connections to prevent damage to the wiring terminals. Do not usestandard multi-meter probes.

NOTE: DTCs B1317, B1318 or B1676 can be set if the vehicle has been recently jump started, the battery has been recentlycharged or the battery has been discharged. The battery may become discharged due to excessive load(s) on the chargingsystem from aftermarket accessories or if the battery has been left unattended with the accessories on.

NOTE: Carry out a thorough inspection and verification before proceeding with the pinpoint test. Refer to Inspection andVerification in this section.

Test Step Result / Action to Take

A1 RETRIEVE ALL CMDTCs IN ALL MODULES

Ignition ON.Enter the following diagnostic mode on the scan tool: Self-test — All CMDTCs.Is B1317, B1318 or B1676 present in one or moremodules AND is P0563, P0620, P0625, P0626 or P065Bpresent in the PCM?

YesREFER to Section 414-00 for diagnosis of the batteryand charging system.

NoGO to A2.

A2 CHECK BATTERY CONDITION

Ignition OFF.Refer to Section 414-01 and carry out the Battery —Condition TestDoes the battery pass the condition test?

YesIf the battery passed the condition test but required arecharge, REFER to Section 414-00 to diagnose thecharging system. CLEAR all Continuous MemoryDiagnostic Trouble Codes (CMDTCs). TEST thesystem for normal operation.

If the battery passed the condition test and did notrequire a recharge, GO to A3.

NoINSTALL a new battery. CLEAR all CMDTCs. TESTthe system for normal operation.

A3 CHECK THE CHARGING SYSTEM VOLTAGE

NOTE: Do not allow the engine rpm to increase above2,000 rpm while performing this step or the generator mayself excite and result in default charging system outputvoltage. If engine rpm has gone above 2,000 rpm, shut thevehicle OFF and restart the engine before performing thisstep.

Start the engine.Measure the voltage of the battery:

For DTC B1317, turn off all accessories and runthe engine at 1,500 rpm for a minimum of 2minutes.

YesFor DTC B1318, GO to A4.

For DTC B1317, GO to A7.

NoREFER to Section 414-00 to diagnose the chargingsystem. CLEAR all CMDTCs. TEST the system fornormal operation.

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For DTC B1318, turn on headlights and HVAC fanon high and run engine at 1,500 rpm for aminimum of 2 minutes.

Is the battery voltage between 13-15.2 volts?

A4 CHECK FOR IGNITION VOLTAGE AT THE PSCM

Ignition OFF.Disconnect: PSCM C2231A.Ignition ON.Measure the voltage between PSCM C2231A-1, circuitCBP35 (YE/GY), harness side and ground.

Is the voltage greater than 11 volts?

YesGO to A5.

NoVERIFY SJB fuse 35 (10A) is OK. If OK, REPAIRcircuit CBP35 (YE/GY). If not OK, REFER to theWiring Diagrams manual to identify the possiblecauses of the circuit short. CLEAR the DTCs.REPEAT the self-test.

A5 CHECK FOR BATTERY VOLTAGE AT THE PSCM

Ignition OFF.Disconnect: PSCM C2231B.Measure the voltage between PSCM C2231B-1, circuitSBB01 (RD), harness side and ground.

YesGO to A6.

NoVERIFY BJB 80A MIDI (WH) fuse is OK. If OK,REPAIR circuit SBB01 (RD). If not OK, REFER to theWiring Diagrams manual to identify the possiblecauses of the circuit short. CLEAR the DTCs.REPEAT the self-test.



Is the voltage greater than 11 volts?

A6 CHECK THE PSCM GROUND CIRCUIT FOR AN OPEN

Measure the resistance between PSCM C2231B-2, circuitGD116 (BK/VT), harness side and ground.

Is the resistance less than 5 ohms?

YesGO to A7.

NoREPAIR circuit GD116 (BK/VT). CLEAR the DTCs.REPEAT the self-test.

A7 CHECK THE PSCM OPERATION

Disconnect the PSCM connectors.Check the connectors for:

corrosion.

pushed-out pins.

spread terminals.

Connect the PSCM connectors and make sure that they areseated correctly.Operate the system and verify the concern is still present.Is the concern still present?

YesINSTALL a new steering column. REFER to Section211-04. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.

NoThe system is operating correctly at this time. Theconcern may have been caused by a loose orcorroded connector. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT theself-test.

Pinpoint Test B: Excessive Steering Wheel Play

This pinpoint test is intended to diagnose the following:Steering column shaft U-jointsSteering linkageSteering gear




PINPOINT TEST B: EXCESSIVE STEERING WHEEL PLAY


B1 CHECK THE STEERING LINKAGE

Carry out the Steering LinkageComponent Test in this section.Is the steering linkage OK?

YesGO to B2.

NoINSTALL new steering linkage components as necessary. Refer to theappropriate section in Group 211 for the procedure.

B2 CHECK THE STEERING COLUMN SHAFT

Inspect the steering column shaft U-joints and fasteners for looseness.Are the U-joints and fasteners OK?

YesINSTALL a new steering gear as necessary. REFER to Section 211-02.

NoTIGHTEN the steering column shaft fasteners or INSTALL a new steeringcolumn shaft. REFER to Section 211-04.

Pinpoint Test C: Steering System Drift/Pull/Wander

This pinpoint test is intended to diagnose the following:Steering column shaftSteering gearSteering gear mountsSteering column shaft U-jointsSteering column torsion bar

PINPOINT TEST C: STEERING SYSTEM DRIFT/PULL/WANDER


C1 CHECK THE STEERING COLUMN SHAFT

NOTE: Be sure to keep the clockspring centered whendisconnecting the intermediate shaft. Refer to Section 501-20B.Check the steering column and shaft for grounding.Disconnect the steering column shaft at the steering column.Inspect the steering column shaft U-joints for looseness or wear.Are the steering column shaft U-joints OK?

YesGO to C2.

NoINSTALL new steering column shaft asnecessary. REFER to Section 211-04.

C2 CHECK THE STEERING GEAR MOUNTING

Check the steering gear mounts for looseness or wear.Are the steering gear mounts OK?

YesGO to C3.

No

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INSTALL a new steering gear as necessary.REFER to Section 211-02.

C3 CHECK THE STEERING GEAR

Carry out the Steering Column Torsion Bar Test in this section.Is the steering column OK?

YesREFER to Section 204-00 to diagnosesuspension system drift/pull/wander.

NoINSTALL a new steering gear as necessary.REFER to Section 211-02.

Pinpoint Test D: Poor Returnability/Sticky Steering and Steering Has a Lack of Assist or Inconsistent Assist

Refer to Wiring Diagrams Cell 43 (Escape/Mariner, Escape Hybrid/Mariner Hybrid), Power Steering Controls for schematic andconnector information.

Normal Operation

With a fully charged battery and the ignition in the ON position, the Electronic Power Assist Steering (EPAS) system shouldprovide adequate assist to maneuver the vehicle and should be able to return to the straight-ahead position with little difficulty.The assist provided by the EPAS system should be smooth and consistent at all times. The steering and suspensioncomponents should be free of any binding conditions and should not interfere with the steering assist provided by the EPASsystem.

The Power Steering Control Module (PSCM) will enter into a limited operation mode that may result in a lack of assist orinconsistent assist for the following reasons:

Battery and/or charging system voltage exceeds 16 volts.The charging system warning indicator is illuminated and battery/charging system voltage falls below 11.8 volts.The charging system warning indicator is not illuminated and battery/charging system voltage falls below 10.8 volts.

The limited operation mode is a fail-safe mode that will allow the continued, safe operation of the steering system in the eventof a high/low voltage condition.

Fused ignition voltage for the EPAS system is supplied to the PSCM by Smart Junction Box (SJB) fuse 35 (10A) along circuitCBP35 (YE/GY). Fused battery voltage for the EPAS system motor is supplied to the control module by the Battery JunctionBox (BJB) 80A MIDI fuse (WH) along circuit SBB01 (RD). Ground for the control module is provided along circuit GD116(BK/VT). The PSCM communicates with the other vehicle modules along the High Speed Controller Area Network (HS-CAN)bus, circuits VDB04 (WH/BU) and VDB05 (WH).

This pinpoint test is intended to diagnose the following:Fuse(s)Wiring, terminals or connectorsVehicle battery/charging systemSteering wheel position sensor calibrationSteering components


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Suspension componentsSteering column

PINPOINT TEST D: POOR RETURNABILITY/STICKY STEERING AND STEERING HAS A LACK OF ASSIST OR INCONSISTENT ASSIST

NOTICE: Use the Flex Probe Kit for all test connections to prevent damage to the wiring terminals. Do not usestandard multi-meter probes.

NOTE: Carry out a thorough inspection and verification before proceeding with the pinpoint test. Refer to Inspection andVerification in this section.


D1 CHECK FOR CHARGING SYSTEM DTCs

Connect the scan tool.Ignition ON.Enter the following diagnostic mode on the scan tool: Self Test —PCM.Are there any charging system DTCs present?

YesREFER to the Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC)Chart in Section 419-10.

NoGO to D2.

D2 RETRIEVE ALL PSCM DTCs

Enter the following diagnostic mode on the scan tool: Self Test —PSCM.Are any DTCs present?

YesREFER to the Power Steering Control Module(PSCM) DTC Chart in this section.

NoIf the vehicle is currently exhibiting a lack ofassist or inconsistent assist, GO to D3.

If the vehicle is not currently exhibiting a lack ofassist or inconsistent assist, GO to D12.

D3 VERIFY PSCM ELECTRICAL CONNECTIONS

Disconnect: PSCM C2231A.Disconnect: PSCM C2231B.Connect: PSCM C2231A.Connect: PSCM C2231B.NOTE: The connectors should make an audible "click" noisewhen seated correctly.Make sure both connectors are seated correctly, then test drivethe vehicle and verify the concern.Is the concern still present?

YesGO to D4.

NoThe concern was caused by a loose orincorrectly connected electrical connector.RETURN the vehicle to the customer.

D4 CALIBRATE THE STEERING WHEEL POSITION SENSOR

Carry out the Steering Wheel Position Sensor Calibration in thissection.

YesThe condition was due to an incomplete orincorrect sensor calibration. TEST the system

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Drive the vehicle and confirm that the condition is no longerpresent.Has the condition been corrected?

for normal operation.

NoGO to D5.

D5 CHECK THE SUSPENSION COMPONENTS

Isolate the suspension components, check for any bindingconditions.Are the suspension components free from any bindingconditions?

YesGO to D6.

NoISOLATE the suspension component(s) that iscausing the binding. INSTALL a newcomponent(s) as necessary. REFER to Section204-01. TEST the system for normal operation.

D6 CHECK THE STEERING GEAR AND LINKAGE

Carry out the Steering Linkage Component Test in this section.Isolate the steering gear and linkage, check for any bindingconditions.Are the steering gear and linkage free from any bindingconditions?

YesGO to D7.

NoISOLATE the component(s) that is causing thebinding. INSTALL a new component(s) asnecessary. REFER to Section 211-02 or Section211-03. TEST the system for normal operation.

D7 CHECK THE STEERING COLUMN SHAFT AND DASH SEAL

Isolate the steering column shaft and dash seal, check for anybinding conditions.Are the shaft and seal free from any binding conditions?

YesGO to D8.

NoISOLATE the component(s) that is causing thebinding. INSTALL a new component(s) asnecessary. REFER to Steering Column Shaft inSection 211-04. TEST the system for normaloperation.

D8 CHECK THE CHARGING SYSTEM VOLTAGE WHILE LOADINGTHE EPAS SYSTEM

Start the engine.Turn on all electrical accessories and allow the engine idle tostabilize.NOTE: A meter with a Min/Max feature and/or recordingcapabilities must be used to obtain accurate measurements.Connect the meter to the battery terminals; positive lead topositive terminal, negative lead to negative terminal.

YesGO to D9.

NoREFER to Section 414-00 to diagnose thecharging system.

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Set the meter to measure DC voltage.Set the meter range to greater than 15 volts.Enable the Min/Max or recording feature.NOTE: In order to provide adequate friction for a thorough test,make sure the vehicle is parked on an unsealed concrete orasphalt surface.While turning the steering wheel from stop to stop, measure thevoltage between the battery positive post and the batterynegative post.Record the lowest displayed voltage.Is the lowest displayed voltage greater than 12 volts?

D9 CHECK THE IGNITION VOLTAGE TO THE PSCM

Ignition OFF.Disconnect: PSCM C2231A.Ignition ON.Measure and record the voltage between the battery positive postand the battery negative post.

Measure the voltage between PSCM C2231A-1, circuit CBP35(YE/GY), harness side and ground.

YesGO to D10.

NoVERIFY SJB fuse 35 (10A) is OK. If OK,REPAIR circuit CBP35 (YE/GY).

If the fuse is not OK, REFER to the WiringDiagrams manual to identify the possiblecauses of the circuit short.

TEST the system for normal operation.



Is the voltage within 0.5 volt of to the recorded batteryvoltage?

D10 CHECK THE HIGH CURRENT CIRCUIT

Ignition OFF.Connect: PSCM C2231A.Start the engine, turn on all electrical accessories and allow theengine idle to stabilize.NOTE: A meter with a Min/Max feature and/or recordingcapabilities must be used to obtain accurate measurements.NOTE: In order to obtain the best possible readings with themeter, make sure the meter leads have a good, clean connectionto the item being measured.Connect the positive lead of the meter to PSCM C2231B-1 bybackprobing the connector. Connect the negative lead of themeter to the battery negative post.

Set the meter to measure DC voltage.Set the meter range to greater than 15 volts.Enable the Min/Max or recording feature.NOTE: In order to provide adequate friction for a thorough test,make sure the vehicle is parked on an unsealed concrete orasphalt surface.While turning the steering wheel from stop to stop, measure thevoltage between PSCM C2231B-1, circuit SBB01 (RD), harnessside and the battery negative post, by backprobing the PSCMconnector.Record the lowest displayed voltage.

YesGO to D11.

NoVERIFY BJB 80A MIDI fuse (WH) is OK. If OK,REPAIR circuit SBB01 (RD).





Is the lowest displayed voltage within 0.5 volt of the lowestdisplayed voltage recorded in Step D8?

D11 CHECK THE PSCM GROUND CIRCUIT

NOTE: In order to obtain the best possible readings with themeter, make sure the meter leads have a good, clean connectionto the item being measured.With the engine still running and while turning the steering wheelfrom stop to stop, measure the voltage between PSCM C2231B-2, circuit GD116 (BK/VT), harness side and the battery negativepost, by backprobing the PSCM connector.

Is the voltage less than 0.5 volt?

YesINSTALL a new steering column. REFER toSection 211-04.

NoREPAIR circuit GD116 (BK/VT). TEST thesystem for normal operation.

D12 INSPECT THE EPAS ELECTRICAL CONNECTIONS

Ignition OFF.Using a good light source, inspect the following connections forcorrosion, pushed-out/bent pins, spread/bent terminals and looseconnections:

PSCM C2231A

PSCM C2231B

Ground G206

BJB 80A MIDI fuse (WH)

SJB fuse 35 (10A)

Using a suitable mating terminal, check each terminal fordeformed or enlarged contacts by comparing the fit of the matingterminal between each pin location.

Refer to Wiring Diagrams Cell 5 (Escape/Mariner,Escape Hybrid/Mariner Hybrid), Connector RepairProcedures for schematic and connector information.

Are the connections OK?

YesGO to D13.

NoREPAIR or INSTALL new as necessary.


D13 CHECK THE BATTERY VOLTAGE

Yes


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Connect all previously disconnected connectors.Start the engine.Turn on all electrical accessories and allow the engine idle tostabilize.NOTE: A meter with a Min/Max feature and/or recordingcapabilities must be used to obtain accurate measurements.Connect the meter to the battery terminals; positive lead topositive terminal, negative lead to negative terminal.

Set the meter to measure DC voltage.Set the meter range to greater than 15 volts.Enable the Min/Max or recording feature.NOTE: In order to provide adequate friction for a thorough test,make sure the vehicle is parked on an unsealed concrete orasphalt surface.While turning the steering wheel quickly (at least 60 rpm or 1revolution per second) from stop to stop, measure the voltagebetween the battery positive post and the battery negative post.Record the lowest displayed voltage.Is the lowest displayed voltage greater than 12 volts?

GO to D14.

NoREFER to Section 414-00 to diagnose thecharging system.

D14 CHECK THE EPAS MOTOR VOLTAGE SUPPLY

NOTE: A meter with a Min/Max feature and/or recordingcapabilities must be used to obtain accurate measurements.NOTE: In order to obtain the best possible readings with themeter, make sure the meter leads have a good, clean connectionto the item being measured.Connect the positive lead of the meter to PSCM C2231B-1 bybackprobing the connector. Connect the negative lead of themeter to the battery negative post.

YesGO to D15.

NoVERIFY BJB 80A MIDI fuse (WH) is OK. If OK,REPAIR circuit SBB01 (RD).






Set the meter to measure DC voltage.Set the meter range to greater than 15 volts.Enable the Min/Max or recording feature.NOTE: In order to provide adequate friction for a thorough test,make sure the vehicle is parked on an unsealed concrete orasphalt surface.With the engine still running and while turning the steering wheelquickly (at least 60 rpm or 1 revolution per second) from stop tostop, measure the voltage between PSCM C2231B-1, circuitSBB01 (RD), harness side and the battery negative post, bybackprobing the PSCM connector.Record the lowest displayed voltage.Compare the recorded voltage to the voltage recorded in StepD12.Is voltage difference less than 0.5 volt?

D15 CHECK THE GROUND CIRCUIT FOR EXCESSIVE RESISTANCE

With the engine still running and while turning the steering wheelquickly (at least 60 rpm or 1 revolution per second) from stop tostop, measure the voltage between PSCMC2231B-2, circuitGD116 (BK/VT), harness side and the battery negative post, bybackprobing the PSCM connector.

Is the voltage less than 0.5 volt?

YesThe concern is not present at this time and mayhave been caused by a loose or corrodedconnector. RETURN the vehicle to thecustomer.

NoREPAIR circuit GD116 (BK/VT). TEST thesystem for normal operation.

Component Tests



Steering Linkage

1. With the vehicle in NEUTRAL, position it on a hoist. Refer to Section 100-02.

2. Using hand force only, check the inner and outer tie rods for vertical and lateral movement in the tie-rod ballstuds/sockets.

If there is any lateral or vertical movement in the tie-rod ball studs/sockets (inner or outer), a new tie rodmust be installed. Refer to the appropriate section in Group 211 for the procedure.

Steering Column Torsion Bar Test

1. Put the steering wheel straight ahead and position the vehicle on a hoist.

2. Raise the vehicle until the tires are several inches off the ground.

3. Start the vehicle and slightly turn the wheel to the right and remove hands.

4. If the steering wheel continues to turn on its own to the end stop, replace the steering column. Refer to Section 211-04.

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10/30/2019 steering system - diagnosis and testing • 2009 ......b227b steering shaft position...

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