1 picture perfect generation visual stimulating or visually literate? visual stimulating or visually...
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Picture PerfectPicture PerfectGenerationGeneration Visual Stimulating Visual Stimulating
or Visually or Visually Literate?Literate? Susan E. Metros
University of Southern California
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Webinar audience
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t h e j o u r n e yt h e j o u r n e y
Becoming Visually Literate
Affecting changeThe role of the
visual
What does it mean to be literate?
Questions?
Questions?Questions?
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t h e j o u r n e yt h e j o u r n e y
What does it mean to be literate?
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Literacy…
…the condition or quality of being literate, especially the ability to read and write.
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2121st st Century LiteraciesCentury Literacies2121st st Century LiteraciesCentury Literacies
Scientific
EcologicalPolitical
EconomicCultural
Language
Media
Information
Technological
VisualVisualPersonalSecurity
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Visual Literacy
Decode and interpret visuals
Encode and compose meaningful visuals
Make judgment of accuracy, validity and worth of visuals
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Richard Avedon
Judging Validity…
“There is no such thing as
inaccuracy in a photograph.
All photographs are
accurate. None of them is
the truth.”
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Judging Validity…
Luke Frazza, AFP, USA Today, February 24, 2005
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visual literacy continuumvisual literacy continuumvisual literacy continuumvisual literacy continuum
Stimulated
Literate
Fluent
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Lives is a visually saturated word Interacts with visuals everyday Amateur producer and manipulator Imitates rather than innovates Not enough knowledge to judge
visual literacy continuumvisual literacy continuumvisual literacy continuumvisual literacy continuum
Stimulated
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Visual Overload
Environment Communication Knowledge gathering Personal interactions Jobs Recreation
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Visual Overload
“Clutter and
confusion are
failures in design,
not attributes of
information.”(Tufte, 1990)
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Amateur or Authentic?
Authentic
denoting an
emotionally
appropriate,
significant,
purposive, and
responsible mode
of human life.
Amateur
Unprofessional
Producers not
visually literate
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Literate
Understands design vocabulary and concepts
Informed viewer, decoder, and consumer Effective communicator, encoder and
producer Informed critic of visual information
visual literacy continuumvisual literacy continuumvisual literacy continuumvisual literacy continuum
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Is a knowledgeable and highly-skilled innovator, designer, composer, and producer
visual literacy continuumvisual literacy continuumvisual literacy continuumvisual literacy continuum
Fluent
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t h e j o u r n e yt h e j o u r n e y
Affecting changeThe role of the
visual
What does it mean to be literate?
Questions?
Questions?Questions?
Becoming Visually Literate
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t h e j o u r n e yt h e j o u r n e y
Becoming Visually Literate
Learning Styles
Dependencies
Vocabularies
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Learning Styles
A behavioral preference
The way we perceive andprocess things the best
The way people concentrate when they learn
Visual
Auditory
Kinesthetic
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Learning Styles
Auditory30%
Visual65%
Kinesthetic5%
(Bradford, 2004)
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Visual Dependencies
Communicate instantly
and universally
Social practice
Economic reliance
Discipline agnostic
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Vocabularies
Writingletter•word•sentence•paragraph•rhythm•protagonist•antagonist•setting•point of view•hyperbole•personification…
Journalismarticle•story•beat•repurpose•lead•kicker•spread•inverted pyramid…
Filmscene•script•pace•narration• framing•zoom• pan•tilt•fade•cut…
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Vocabulary of Vision
“If people aren’t taught the language of sound and images, shouldn’t they be considered as illiterate as if they left college without being able to read or write?”
(Lucas, 2004)
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AttributesColor/Tone Texture VolumeSize
ElementsPoint LineForm
RelationshipsStructureBalanceContrastPosition Motion
Vocabulary of Vision
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t h e j o u r n e yt h e j o u r n e y
The role of the visual
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The Role of the Visual
Document
Validate
Communicate
Inform
Engage
Expose
Politicize
Provoke
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Document
The War Tapes, (2006)
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Validate
Children’s Visions of Genocide (Human Rights Watch, NPR, 2005)
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Communicate
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Inform
World Trade Center, NYC (September 11, 2001)
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Engage
Spore, Electronic Arts (2008)
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Expose
Abu Ghraib Prison (May, 2005)
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Politicize
“Politics will eventually be
replaced by imagery.
The politician will be only too
happy to abdicate in favor of
his [or her] image, because the
image will be much more
powerful than he [or she] could
ever be.”
(McLuhan,1971)
Kennedy/Nixon Presidential Debate (September 26,1960)
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Provoke
A cartoon published in a Danish newspaper depicting Muhammad's turban as a bomb provoked…
Protest marches and deadly riots worldwide
Attacks and the burning of Danish embassies throughout the Middle East
Costly boycotts of Danish products
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t h e j o u r n e yt h e j o u r n e y
Affecting changeThe role of the
visual
What does it mean to be literate?
Questions?
Questions? Questions?Becoming Visually Literate
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t h e j o u r n e yt h e j o u r n e y
Four Models
1. Come to us
2. Woven into the curriculum
3. Systemic change
4. Component of something bigger!
Affecting change
38digitalunion.osu.edu
Come to us:
OSU Digital Union
New media production Emerging technologies Gathering place Showcase new tools Workshops Research Corporate sponsors
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Woven into the curriculum:
USC Institute for Multimedia Literacy
Research on the changing nature of literacy Teaches multimedia production Provides academic programs in MM scholarship
iml.usc.edu
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Woven into the curriculum:
Visual literacy integrated into the mission Association of Colleges and
Research Libraries (ACRL) Guidelines…
“Library courses and instruction in information literacy should include visual literacy and media literacy.”
Clemson General Education Vision…
“To more fully integrate visual literacy and creativity into the curriculum in an effort to expand communication skills, critical thinking, ethical judgment, and cultural awareness.”
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(NMC, 2005)
nmc.org/publications/global-imperative
Systemic change:
NMC 21st Century Literacy Summit
1. Develop a strategic research agenda2. Raise awareness and visibility of the
field3. Make tools for creating and
experiencing new media broadly available
4. Empower teachers with 21st century literacy skills
5. Work as a community
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Component of something bigger: Emergency Preparedness
USC Provost’s charge Have courses up for one to three weeks
within one week of the disaster
Assumptions Campus is inaccessible Power and Internet up and running
Misconception Blackboard is the solution A captured lecture is a course
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Component of something bigger: Scenario 1: “Gen Ed in the Can”
Select best Gen Ed instructors
Develop high quality online courses in Bb
Activate in case of emergency
Issues Who picks instructors? Who prioritizes courses? Who develops courses? Expense Currency of content Students distracted
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Component of something bigger: Scenario 2: “Global Crisis Curriculum”
Identify, collect, tag content related to crisis
Provide Freshman literacy skills modules to:1. Create a digital story2. Serve as a citizen journalist3. Chronicle service learning experience4. Write a paper
Respond to crisis through “lens” of Gen Ed course
Issues Curricular review? Cathartic or painful? How to coordinate efforts How to build content
sharing infrastructure
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t h e j o u r n e yt h e j o u r n e y
Affecting changeThe role of the
visual
What does it mean to be literate?
Questions?
Questions?Questions?
Becoming Visually Literate