1PETROLEUM GEOLOGY (TKG-353)Sarju Winardi, Dept. of Geological Engineering, Gadjah Mada University I. Introduction to petroleum system

1. INTRODUCTION TO PETROLEUM SYSTEMAND EXPLORATION ACTIVITY

2PETROLEUM GEOLOGY (TKG-353)Sarju Winardi, Dept. of Geological Engineering, Gadjah Mada University I. Introduction to petroleum system

HYSTORY OF OIL FINDING

4000 BG; Seeps in Euphrat River as glue. 1000 BG; Seeps in Egypt as Mummy balsam. 2000 y.a.; oil as raw material for lighter & heater. 1859; First drilling, Titusville (Pensylvania, USA) by Col Edwin L. Drake,

about 21 M.

IN INDONESIA, Since 8th Century in Sumatera as burning material Since 8 Century in Sumatera as burning material. 1870, Oldest exploration by P. Vandijk in Purwodadi, Semarang. 15-6-1885, First drilling by Aeilco Janszoon Zylker, Telaga Tunggal,

Pangkalan Brandan (North Sumatera), about 400 Ft. At the end of 19th C, there were 18 petroleum company in Ind. 1902, RDC (Royal Dutch Company). 1907-1911, RDC + Shell = B.P.M. 1912, STANVAC (Standard Oil + Vacuum Oil) 1930, BPM + Netherland: NIAM. 1935, Caltex, NNGPM. 1945, PTMNRI---TMSU (1954)---PT. Permina (1957)---PN. Permina

(1961). In 1961 also formed PT. Pertamin. 1968, PN. Permina + PT. Pertamin--- PN. Pertamina

3PETROLEUM GEOLOGY (TKG-353)Sarju Winardi, Dept. of Geological Engineering, Gadjah Mada University I. Introduction to petroleum system

HOW FIRST OIL WAS FOUND?

OIL SEEPAGEOIL SEEPAGE

4PETROLEUM GEOLOGY (TKG-353)Sarju Winardi, Dept. of Geological Engineering, Gadjah Mada University I. Introduction to petroleum system

5PETROLEUM GEOLOGY (TKG-353)Sarju Winardi, Dept. of Geological Engineering, Gadjah Mada University I. Introduction to petroleum system

PETROLEUM SYSTEM

Source Rocks, Definition : rocks that has actually generated & expelled hydrocarbons, usually

fine grain sediment rocks. Major types of source rock : shale, marl, carbonate, coal.

Reservoir Rocks, Definition : permeable & porous rocks which is filled by hydrocarbon & water in

its pore. The rocks could be :

Sandstone. Carbonate rocks. Other rocks such as shale, volcanic rocks, fractured basement etc.

Cap Rocks, Definition : impermeable rocks medium that isolates a reservoir and retains

petroleum. Example : shale, anhydrite, gypsum, marl, etc.

Traps, Definition : geologic features in which petroleum can accumulate. Structural, stratigraphic or combination.

Migration, Definition: the moving of oil & gas from its source rocks to reservoir rocks. Primary or secondary.

6PETROLEUM GEOLOGY (TKG-353)Sarju Winardi, Dept. of Geological Engineering, Gadjah Mada University I. Introduction to petroleum system

RESERVOIR

SEALTRAPCOMMERCIAL

HYDROCARBON

SOURCE ROCKPROPER TIMINGOF MIGRATION

SEALTRAP HYDROCARBONACCUMULATION

7PETROLEUM GEOLOGY (TKG-353)Sarju Winardi, Dept. of Geological Engineering, Gadjah Mada University I. Introduction to petroleum system

EXPLORATION ACTIVITY-basin delineation

8PETROLEUM GEOLOGY (TKG-353)Sarju Winardi, Dept. of Geological Engineering, Gadjah Mada University I. Introduction to petroleum system

EXPLORATION ACTIVITY-surface mapping

9PETROLEUM GEOLOGY (TKG-353)Sarju Winardi, Dept. of Geological Engineering, Gadjah Mada University I. Introduction to petroleum system

EXPLORATION ACTIVITY-seismic survey & interpretation

10PETROLEUM GEOLOGY (TKG-353)Sarju Winardi, Dept. of Geological Engineering, Gadjah Mada University I. Introduction to petroleum system

EXPLORATION ACTIVITY-drilling

11PETROLEUM GEOLOGY (TKG-353)Sarju Winardi, Dept. of Geological Engineering, Gadjah Mada University I. Introduction to petroleum system

LOGGING

12PETROLEUM GEOLOGY (TKG-353)Sarju Winardi, Dept. of Geological Engineering, Gadjah Mada University I. Introduction to petroleum system

CORING

13PETROLEUM GEOLOGY (TKG-353)Sarju Winardi, Dept. of Geological Engineering, Gadjah Mada University I. Introduction to petroleum system

GEOCHEMISTRY ANALYSIS

ANALYSIS OF KEROGEN TYPE ANALYSIS OF VITRINITE REFLECTANCE

14PETROLEUM GEOLOGY (TKG-353)Sarju Winardi, Dept. of Geological Engineering, Gadjah Mada University I. Introduction to petroleum system

SYLLABUS

WEEK LECTURING TOPICS PRACTICEI. INTRODUCTION TO PETROLEUM SYSTEM & EXPLORATION ACTIVITY DRILLING & MUD LOGGINGII. HYDROCARBON COMPOSITION, GENESIS & SOURCE ROCKS CUTTING ANALYSISIII. RESERVOIR ROCKS-1 (PHYSICAL PROPERTIES) CORE DESCRIPTIONIV. RESERVOIR ROCKS-2 (SILICICLASTICS) LOG ANALYSIS-1 (QUALITATIVE)V RESERVOIR ROCKS 3 (CARBONATES) LOG ANALYSIS 2 (QUANTITATIVE)

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY (TKG -353)

V. RESERVOIR ROCKS-3 (CARBONATES) LOG ANALYSIS-2 (QUANTITATIVE)VI. CAP ROCKS, TRAPS & TRAPPING MECHANISM INTERPRETATION OF SEISMIC DATAVII. MIGRATION & ACCUMULATION ANALYSIS OF DIPMETER & FMIVIII. MIDTERM RESPONSI-1IX. EXPLORATION STEPS WELL TESTINGX. FORMATION EVALUATION-1 CORRELATION & SUBSURCACE SECTIONXI. FORMATION EVALUATION-2 SUBSURFACE MAPPING & RESERVES CALCULATIONXII. LEADS, PROSPECTS & RESERVES CLASSIFICATION RISK ANALYSISXIII. PRODUCTION & DEVELOPMENT ENHANCED OIL RECOVERYXIV. PETROLEUM GEOLOGY OF INDONESIA BASINS FIELD TRIP PREPARATIONXV. FINAL EXAM RESPONSI-2

15PETROLEUM GEOLOGY (TKG-353)Sarju Winardi, Dept. of Geological Engineering, Gadjah Mada University I. Introduction to petroleum system

ABOUT LECTURING

To be planned about 13 times lecturing 1 middle examination 1 final examination Absence max 3 times Final mark = 35% final exam 35% middle exam 30% practice Final mark 35% final exam, 35% middle exam, 30% practice, Mark (A>=75, 65

16PETROLEUM GEOLOGY (TKG-353)Sarju Winardi, Dept. of Geological Engineering, Gadjah Mada University I. Introduction to petroleum system

REFERENCES Dickey, P.A., 1979, Petroleum Development of Geology, PPC Books,

Tulsa. Gluyas, J. & Swarbrick, R., 2004, Petroleum Geoscience, Blackwell

Science Ltd., Oxford. Koesoemadinata, R.P., 1980, Geologi Minyak dan Gas Bumi, ITB,

Bandung. K di t R P 1998 P t l P t ti l f I d i IAGI Koesoemadinata, R.P., 1998, Petroleum Potential of Indonesia, IAGI,

Jogjakarta. Link, P.K., 1987, Basic Petroleum Geology, OGCI Inc., Tulsa. North, F.K., 1985, Petroleum Geology, Allen & Unwin Inc., London. Perrodon, A., 1983, Dynamics of Oil and Gas Accumulations, Elf-

Aquitaine, Paris. Selley, R.C., 1998, Elements of Petroleum Geology, Academic Press,

London.