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Pertemuan 2 Machine Structure, Machine

Language, And Assembly Language

Matakuliah : H0182/Pemrograman Sistem

Tahun : 2006

Versi : 01

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Learning Outcomes

Mahasiswa dapat mengerti komponen-komponen dasar dari Machine structure

Mahasiswa dapat mengerti alasan pembuatan bahasa assembly

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General Machine Structure

Block Diagram of Simple Computer

CPURAM

& ROM

InputDevice

OutputDevice

I/O Processor

D-Bus

A-Bus

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General Machine Structure

• Memory

• Registers

• Data

• Instruction

• Special Features

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Machine Language

• Strongly related and dedicated to specific machine (Intel, IBM, Sun, DEC,etc)

• Very difficult to understand because involving binary (00101010) notation for programming

• Hell to programmer

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Assemblers

• Assembly language• Memory

– Base & Offset Addressing– Units of Memory: bit,byte,word– High Order & Low Order byte

• Registers– Flag Register– General Purpose Register– Segment Registers & Instruction Pointer– Stack Registers– Pointer & Index Registers

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Assemblers

• Data– Byte, Word, Integer, Real, String, Array, Short

Integer, Long Integer, etc

• Instruction– Data Transfer Instruction– Arithmetic Operation Instruction– Boolean Operation Instruction (Flag)– Logical Operation Instruction– Program Branching Instruction

• Special Features– Interrupt Handlers

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Summary

• Every computer have some common features

• Assembly language is first step for better programming instead using machine language

• Assembly language for Intel is dedicated for machine that uses Intel processor.