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The Battle of Adwa

Painting of Battle of Adwa

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The Scramble for Africa

Adwa

Bell Ringer!!!

• Have a seat in the same pairs that you sat in last Thursday.

• Take out the “Reading Like a Historian” activity that we began over the Battle of Adwa.

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Fill in the acronym for our motives of Imperialism…

R

E

N

T

The Battle of Adwa

How was Ethiopia able to defeat Italy at the Battle of Adwa?

Central Historical Question

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Ethiopian Independence

“Only the African nation of Ethiopia was able to retain its independence by matching European firepower. In 1889 the emperor of Ethiopia, Menelik II, undertook a program of modernization that included a modern Army.

In 1895, Italian forces invaded Ethiopia over a treaty dispute. Within a year, however, Menelik’s forces – more numerous and better armed than the Italians – defeated the Italians at the Battle of Adwa.” (p.760)

World History Textbook, 2006

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Source A.

• Central importance of Menelik.

• Effect of differing versions of the treaty…not mentioned in first account

• Importance of modern weapons…shared with first account.

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Source B.

• Most substantial

• Friendly relations with Italy…not mentioned in American accounts.

• Italy as aggressor

• Army was “ill trained” and not “well armed.” Direct opposite!!

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What is BIAS????

• What does it mean to remain “objective?”

• Is it possible?

• How does it affect History?

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Step One

• Compose a good topic sentence to begin your paragraph…

• This sets the stage for your paragraph.

• Think first, then write…

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Step Two

• Go through each source and underline which parts you want to include in your paragraph.

• They should be short.

• Borrow from each source.

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Step Three

• Begin to write your paragraph.

• Take your time.

• Make it flow, and make sense.

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Bell Ringer!!!

• Sit in the same seats we have been.

• Take out your essays we began yesterday.

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Step Four

• Go through your paragraph and underline your evidence…

• Read through your paragraph and REVISE, REVISE, REVISE........why? To make it better.

• Think/Draft about how you will change them.

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Step Five

• Repeat these steps until you have your finished product.

• ORGANIZE……how?– Break it up (paragraphs)– Use topic sentence as your

reference.– Write “fancy.” Not “blah.”

How was Ethiopia able to defeat Italy at the Battle of Adwa?

Central Historical Question

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How to use Evidence• Borrow from each source…answer the

question of how they won:– Military Advancement– Courage and Will– Intelligence– Women’s Support– Menelik II– Geographical Advantage– Over-zealous Italians– Etc….

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Process in a Nutshell

• Topic Sentence

• Evidence– Organize

• Topic Sentence

• Draft

• Revise

• Finalize