10068058political parties-perpetual reservation

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ll. ISSUES

A. Political Parties

Major Pol i t ical Part ies

Party name AcronymFounding

year Chairperson

Together Everyone Achieves More Unity (TEAM Unity)

Kabalikat ng Malayang Pilipino KAMPI 1997 Luis Villafuerte, Sr. (President)

Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino LDP 1988 Edgardo Angara (President)

Lakas-Christian Muslim DemocratsLakas-CMD 1991 Prospero Nograles (President)

Nationalist People's Coalition NPC 1991Eduardo Cojuangco, Jr.(Chairman)

Philippine Democratic Socialist Party PDSP 1973 Norberto B. Gonzalez (Chairman)

Geniuine Opposition (GO)Aksyon Demokratiko AD 1997 Sonia Roco (Chairperson)

Kilusang Bagong Lipunan (Marcos Wing) KBL 1978/2007 Ferdinand Marcos Jr (President)

Liberal Party LP 1946 Mar Roxas (President)

Nacionalista Party NP 1907/2004 Manuel Villar (President)

Nationalist People's Coalition NPC 1991Eduardo Cojuangco, Jr.(Chairman)

Partido ng Demokratikong Pilipino-Lakas ngBayan

PDP-LABAN 1984 Aquilino Pimentel, Jr. (Chairman)

Puwersa ng Masang Pilipino PMP 1987 Joseph Estrada (Chairman)

United Opposition UNO 2005 Jejomar Binay {President}

Unaffiliated parties

Ang Kapatiran AKP 2004 Nandy Pacheco (Chairman)

Kilusang Bagong Lipunan (Lozano Wing) KBL 1978/2007 Oliver Lozano

People's Reform Party PRP 1991Miriam Defensor-Santiago(Head)

Minor po l i t ica l par t ies and party- lis t grou ps

Next to the main political parties in the Philippines there are other parties represented in the House ofRepresentatives of the Philippines. Most of these parties are elected through the party list system.


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year Chairperson

Regional Parties elected through the constituency system

One Cebu ONE CEBU 2007 Gwendolyn Garcia

Partido Magdalo N/A N/A Juanito Remulla

Sarangani Reconciliation and Reformation Organization SARRO N/A Priscilla Chiongbian

Party-list organizations

Akbayan Citizens' Action Party Akbayan 1998 Ronaldo Llamas

Alagad N/A N/A N/A

Alang sa Kalambu-an ug Kalinaw Alayon N/A John Henry Osmea

Alliance for Barangay Concerns ABC 2007 James Marty Lim

Alliance of Volunteer Educators AVE N/A N/A

Anak Mindanao AMIN N/A N/A

Anakpawis AP N/A Crispin Beltran

Ang Laban ng Indiginong Filipino ALIF N/A Acmad Tomawis

An Waray N/A 2001 Florencio "Bem" Noel

Association of Philippine Electric Cooperatives APEC N/A N/A

Bagong Alyansang Tagapagtaguyod na AdhikaingSambayanan BATAS 2004 Daniel Soriano Razon

Bayan Muna N/A 1999 Satur Ocampo

Buhay Hayaan Yumabong Buhay 1998 Mike Velarde (founder)

Citizen's Battle Against Corruption Cibac 2001 Emmanuel Joel Villanueva

Cooperative NATCCO Network PartyCoopNATCCO 1998 Cresente Paez

Gabriela Women's Party GABRIELA N/A Liza Maza

Luzon Farmers Party Butil N/A N/A

Partido ng Manggagawa PM N/A Renato Magtubo

Sandigan ng Lakas at Demokrasya ng Sambayanan SANLAKAS N/A N/A

Veterans Freedom Party VFP N/A N/A

Other parties


year Chairperson

Ang Ladlad N/A 2003 Danton Remoto

Bangon Pilipinas Movement BPM 2004 Eddie Villanueva

Green Party of the Philippines GP 1990s Felizardo Colambo

Partido Isang Bansa Isang Diwa PIBID 2004 Eddie Gil


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Philippine Green Republic Party PGRP N/A Felix Cantal

Progressive Party (Defunct) PP 1957 Raul Manglapus

Source: http://www.philippinecountry.com/government_officials/political_parties.html

Why are Political Parties MAL-DEVELOPED?

1. The legal-institutional environment is not conducive to the development of democratic and full-

fledged political parties.

2. The weak linkage of political parties to citizens.

3. The prevailing political culture of patronage and personality-based.

4. The failure to pass legislative measures to reform political parties.

Comparison

Mainstream

1) Members in highest elected positions in the government,

2) They became once a majority party, and

3) Normally, they field in almost a complete slate of national candidates in the elections

Non-Mainstream1) A few members holding elected posts in the government (in this case, only in party-list and local

governments),

2) Cannot field a complete slate in the national elections, but are with national prominence through

advocacies and coalition-building, and

3) There is also perceived distinct ideological tendencies among these parties, at least in paper.

Partys Success Indicators

1) Contributions to nations progress

2) Role in developing the political system

3) Performance of standard/generic functions

4) Level of institutionalization

Source: Political Party. Retrieved fromhttp://www.slideshare.net/fnfmanila/pol-party-stability(Accessed 09

July 2013).
http://www.philippinecountry.com/government_officials/political_parties.htmlhttp://www.slideshare.net/fnfmanila/pol-party-stabilityhttp://www.slideshare.net/fnfmanila/pol-party-stabilityhttp://www.slideshare.net/fnfmanila/pol-party-stabilityhttp://www.slideshare.net/fnfmanila/pol-party-stabilityhttp://www.philippinecountry.com/government_officials/political_parties.html


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B. Perpetual Reservation for Basic Sectors

The view that an open party-list system would subject marginalized and traditionally underrepresented

sectors to a political massacre was shared by Commissioner Jaime S.L. Tadeo, who likewise pushed

for a system of reserved seats in the lower house for marginalized sectors. When asked to explain how

he defined marginalized he stated that:

MR. TADEO: In deciding which sectors should be represented, the criteria should adhere to the

principle of social justice and popular representation. On this basis, the criteria have to include:

1. The number of people belonging to the sector,

2. The extent of "marginalization," exploitation and deprivation of social and economic rights

suffered by the sector;

3. The absence of representation in the government, particularly in the legislature, through the

years;

4. The sector's decisive role in production and in bringing about the basic social services needed

by the people.

This debate on an openparty-list system as against a closed system eventually led to a compromise

formulation of the constitutional provision in question. The formulation provided that:

The party-list representatives shall constitute twenty percent of the total members of the House

of Representatives provided that for two terms after the ratification of this Constitution twenty-five

of the seats allocated to party-list representatives shall be filled by selection or election, as

provided by law, from the labor, peasant, urban poor and youth sectors.

Despite this compromise, proponents of the reserved system, made a last ditch effort to institutionalize

perpetual sectoral representation through the party-list system. Commissioner Felicitas S. Aquino

proposed that the two-term transition period be eliminated and instead, perpetual sectoral representationbe institutionalized for 25, or half, the seats allocated for the party-list.21 A long debate followed, and

ultimately, the proposal for perpetual sectoral representation was defeated only in a close vote of 22 to

19.

In the arena of the 1986 Constitutional Commission, it was clear that the proponents of proportional

representation had won a clear, if closely-contested, victory against the proponents of sectoral or

marginalized representation.

Source:THE JUDICIALLY LEGISLATED CONCEPT OF MARGINALIZATION AND THE DEATH OF PROPORTIONAL

REPRESENTATION: THE PARTY LIST SYSTEM AFTER BANATAND ANG BAGONG BAYANI. Retrieved from

http://law.upd.edu.ph/ (Accessed 09 July 2013).
http://law.upd.edu.ph/http://law.upd.edu.ph/

10068058political parties-perpetual reservation

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