1 tens of millions of cultural digital objects available through europeana: how can they be used by...
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Tens of millions of cultural digital Tens of millions of cultural digital objects available through objects available through
Europeana: Europeana: how can they be used by schools?how can they be used by schools?
EMINENT Conference, RomeEMINENT Conference, Rome
5 December 20085 December 2008
Rob Davies,Rob Davies,
Scientific Co-ordinator Scientific Co-ordinator
EuropeanaLocalEuropeanaLocal
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Digital Libraries Initiative (DLI)Digital Libraries Initiative (DLI)http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/activities/digital_libraries/index_en.hthttp://ec.europa.eu/information_society/activities/digital_libraries/index_en.htmm
Flagship project of i2010Flagship project of i2010
Letter by six Heads of State and Government to the Letter by six Heads of State and Government to the European Commission (2005)European Commission (2005) Advocated creation of a virtual European libraryAdvocated creation of a virtual European library Aiming to make Europe’s cultural and scientific records Aiming to make Europe’s cultural and scientific records
accessible to allaccessible to all
Positive response from the CommissionPositive response from the Commission Outline strategy: Communication "i2010: Digital Libraries" Outline strategy: Communication "i2010: Digital Libraries" Communication on ‘access to scientific information in the Communication on ‘access to scientific information in the
digital age’ (2007)digital age’ (2007)
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Focus of the DLIFocus of the DLI
Make Europe's rich and diverse cultural and scientific Make Europe's rich and diverse cultural and scientific heritage easier and more interesting to use onlineheritage easier and more interesting to use online for work, leisure and/or studyfor work, leisure and/or study books, films, maps, photographs, music, etcbooks, films, maps, photographs, music, etc combine multicultural and multilingual environments with technological combine multicultural and multilingual environments with technological
advances and new business modelsadvances and new business models
Two strands: Two strands: Cultural heritage:Cultural heritage:
build a common European Digital Librarybuild a common European Digital Library Scientific heritageScientific heritage: :
ensure current and future access for research and innovation ensure current and future access for research and innovation purposes (HE: DRIVER)purposes (HE: DRIVER)
EU Vision: access, digitisation, preservationEU Vision: access, digitisation, preservation Promote competences Promote competences
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““For the users it is not For the users it is not important whether the important whether the sources of knowledge and sources of knowledge and experience are kept by experience are kept by archives, libraries or archives, libraries or museums, but to get museums, but to get access to the sources they access to the sources they want, and to be able to use want, and to be able to use these sources across types these sources across types of sources and sectors of of sources and sectors of institutions.” institutions.”
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Predecessor infrastructural projectsPredecessor infrastructural projects
TEL (The European Library)TEL (The European Library) Collaborative platform of 48 CENL national librariesCollaborative platform of 48 CENL national libraries Managed by Managed by The European Library Office, KL Netherlands The European Library Office, KL Netherlands Object level, standardised metadata, multilingual access Object level, standardised metadata, multilingual access Sequence of projects ((IST, eContentplus) 2003-Sequence of projects ((IST, eContentplus) 2003- Each bringing in more national libraries and advancing technicallyEach bringing in more national libraries and advancing technically Metadata/catalogue records – link to digital objects Metadata/catalogue records – link to digital objects
MICHAEL/MICHAELPLus (2004-8)MICHAEL/MICHAELPLus (2004-8) Driven mainly by Ministries of CultureDriven mainly by Ministries of Culture e-Tene-Ten Access to collection descriptions - link to Access to collection descriptions - link to
Research projects (Research projects (FP6/ICT) FP6/ICT) DELOS, BRICKS, QVIZ and moreDELOS, BRICKS, QVIZ and more
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End of 2006: full collaboration among EU National Libraries End of 2006: full collaboration among EU National Libraries
From 2007 collaboration to be expanded to Archives, From 2007 collaboration to be expanded to Archives, Museums and Audiovisual ArchivesMuseums and Audiovisual Archives
November 2007: November 2007: EDL FoundationEDL Foundation in place in place major European associations of archives, audiovisual archives, major European associations of archives, audiovisual archives,
museums and libraries as foundersmuseums and libraries as founders
2008: 2 million books, films, photographs, manuscripts, and 2008: 2 million books, films, photographs, manuscripts, and other cultural works accessible through prototype (was other cultural works accessible through prototype (was actually 3.5 million)actually 3.5 million)
At least 6 million works by 2010 (will be exceeded)At least 6 million works by 2010 (will be exceeded)
The roadmap to a European Digital LibraryThe roadmap to a European Digital Library
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EDL FoundationEDL Foundation
EURBICAEURBICA
FIATFIAT
ACEACE
EMFEMF
CENLCENL
LIBERLIBER
MICHAELMICHAEL
KBKB
ICOM EuropeICOM Europe
CERLCERL
INAINA
BABA
European Regional Branch of Intl. Council onEuropean Regional Branch of Intl. Council on
ArchivesArchives
Intl. Fed. of Television Archives Intl. Fed. of Television Archives
Association Cinémathèques EuropeennesAssociation Cinémathèques Europeennes
European Museums ForumEuropean Museums Forum
Conference of European National LibrariansConference of European National Librarians
Ligue des Bibliothèques Européennes deLigue des Bibliothèques Européennes de
RechercheRecherche
Multilingual Inventory of Cultural Heritage inMultilingual Inventory of Cultural Heritage in
EuropeEurope
National Library of The NetherlandsNational Library of The Netherlands
International Council of Museums EuropeInternational Council of Museums Europe
Consortium of European Research LibrariesConsortium of European Research Libraries
Institut Audiovisuel, FranceInstitut Audiovisuel, France
Bundesarchiv, GermanyBundesarchiv, Germany
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Thematic Network: Thematic Network: Europeana.Net (2007-9)Europeana.Net (2007-9) Large scale voluntary effortLarge scale voluntary effort Led by KB, NetherlandsLed by KB, Netherlands
Establish trust between the institutionsEstablish trust between the institutions
Create organisational structure for EuropeanaCreate organisational structure for Europeana Huge EC commitment (eContentplus, ICT PSP, FP)Huge EC commitment (eContentplus, ICT PSP, FP)
Tackle domain interoperability issues (standards)Tackle domain interoperability issues (standards) Item or object levelItem or object level
Prototype Prototype digitised contentdigitised content timeline based discovery, faceted browsing, personalisation timeline based discovery, faceted browsing, personalisation launched to Council of Ministers 19/20 Novemberlaunched to Council of Ministers 19/20 November huge demand, crashed on first day, to be relaunched mid-Decemberhuge demand, crashed on first day, to be relaunched mid-December
EuropeanaEuropeana
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Content infrastructureContent infrastructure
Support sensible levels of aggregation (digital libraries, Support sensible levels of aggregation (digital libraries, national cultural portals etc) for harvesting national cultural portals etc) for harvesting vary variable starting points across Europevary variable starting points across Europe
Implement Europeana specifications and toolsImplement Europeana specifications and tools harvesting OAI-PMH compliant repositories harvesting OAI-PMH compliant repositories map existing metadata to Europeana Metadata Application Profilemap existing metadata to Europeana Metadata Application Profile identify easy processes/tools for transforming metadata identify easy processes/tools for transforming metadata local vocabularies ‘SKOSified’ to enrich semanticslocal vocabularies ‘SKOSified’ to enrich semantics objects remain on original sitesobjects remain on original sites
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EuropeanaLocal (2008-11)EuropeanaLocal (2008-11) Best Practice NetworkBest Practice Network
improve interoperability of digital content held by regional and improve interoperability of digital content held by regional and local museums, libraries and archives local museums, libraries and archives
prove the value of local/regionally sourced contentprove the value of local/regionally sourced content large-scale pilot implementation: 27 countrieslarge-scale pilot implementation: 27 countries 200+ collections200+ collections estimated 20 mill items identified initially estimated 20 mill items identified initially
Local content for integrated Europeana prototype service Local content for integrated Europeana prototype service treasures held at local or regional leveltreasures held at local or regional level local collections held by libraries, museums and archiveslocal collections held by libraries, museums and archives visual material high in the mixvisual material high in the mix public domain ‘cultural’ records held by archives etc. public domain ‘cultural’ records held by archives etc. Promote content contribution from local users/communitiesPromote content contribution from local users/communities more digitisation needed for representation of all localitiesmore digitisation needed for representation of all localities
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Europeana content holdersEuropeana content holders
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EuropeanaLocal types of partnerEuropeanaLocal types of partner
EDLFoundation EDLFoundation 1 Ministry of Culture (as aggregators of local content)1 Ministry of Culture (as aggregators of local content) 2 national libraries (“)2 national libraries (“) 2 national museums (“)2 national museums (“) 3 national cultural agencies (“)3 national cultural agencies (“) 5 regional cultural authorities5 regional cultural authorities 7 public libraries 7 public libraries 1 local museum1 local museum 1 research foundation1 research foundation 1 regional digital library provider1 regional digital library provider 7 private sector organisations7 private sector organisations
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Open Archive InitiativeOpen Archive Initiative
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Europeana Semantic Elements (ESE)Europeana Semantic Elements (ESE) Metadata defined to match specific functionality of prototype Metadata defined to match specific functionality of prototype
Mixture of simple DC plus some qualifiers + 2 new elementsMixture of simple DC plus some qualifiers + 2 new elements ’’User tag’: public tags created by registered usersUser tag’: public tags created by registered users
No full Europeana ‘application profile’ proposed yetNo full Europeana ‘application profile’ proposed yet data used with existing schemas data used with existing schemas TEL application profile, DC (simple, qualified), MODS,METS. EAD, TEL application profile, DC (simple, qualified), MODS,METS. EAD, mapping and conversion done centrally at Europeana for prototypemapping and conversion done centrally at Europeana for prototype
Longer term scalabiity: prognosisLonger term scalabiity: prognosis
will require decentralisationwill require decentralisation automation of metadata conversion either at aggregator or central automation of metadata conversion either at aggregator or central
level level unmissable opportunity for Europe-wide interoperability unmissable opportunity for Europe-wide interoperability
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Metadata enrichmentMetadata enrichment
Mainly manually entered but also process text to look for person names
Similar technology as is applied by search engines, extracting keywords and assigning relevance according to frequency
Coverage is specified in any number of ways such as geographical names, administrative entities and coordinates. Need geo-metadata
Difficult to get disambiguous temporal metadata but possible
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Future ….Future ….
Europeana VI delivers first release early 2010Europeana VI delivers first release early 2010
Institutions/aggregators use ESE till thenInstitutions/aggregators use ESE till then
Integrate complementary infrastructure and standardsIntegrate complementary infrastructure and standards Object Modelling, Semantics, RSS/|ATOM, Language, Object Modelling, Semantics, RSS/|ATOM, Language,
Place/geography, Social networks, Collection identification, Place/geography, Social networks, Collection identification, Persistent identifiersPersistent identifiers
Rights expression (C20 black hole)Rights expression (C20 black hole)
Sustainability plan/business modelSustainability plan/business model Annual cost projection 2010 onwards = 3.6 million EURAnnual cost projection 2010 onwards = 3.6 million EUR EC projects + national ministries + site revenue (reuse)EC projects + national ministries + site revenue (reuse)
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OAI-OREOAI-ORE
Object Reuse and Exchange (OAI-ORE) specs – Oct 17Object Reuse and Exchange (OAI-ORE) specs – Oct 17 Object surrogatesObject surrogates Leverage core web architectureLeverage core web architecture
‘‘applications and services that can visualize, preserve, transfer, applications and services that can visualize, preserve, transfer, summarize, and improve access to the aggregations that people summarize, and improve access to the aggregations that people use on Web daily’’use on Web daily’’
Potentially interactive – not just one way like OAI-PMH Potentially interactive – not just one way like OAI-PMH Enriched metadata available in return to content suppliers Enriched metadata available in return to content suppliers
Run in parallel with OAI-PMH Run in parallel with OAI-PMH
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Re-use of Europeana contentRe-use of Europeana content
Make content available to other service providers Make content available to other service providers tourismtourism education (formal, non-formal e.g. museums)education (formal, non-formal e.g. museums) family historyfamily history humanities researchhumanities research publishing/media industries publishing/media industries through other search engines and services on the webthrough other search engines and services on the web
Commercial and non-commercial re-usersCommercial and non-commercial re-users Income stream needed for sustainability Income stream needed for sustainability what is the value added by Europeana worth?what is the value added by Europeana worth?
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ICT PSP Workprogramme 2009ICT PSP Workprogramme 2009
Objective 2.5 – Use of cultural material for education Objective 2.5 – Use of cultural material for education Funding instrument - Pilot BFunding instrument - Pilot B January 2009 call date, May 2009 deadlineJanuary 2009 call date, May 2009 deadline
Improve availability and relevance of cultural content for Improve availability and relevance of cultural content for lifelong learning use in multicultural/multilingual contextslifelong learning use in multicultural/multilingual contexts
Better exploitation of cultural heritage by education systems Better exploitation of cultural heritage by education systems Used by pupils and students in everyday learning activitiesUsed by pupils and students in everyday learning activities
Content which is included/to be included in Europeana Content which is included/to be included in Europeana critical mass to demonstrate impactcritical mass to demonstrate impact Identify quantity and quality of contentIdentify quantity and quality of content
Deal with rights/IPR Deal with rights/IPR
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Europeana-LRE interaction?Europeana-LRE interaction?
Search service which educators can use to identify Search service which educators can use to identify useful content (objects, packaged content)useful content (objects, packaged content) Segmented/’curated’ to assist the teacherSegmented/’curated’ to assist the teacher Curriculum relevance? (Who, What, Where, When) Curriculum relevance? (Who, What, Where, When) ‘‘Travels well’Travels well’ Quality/rightsQuality/rights
How would LRE ingest metadata?How would LRE ingest metadata? Harvesting/reharvesting infrastructure?Harvesting/reharvesting infrastructure? RSS ‘channels’RSS ‘channels’ APIsAPIs Metadata enrichment for educational use Metadata enrichment for educational use
Curriculum vocabularies, Learning Object specificsCurriculum vocabularies, Learning Object specifics
SustainabilitySustainability Culture24 (UK) funded by the DoE to provide service for Culture24 (UK) funded by the DoE to provide service for
schools schools
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www.europeana.euwww.europeana.eu
www.europeanalocal.euwww.europeanalocal.eu
rob.davies@mdrpartners comrob.davies@mdrpartners com