1 Synthesis of superheavy elements with Z = in hot fusion reactions Wang Nan College of Physics, SZU Collaborators: S G Zhou, J Q Li, E G Zhao, W. Scheid Huzhou Apr. 13 th 2012 2 Contents Introduction Formalism Results and discussions Summary 3 Periodic Table for Chemistry Elements 4 5 6 Experimental achievements: Super-heavy elements up to Z=118 have been synthesized experimentally. Z= : cold fusion, 208 Pb/ 209 Bi based reactions by evaporating 1 or 2 neutrons (Rev.Mod.Phys.72(2000)733, Rep.Prog.Phys.61(1998)639) Z= : 48 Ca induced fusion reactions, 48 Ca bombarding actinide targets by evaporating 3-5 neutrons (J.Phys.G34(2007)R165, NPA787(2007)343c) GSI: Dubna: Riken: 113 IMP: 259 Db, 265 Bh Question: How many nucleons can stay together in nucleus? 7 Theoretical models for SHN production Macroscopic dynamical model S. Bjornholm and W.J. Swiatecki, NPA 391 (1982) 471 Fluctuation-dissipation model Aritomo et al. PRC 59 (1999) 796, Shen Int. J.Mod. E 17(2008)66, Liu & Bao Phys.Rev.C 80(2009) Nucleon collectivization model (Zagrebaev et al.PRC65(2001)014607) Dinuclear system model Adamian et al. NPA 618(1997) 176 Li, Wang et al. EPL 64 (2003) 750, Eur. Phys. J. A 24, 223 (2005) J. Phys. G32 (2006) Feng et al., NPA 771 (2006) 50 Huang et al, PRC 84 (2011) Wang, Zhao, Scheid, Zhou 85,041601(R)(2012) Other model Wang et al 84, (R) (2011) 8 Evaporation residue cross section: Schematic picture of the formation of SHN Dinuclear system (used to describe deep inelastic collisions of heavy systems): V.V. Volkov, Phys. Rep. 44(1978)93 T P ENEN CN CN CF captur e fusion evaporati on 9 Capture of two colliding nuclei Transmission probability calculated from barrier distribution: The value of 1 is 2-4 MeV less than the one of 2 10 Formation of compound nucleus - Master equation Hamiltonian 11 Dynamical Potential Energy Surface(Dyn-Pes) Driving potential(Potential Energy Surface) Dynamical deformation satisfy 12 Dynamical Potential Energy Surface(Dyn-Pes) 13 Survival probability of excited compound nucleus The thermal compound nucleus will decay by evaporating -ray, light particles and fission. The survival probabilities can be written as 14 Exp. Yu.Ts. Oganessian, et al., PRC 70 (2004) Capture and evaporation residue cross sections for Ca48+U238 Results and discussions 15 Exp. Yu.Ts. Oganessian et al., PRC 70 (2004) Evaporation residue cross sections for Ca48+U238, Np237 16 Exp. Yu.Ts. Oganessian et al., PRC 70 (2004) Evaporation residue cross sections for Ca48+Pu242, Pu244 17 Exp. Yu.Ts. Oganessian et al., PRC Evaporation residue cross sections for Ca48+Am243, Cm248 18 Exp. Yu.Ts. Oganessian et al., PRC Evaporation residue cross sections for Ca48+ Bk249, Cf249 19 Exp. Yu.Ts. Oganessian et al., PRC Evaporation residue cross sections for Ca48+U-Cf 20 About element Z=120 21 22 23 24 Fusion probability for nuclei Z=120 Evp. cross sections for nuclei Z=120 Dash dot: Ti+Cf249 Solid: Cr+Cm248 Dashed: Fe+Pu244 25 Lifetime for some Cf isotopes 26 Evp. Cross sections for some Ti+ Cf isotope reactions 27 28 About element Z=119 29 30 Evp. Cross sections for Cr+ Am and Fe+Np reactions leading to nuclei with Z=119 31 Lifetime for some Bk isotopes 32 Evp. Cross sections for some Ti+ Bk isotope reactions 33 Summary Some evaporation residue cross sections for are studied with dyn-pes DNS model. The calculated results are in good agreements with experimental Several combinations for Z=119, 120 are calculated. Some reactions are suggested. 34 Thanks