1 numerical and wind-tunnel simulation of wind loads on smooth and rough domes r.n. meroney c.w....
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Numerical and Wind-Tunnel Simulation of Wind Loads on Smooth and Rough Domes
R.N. MeroneyC.W. Letchford
P.P. Sarkar
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Structural Domes
Domes are commonly used to enclose large spaces because of their structural efficiency and economic benefit.
Domes are excellent at resisting symmetric loading, but
Asymmetric loading may cause structural distress and failure.
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Domed Sports Halls & Stadiums
Houston Astrodome
Hubert H. HumphreyMetro-Dome, Min
Little Sports Palace, Rome
Pepsi Center, Denver
Sun Dome, Fukui, Japan
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Domed Public Buildings
^ Public Exhibition HallsMillennium Dome, London,320 m diameter, 80,000 sq m floor space
Museums and Halls,Barlow Planetarium, CA
^
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Inflated Domes
US Pavilion, Osaka Exposition 1970
Carrier Stadium, Syracuse University
Georgia Dome, Atlanta Silverdome, Pontiac, MI
RCA (Hoosier) DomeIndianapolis, IN
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Bulk Storage: Dust Supression, Water and Wastewater Treatment Covers
Temcor Aluminum DomesTriangulated space truss system with
triangulated panels
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Bulk Storage: Coke Piles
Pittsburgh, CA Marine Terminal Coke Storage Domes Three 55 m (180 ft) diameter hemispheres
Los Angeles, CA Export Terminal Coke Storage Domes ConstructionTwo 73 m (240 ft) diameter hemispheres, Shotcrete applied to interior of inflated airform mounted on footer and stem wall
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Wind Effects on Hemispherical Domes
Inflated domes require internal pressures exceeding external pressures to avoid buckling.
Internal pressures must not be too large or excessive membrane or tensile forces occur, and membrane tears.
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Wind-tunnel Study of Inflated Domes
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Newman, Ganguli and Shrivastava (1984) studied pressure distributions on three inflatable domes in a boundary layer.
H/D = 0.5, 0.37 & 0.25, H/=0.12-0.13, U=7.5 m/s, Re=UD/=226,000
FEM calculations show buckling occurs on plane of symmetry and upwind when the internal inflation pressures < 0.7-0.44 of the dynamic pressure at the dome top.
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CSU WEFL Wind Tunnel Experiment
Pressure Scanner
Pressure Transducer
CSU WEFL Industrial Aerodynamics Wind Tunnel
PC-NT Computer
Postprocess Software
Hot Film Anemometer
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Wind-Tunnel Initial Conditions
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m
2 m
1.8 m
Grid: 86,000 cells
Velocity Contours:Umax = 15 m/s
Z = 1m
Z = 0.8 m
ASCE 7-98C
Windtunnel
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Single Dome Comparisons: Reynolds Number Variation
Reynolds Number = (U H/) = 185,000
Reynolds Number = (U H/) = 1,440,000
Conclusion: No significant difference
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Single Dome Comparisons:
Turbulence Models
Standard kappa-epsilon model (2 equations)
Reynolds stress model (7 equations)
Spalart Allmaras model (1 equation)
Conclusion: No significant difference
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Pressure Coefficient Contours:
Experimental vs Numerical: Approach wind at 0o
Cp Contours: numerical
Cp Contours: experimental
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Pressure Coefficient Contours: Experimental vs Numerical:
Approach wind at 90o
Cp Contours: numerical
Cp Contours: experimental
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Conclusions
CFD calculations reproduced mean Cp behavior over smooth, rough and paired domes.
CFD calculations using k-, RNG, and Rey turbulence models gave similar results.
CFD calculations at high and low Reynolds numbers gave similar results.