1 production of a manual for statistics on energy consumption in households mesh project 3 th...

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PRODUCTION OF A MANUAL FOR STATISTICS ON ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN HOUSEHOLDS

MESH PROJECT

3th Working Meeting

Vienna, 3th May 2012

WP2: DISCUSSION OF METHODOLOGY

Jesús Pedro García MontesIDAE – General Secretary – Planning and Studies Department

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Definitions: End uses

MESH PROJECT: PRODUCTION OF A MANUAL FOR STATISTICS ON ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN HOUSEHOLDS

End Use: the use of energy commodities by a household, in order to obtain a certain service (heating, cooling, hot water etc.). Five major energy end-uses are distinguished for the energy consumption in households; space heating, water heating, cooking, space cooling, lighting and electrical appliances.

• Space Heating.• Water Heating.• Space cooling.• Cooking. • Lighting and electrical appliances.• Other end uses.

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Definitions: End uses


End Uses Definitions: before to define the different end uses

• Come thoughts: Electricity consumption has problems to disaggregate by uses. Centralized systems for space heating and water heating present the

same problems. Additionally, households consuming an only type of energy could have

problems to disaggregate the consumption by end uses. For example: households supplied by natural gas or electricity.

• Solutions: In these cases the breakdown by uses should be determined

by modeling from theoretical approaches, “in situ” measurements or mixtures of both.

Manual should incorporate methods that help the user to disaggregate the consumption by uses.

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Definitions: End uses – Space heating


Definition of Space heating: There are two possible definitions

The use of energy to provide heat in a dwelling. Including electrical heating. A more restrictive but more appropriate definition, according to the nature

of energy end uses in households, is the use of energy to provide heat in an interior area of a dwelling.

Discussion: should we consider the external heating for terraces?

Come thoughts: The terraces have not a good insulation. If we included outdoor heating

in space indoor heating, the consumption by m2 will be higher and no comparable with other house without terrace.

The heaters are different for indoor heating and outdoor heating and it is possible to separate outdoor and indoor heating.

For space cooling , we not considered the fans, blowers or nebulizers.

• Information on fuel type used must be included.

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Systems for Space heating: depending on the information available in each country two possible of breakdown:

• Basic o minimum breakdown: Main / Supplementary: the main space-heating system provides most of

the heat to the dwelling. The supplementary space-heating equipment is used less often than the main space-heating system.

Collective / Individual: the main space-heating system may be a collective system, serving more than one households. An individual system provides heat to a single household. District heating forms a separate type of main space-heating systems.

• More completed disaggregation: Local system: non-central heating (stoves, fireplaces, electric radiators

etc.). Floor central heating: for one dwelling in one building. Central heating: for multiple dwellings in one building. District heating: heating plant or boiler rooms for several buildings.

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Type of Heating equipment: types of heating equipment :• Combi boiler: is a water heater and a central heating boiler, combined within

one compact unit. It could be normal boiler or high efficiency boiler.• Central steam / hot water space-heating system: providing steam or hot water

to radiators / convectors or pipes (under-floor heating) in a dwelling. It could be normal or high efficiency device.

• Built-in electric system: a system of electrical resistances (usually as under-floor heating) providing heat to individual rooms; the system is part of the building electrical installation.

• Central warm-air space-heating system: providing warm air through ducts to the dwelling

• Heat pumps: a device that brings heat in the dwelling from the environment using a compressor (mechanical work)

• Stove: a non-portable apparatus that furnishes heat using solid or liquid fuels• Fireplace• Electric storage heaters, portable electric heaters• Portable kerosene / LPG heaters• Other Discussion: Where do we include solar panels for heating?

Discussion: cooking equipment for heating could be categorized like a stove, but we need to be able to

breakdown the consumption by uses.

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Age of Heating Equipment: age of the main heating system of the household.

Availability and type of temperature control instruments (thermostats):

Thermostat: a device that turns on or off the heating system so that a desired temperature is reached in a heated space.

Discussion: Is it realistic ask this information?Come thoughts: Households could inform about availability of this device, but about of

its real use? And, households could inform about the average room temperature in

dwelling during the heating season?

If we considered necessary information about thermostat we should ask: Availability: number of thermostats controlling the main heating

system. Thermostat types:

Manual on-off thermostat: allowing the manual control of the heating period during the day.

Programmable thermostat: designed to adjust automatically the temperature at different times of the day or night and days of the week.

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Definitions: End uses – Water heating


Definition of Water heating: The use of energy to heat water for hot running water, bathing,

cleaning and other non-cooking applications.. Discussion: should we include hot water for swimming-

pool?

Come thoughts: There are usually only a heater for all uses of hot water, but…. It’s the same case for space heating and water heating. The heater

could be the same. Consumption by litre of hot water it is not comparable between a home

with swimming and the same home without swimming.

Information on fuel type used must be provided.

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Definitions: End uses – Water heating


Systems for Water heating: depending on the information available in each country two possible of breakdown:

• Basic o minimum breakdown: Main / Supplementary: the main water heating system provides most of

the hot water to the dwelling. The supplementary water heating equipment is used less often than the main water heating system.

Collective / Individual: the main water heating system may be a collective system, serving more than one households. An individual system provides water heating to a single household. District water heating forms a separate type of main water heating systems.

• More completed disaggregation: Local system: non-central water systems (stoves, electrical appliances,

etc.). Floor water heating: for one dwelling in one building. Central heating: for multiple dwellings in one building. District heating: water heating plant or boiler rooms for several buildings.

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Type of Water heating equipment: the following types of heating equipment may be considered:Combi boiler: is a water heater and a central heating boiler, combined within

one compact unit. It could be normal boiler or high efficiency boiler.Water Heater: a thermally insulated vessel designed for heating and storing

hot water.Water Heater instant: a thermally vessel designed for heating water without

storage.

Discussion: Where we include solar panels for water heating?

Tank size, age: the volume (litres) and age of the water heater. Broad classes may be used for reporting tank size and age.

Discussion: is it realistic?

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Definitions: End uses – Cooking


Definition of Cooking: The use of energy to prepare meals and hot drinks.

Discussion: should do we include hot drinks?

Come thoughts: Hot drinks may be prepare by other equipment very different to cooker:

café machine, water heaters, kettles… The main consumption in the service of cooking is in charge of cooker,

oven, hob, and cooking stove. That is, in the equipment to make the basic preparation of food.

Micro ovens are used to heat food already prepared or to prepare hot drinks.

Micro ovens, café machine, water heaters, kettles, etc. could be considered electrical appliances.

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Definitions: End uses – Cooking


Systems for cooking service:

• Basic o minimum breakdown: Main: the cooking system provides most of the cooking services to the

households. Supplementary: the supplementary cooking system is used less often than

the main cooking system.

Type of Water heating equipment: the following types of cooking equipment may be considered:

Cooker. Oven. Hob. Cooking stove.

Age of Primary Cooking Equipment: only for main cooking equipment.

Fuel type: only for main cooking equipment.

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Definitions: End uses – Space Cooling


Definition of Space Cooling: The use of energy for cooling and dehumidifying the air in a dwelling by a

refrigeration unit (fans, blowers and other appliances not connected to a refrigeration unit are not included).

Residential air conditioning technologies include window air conditioners, central air conditioners and heat pumps.

Air conditioning equipment type Central system that has ducts to bring cooled air in the individual rooms of

the dwelling. Electrically driven individual units providing cooled only to single rooms.

Age: the age of the central air-conditioning system or the oldest individual unit.

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Definitions: End uses – Space cooling


Availability and type of temperature control instruments (thermostats):

Thermostat: a device that turns on or off the heating system so that a desired temperature is reached in a heated space.

Discussion: Is it realistic ask this information?Come thoughts: Households could inform about availability of this device, but about of

its real use? And, households could inform about the average room temperature in

dwelling during the cooling season?

If we considered necessary information about thermostat we should ask: Availability: number of thermostats controlling the cooling system. Thermostat types:

Manual on-off thermostat: allowing the manual control of the cooling period during the day.

Programmable thermostat: designed to adjust automatically the temperature at different times of the day or night and days of the week.

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Definitions: End uses – Lighting and Electrical Appliances


Definition of Lighting and Electrical appliances: The use of energy by the lights and electrical appliances in a dwelling not

included in other end uses..

The service of Space Heating, Hot Water, Cooking and Space Cooling supplied by electricity are not include.

Lighting and Electrical Appliances equipment type1st level 2nd level 3th level

Refrigeration Fridge FridgeFreezer FreezerFridge-freezer Fridge-freezer

Laundry Washing machines Washing machinesDrying machines Drying machinesWasher-dryer machines Washer-dryer machines

IronDishwashing Dishwashing Dishwashing

Home Entertainment Colour televisions Colour televisions

Cable networksSatellite antennasVCR / DVDMusic equipmentVideo game console

Home Office Personal computer Personal computer

PrinterInternet/modemFaxPhotocopierMulti-function printer/scanner/copierComputer speakersMonitorUSB hub.

Rest of electrical appliances Rechargeable devices Power Tool

Hand-Held VacuumCordless PhoneElectric ToothbrushShaverMP3 PlayerCell PhoneDigital Camera.

Electrical Garden equipment Electrical Garden equipment

Stand-by systems Stand-by systemsLighting Lighting Incandescent lamps (or "bulbs")

Fluorescent tube lampsCompact fluorescent lamps (CFLs)Halogen lightingLED lamps

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Definitions: End uses – Lighting and Electrical Appliances


Lighting and Electrical Appliances equipment type1st level 2nd level 3th level

Refrigeration Fridge FridgeFreezer FreezerFridge-freezer Fridge-freezer

Laundry Washing machines Washing machinesDrying machines Drying machinesWasher-dryer machines Washer-dryer machines

Iron

Dishwashing Dishwashing Dishwashing

Home Entertainment Colour televisions Colour televisions

Cable networksSatellite antennasVCR / DVDMusic equipmentVideo game console

Home Office Personal computer Personal computer

PrinterInternet/modemFaxPhotocopierMulti-function printer/scanner/copierComputer speakersMonitorUSB hub.

Rest of electrical appliances Rechargeable devices Power Tool

Hand-Held VacuumCordless PhoneElectric ToothbrushShaverMP3 PlayerCell PhoneDigital Camera.

Electrical Garden equipment Electrical Garden equipment

Stand-by systems Stand-by systems

Lighting Lighting Incandescent lamps (or "bulbs")Fluorescent tube lampsCompact fluorescent lamps (CFLs)Halogen lightingLED lamps

In Spain86% of consumption

of electrical appliances

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Boundaries sector 1/3


• Private cars aren’t object to the Manual.

• Consumption of private cars is reported in the transport sector.

• But, in chapter “Consumer surveys” we could suggest to user to incorporate in the survey some questions about private cars.

• A medium family reside in their second home a maximum of 33% of the year.

• Equipment linked to the second home tends to be lower in quantity and size.

• Methodology to develop will be valid for both main and second residence.

Mobility

Outdoor recreation activities(mainly in gardens)

Swimming pool?, lawn mowing?, outdoor heaters?

Seco

nd h

ome

Mob

ile h

ome

Main residenceSpace heatingWater heatingSpace cooling

CookingOther (electricity only?)

Private vs. Economic consumption



Seco

nd h

ome

Mob

ile ho

me




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Boundaries sector 2/3


• Energy consumption associated to economic activities could be big.

• Difficulties to determine the energy consumption associated with economic activities. Need to estimate it from measurements or modeling.

• But, statistics should be of energy consumption in households. It’s not possible to include energy consumption associated a economic activities.

• Rest of consumption (swimming pool, lawn moving, outdoors heaters, etc.) should be reported, but: Like other consumption? Like external consumption to

dwelling?










Only Private consumption

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Boundaries sector 3/3: final proposal from IDAE


Outdoor recreation activities (mainly in gardens)

Swimming pool

Lawn mowing

outdoor heaters

Main residence: only private consmption

Space heatingWater heatingSpace cooling

CookingOther

(electricity and others energies)

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Thank you very much for your attention

1 production of a manual for statistics on energy consumption in households mesh project 3 th...

Documents

water heating

electrical heating

households space heating

outdoor heating

district heating

space indoor heating

heating plant

external heating