1

Introduction to ITDIntroduction to ITDCourse OutlineCourse Outline

MandateMandate OrganizationOrganization ITD SectionsITD Sections Trade ConceptsTrade Concepts Data Flows & ProcessingData Flows & Processing DisseminationDissemination Balance of PaymentsBalance of Payments Other TopicsOther Topics

9

Objective:Objective:

The primary objective of this program is to measure the The primary objective of this program is to measure the changechange in the stock of material resources of the country in the stock of material resources of the country resulting from the movement of merchandise into or out of resulting from the movement of merchandise into or out of Canada.Canada.

The Canadian Int’l MerchandiseThe Canadian Int’l MerchandiseTrade Statistical ProgramTrade Statistical Program

Mandate:Mandate:

The mandate of the division is to compile, analyze and The mandate of the division is to compile, analyze and disseminate consistent, integrated and timely estimates of disseminate consistent, integrated and timely estimates of Canada’s merchandise exports and imports by partner Canada’s merchandise exports and imports by partner country and commodity as well as price and volume indices country and commodity as well as price and volume indices on imports and exports.on imports and exports.

3

Chief StatisticianIvan Fellegi

R. BarnabéACS

Social Statistics

P. SmithACS

Business Statistics

K. WilsonACS

National Accounts

M. WolfsonACS

Analysis & Dev.

W. SmithACS

Communications

F. MarandaACS

Informatics & Meth.

P. JohanisACS

Management Services

L.M. DucharmeDirector General

Economy Wide Statistics

Craig KuntzDirector

International Trade Division

Organizational Structure of Statistics CanadaOrganizational Structure of Statistics Canada3

Organizational Structure of ITDOrganizational Structure of ITDDirector

International Trade

C. Kuntz

Director International

TradeC. Kuntz

Assistant DirectorB. Theriault

Assistant DirectorB. Theriault

ChiefMarketing and Client Services

S. Nevins

ChiefMarketing and Client Services

S. Nevins

ChiefCentral

Coordination Interim C. Barrett

ChiefCentral

Coordination Interim C. Barrett

ChiefMonitor and

Analysis

D. Ogden

ChiefMonitor and

Analysis

D. Ogden

ChiefData Assembly

Section W. Johnson

ChiefData Assembly

Section W. Johnson

Chief Systems

D. Duguay

Chief Systems

D. Duguay

ChiefConcepts and

Liaison

ChiefConcepts and

Liaison

Assistant DirectorC. Barrett

Assistant DirectorC. Barrett

Trade ConceptsTrade Concepts

1) Data Quality1) Data Quality Customs vs. BoPCustoms vs. BoP

2) Timeliness2) Timeliness 5) Classification5) Classification

3) Coverage:3) Coverage: 6) Valuation6) Valuation

a)a) Inclusions Inclusions 7) Quantity7) Quantity

b) Exclusions Exclusions 8) Partner 8) Partner CountryCountry

4) Trade System4) Trade System 9) Confidentiality9) Confidentiality

Trade Data Quality StatementTrade Data Quality Statement

The The quality of statisticsquality of statistics should be judged by its should be judged by its ability to satisfy users’ information needs. ability to satisfy users’ information needs.

Statistics on a particular subject should provide a Statistics on a particular subject should provide a reasonable and timely measure of the real world reasonable and timely measure of the real world economic events to which they relate. economic events to which they relate.

2

TimelinessTimeliness

The reference period is the calendar month and the The reference period is the calendar month and the calendar year. The closing of the statistical month calendar year. The closing of the statistical month for imports and exports is defined as the last for imports and exports is defined as the last calendar day of the month, based as closely as calendar day of the month, based as closely as practicable on the date of clearance from Customs.practicable on the date of clearance from Customs.

Published Trade Data is available to the public by 6 Published Trade Data is available to the public by 6 weeks following the end of a reference month in a weeks following the end of a reference month in a variety of electronic and print media.variety of electronic and print media.

2

CoverageCoverage

Merchandise trade should record goods that add to, Merchandise trade should record goods that add to, or subtract from, the material resources of Canadaor subtract from, the material resources of Canada

CBSA records all goods that come into, or leave CBSA records all goods that come into, or leave CanadaCanada

Therefore, some things must be included, others, Therefore, some things must be included, others, excluded as not everything that enters or leaves excluded as not everything that enters or leaves affects Canada’s stock of material resourcesaffects Canada’s stock of material resources

CBSA – Canada Border Services AgencyCBSA – Canada Border Services Agency

3

Inclusions (examples)Inclusions (examples)

‘‘Normally’ imported/exported goodsNormally’ imported/exported goods Consignment goodsConsignment goods Processing goodsProcessing goods Humanitarian aidHumanitarian aid Financial leasesFinancial leases Non-monetary goldNon-monetary gold Inter-company transfers (parent/ subsidiary)Inter-company transfers (parent/ subsidiary) Etc.Etc.

8

Exclusions (examples)Exclusions (examples)

Temporary goodsTemporary goods In-transit goodsIn-transit goods Operational leasesOperational leases Monetary goldMonetary gold Banknotes, securities, coins, in circulationBanknotes, securities, coins, in circulation Waste & scrap (no positive value)Waste & scrap (no positive value) Etc.Etc.

7

Trade System DifferencesTrade System Differences

GeneralGeneral SpecialSpecial

Statistical frontier Geographical Boundary Customs Boundary

In1-warehouse Include Exclude

Ex2-warehouse Exclude Include

The United Nations defines two types of trade systems: General & SpecialThe United Nations defines two types of trade systems: General & Special Canada uses the Canada uses the General SystemGeneral System Major differences:Major differences:

1: Refers to goods being entered into a Customs Bonded Warehouse.2: Refers to goods being withdrawn from a Customs Bonded Warehouse.

4

Customs vs. BoPCustoms vs. BoP

Generally, Customs based data refers to trade statistics Generally, Customs based data refers to trade statistics based on data collected by a Customs agency;based on data collected by a Customs agency;

In Canada, Balance of Payment (BoP) data are derived In Canada, Balance of Payment (BoP) data are derived from Customs based data and adjusted to better from Customs based data and adjusted to better conform with Systems of National Accounts conform with Systems of National Accounts requirements and principlesrequirements and principles

1

ITD Classification SystemsITD Classification Systems (past & present)(past & present)

Commodity ClassificationsCommodity Classifications:: Import Commodity Classification (MCC) Import Commodity Classification (MCC) Export Commodity Classification (XCC) Export Commodity Classification (XCC) Summary Import Groupings (SIG)Summary Import Groupings (SIG) Summary Export Groupings (SEG)Summary Export Groupings (SEG) Principal Commodity Groups (PCG)Principal Commodity Groups (PCG) Canadian International Trade Classification (CITC) Canadian International Trade Classification (CITC) Standard Classification of Goods (SCG)Standard Classification of Goods (SCG) Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System (H.S.)Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System (H.S.) Standard International Trade Classification (SITC)Standard International Trade Classification (SITC)

Industry ClassificationsIndustry Classifications:: Standard Industrial Classification (SIC)Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) North American Industry Classification System (NAICS)North American Industry Classification System (NAICS)

Used as a basic analytical tool to classify goods, industries Used as a basic analytical tool to classify goods, industries and geographic areas.and geographic areas.

3

ClassificationsClassifications

Industry

SIC developed in 1948. Industries broken down by Division, Major Group, Industry Group and Industry Class

NAICS developed by the statistical agencies of Canada, Mexico and the United States and finalized in 1996. Consists of sectors, sub sectors, industry groups and industries.

Commodity

The MCC was the principal classification used by ITD for import statistics from 1964 to 1977.

The CITC was derived from the MCC – adds 2 digits for detail. Divides commodities according to their stage of fabrication. Used from 1978 to 1987.

The XCC was the classification system for export statistics used from 1961 to 1977.

3

ITD’s ClassificationsITD’s Classifications

19661966 19701970 19801980 1990199020002000++

MCCMCC XCCXCC SIG/SEGSIG/SEG CITCCITC HSHS SITC Rev 2SITC Rev 2 SITC Rev 3SITC Rev 3 SIC 80SIC 80 NAICSNAICS

1966 – 1987

1966 - 1987

1966 - present

1972 - 1987

1988 - present

1976 - present1988 - 2001

1980 - 2001

1997 - present

Harmonized SystemHarmonized System

Exports

Approximately 6,000 8 digit H.S. codes used Canadian version adds 2 digits to the 6 digit international code For statistical purposes, a 7th and 8th digit were added

Exports

Approximately 6,000 8 digit H.S. codes used Canadian version adds 2 digits to the 6 digit international code For statistical purposes, a 7th and 8th digit were added

Imports

Approximately 19,000 10 digit H.S. codes used Canadian version adds 4 digits to the 6 digit international code For tariff purposes, a 7th and 8th digit were added For statistical purposes, a 9th and 10th digit were added

Imports

Approximately 19,000 10 digit H.S. codes used Canadian version adds 4 digits to the 6 digit international code For tariff purposes, a 7th and 8th digit were added For statistical purposes, a 9th and 10th digit were added

Beginning in January 1988, ITD classifies import and export Statistics according to the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System (H.S.)

This is an international commodity 6 digit classification system

Commodities are classified, in some cases, according to their principal component material

Beginning in January 1988, ITD classifies import and export Statistics according to the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System (H.S.)

This is an international commodity 6 digit classification system

Commodities are classified, in some cases, according to their principal component material

4

HS Code StructureHS Code Structure

03 02 .12.00.40

Sub-header: Atlantic, Pacific or Danube Salmon

Header: Fish, fresh or chilled…

Chapter: Fish & crustaceans, molluscs & other aquatic invertebrates

International

Tariff Item (zeros)

Canadian

Statistical Suffix: Pink 0302.12.40

IMPORTS EXPORTS

International

Chapter: Fish & crustaceans, molluscs & other aquatic invertebrates

Sub-header: Atlantic, Pacific or Danube Salmon

Statistical Suffix:Chum

Canadian

Header: Fish, fresh or chilled…

≈ 19,000 Codes ≈ 6,000 Codes

9

H.S. Chapters 98 and 99H.S. Chapters 98 and 99

These chapters are reserved for special classification provisions.

There are no standard codes or definitions used – each country determines which commodities and corresponding H.S. codes will be included in Chapter 98 and 99.

In Canada, Chapter 98 is used for the classification of transactions that are not classified by commodity as well as transactions that do not have an international financial implication.

Chapter 99 is reserved for transactions that, (inter alia), are confidential or have a small value.

0

Imports Chapter 99Imports Chapter 99

There are two import chapter 99s:There are two import chapter 99s:

Customs: uses this chapter to reduce tariff ratesCustoms: uses this chapter to reduce tariff rates

Example:Example:8802.60.10.00 Satellites - 6.5% (MFN*)8802.60.10.00 Satellites - 6.5% (MFN*)9950.00.00.00 Satellites for testing - Free9950.00.00.00 Satellites for testing - FreeOnly the 1st 4 digits of the chapter 99 tariff code are shown on an import Only the 1st 4 digits of the chapter 99 tariff code are shown on an import

entryentry

Statistics: used for publishing statistical dataStatistics: used for publishing statistical data

Example:Example:9901.00.00.00 Low value and confidential goods9901.00.00.00 Low value and confidential goods

*MFN = Most-Favoured-Nation (tariff treatment)*MFN = Most-Favoured-Nation (tariff treatment)

0

CONCORDANCESCONCORDANCES

Concordances are prepared to assist users of commodity Concordances are prepared to assist users of commodity statistics to compare data based on different classification statistics to compare data based on different classification systems and to link data.systems and to link data.

Canada – U.S. Concordances

As part of the MOU, Canadian Export data are derived from U.S. Import data and vice versa.

As a result, ITD must convert U.S. imported H.S. (10 digit) commodities to Canadian export HS (8 digit) commodities. Concordances are used for this purpose.

Canada – U.S. Concordances

As part of the MOU, Canadian Export data are derived from U.S. Import data and vice versa.

As a result, ITD must convert U.S. imported H.S. (10 digit) commodities to Canadian export HS (8 digit) commodities. Concordances are used for this purpose.

3

ITD CONCORDANCES/ITD CONCORDANCES/GROUPINGSGROUPINGS

H.S.

SEG U.S. Imports

Major Group

Sub Sector

Sector

Major Group

Sub Sector

Sector

SIG

2

ValuationValuation

World Trade Organization (WTO) principle used World Trade Organization (WTO) principle used (Transactional Value)(Transactional Value)

Imports:Imports: Free on Board (FOB) Point of Direct ShipmentFree on Board (FOB) Point of Direct Shipment

Exports:Exports: Free on Board (FOB) BorderFree on Board (FOB) Border

2

QuantityQuantity

Import & Export quantities collected using ISO codes Import & Export quantities collected using ISO codes Data published with Alpha ISO codesData published with Alpha ISO codes Internal numeric codes on filesInternal numeric codes on files

ISO code: Number = NMBITD Numeric code: 100

ISO code: Number = NMBITD Numeric code: 100

Example:

ISO - International Standardization OrganizationISO - International Standardization Organization

4

Quantity CoverageQuantity Coverage

Not all codes have quantities. Not all codes have quantities.

Coverage is:Coverage is: 6 digit level: 6 digit level:

Imports - 75% Imports - 75% Exports - 68% Exports - 68%

(2007 Data Year)(2007 Data Year)

2

Partner CountryPartner Country

Imports: country of originImports: country of origin (goods grown, extracted or produced)(goods grown, extracted or produced) Country of shipment availableCountry of shipment available

Exports: country of last known destinationExports: country of last known destination Domestic Exports (grown, extracted or produced in Canada)Domestic Exports (grown, extracted or produced in Canada) Re-exports (foreign goods that are re-sold outside Canada)Re-exports (foreign goods that are re-sold outside Canada) Total Exports (Domestic + Re-exports)Total Exports (Domestic + Re-exports)

Codes:Codes: Collected using ISO Alpha (e.g. United Kingdom = GB)Collected using ISO Alpha (e.g. United Kingdom = GB) ITD numeric codes also used (e.g. United Kingdom = 101)ITD numeric codes also used (e.g. United Kingdom = 101)

2

Statistics ActStatistics ActSECRECYSECRECY

Prohibition against divulging informationProhibition against divulging information

17. (1) Except for the purpose of communicating information in accordance 17. (1) Except for the purpose of communicating information in accordance with any conditions of an agreement made under section 11 or 12 and except with any conditions of an agreement made under section 11 or 12 and except for the purposes of a prosecution under this Act but subject to this section,for the purposes of a prosecution under this Act but subject to this section,

(a) no person, other than a person employed or deemed to be employed (a) no person, other than a person employed or deemed to be employed under this Act, and sworn under section 6, shall be permitted to examine any under this Act, and sworn under section 6, shall be permitted to examine any identifiable individual return made for the purposes of this Act; andidentifiable individual return made for the purposes of this Act; and

(b) no person who has been sworn under section 6 shall disclose or (b) no person who has been sworn under section 6 shall disclose or knowingly cause to be disclosed, by any means, any information obtained knowingly cause to be disclosed, by any means, any information obtained under this Act in such a manner that it is possible from the disclosure to relate under this Act in such a manner that it is possible from the disclosure to relate the particulars obtained from any individual return to any identifiable individual the particulars obtained from any individual return to any identifiable individual person, business or organization.person, business or organization.

0

ExceptionsExceptions Exception to prohibitionException to prohibition

(2) The Chief Statistician may, by order, authorize the following information to be (2) The Chief Statistician may, by order, authorize the following information to be disclosed:disclosed:

(a) information collected by persons, organizations or departments for their own purposes (a) information collected by persons, organizations or departments for their own purposes and communicated to Statistics Canada before or after May 1, 1971, but that information and communicated to Statistics Canada before or after May 1, 1971, but that information when communicated to Statistics Canada shall be subject to the same secrecy requirements when communicated to Statistics Canada shall be subject to the same secrecy requirements to which it was subject when collected and may only be disclosed by Statistics Canada in the to which it was subject when collected and may only be disclosed by Statistics Canada in the manner and to the extent agreed on by the collector thereof and the Chief Statistician;manner and to the extent agreed on by the collector thereof and the Chief Statistician;

(b) information relating to a (b) information relating to a personperson or organization in respect of which disclosure is or organization in respect of which disclosure is consented to in writing by the person or organization concerned;consented to in writing by the person or organization concerned;

(c) information relating to a (c) information relating to a businessbusiness in respect of which disclosure is consented to in in respect of which disclosure is consented to in writing by the owner for the time being of the business;writing by the owner for the time being of the business;

Requests for confidential information must always be referred to the ITD Confidentiality Requests for confidential information must always be referred to the ITD Confidentiality Focal Points (Chief: Concepts and Liaison or Chief: Marketing and Client Services)Focal Points (Chief: Concepts and Liaison or Chief: Marketing and Client Services)

0

Duffett RulesDuffett Rules

The Duffett Rules provide the basic rules of confidentiality to be The Duffett Rules provide the basic rules of confidentiality to be applied to company - establishment data;applied to company - establishment data;

The rules are, in themselves, confidential;The rules are, in themselves, confidential;

Sets out the counts of firms or percentage shares of data cells as Sets out the counts of firms or percentage shares of data cells as the conditions under which data may be considered confidential;the conditions under which data may be considered confidential;

The ITD Confidentiality Manual is the basic ITD reference and gives The ITD Confidentiality Manual is the basic ITD reference and gives practical advice on the application of confidentiality requirements to practical advice on the application of confidentiality requirements to govern ITD activities.govern ITD activities.

0

ConfidentialityConfidentiality

What is confidential?

Extracted from the ITD Confidentiality Manual:

GCR 1: Entity: “Any information revealing an individual entity’s activities…cannot be disclosed to anyone not sworn in under the Statistics Act, except as described in Rule 3’

GCR 3:” Confidential information may be returned to the supplier (or its agent) provided it is returned in the same form as received by ITD…”

GCR = General Confidentiality Rule

0

Data SuppressionData Suppression

Two Methods:Two Methods:

Active: data are reviewed prior to release;Active: data are reviewed prior to release; Passive: data are released until ITD is notified that it is Passive: data are released until ITD is notified that it is

confidential (ITD verifies);confidential (ITD verifies); ITD uses ITD uses Passive SuppressionPassive Suppression (except for the (except for the

Importer/Exporter Registries).Importer/Exporter Registries).

Three types of suppression:Three types of suppression:

Commodity suppression: data are re-coded to 99.01;Commodity suppression: data are re-coded to 99.01; Quantity suppression: quantities suppressed;Quantity suppression: quantities suppressed; Country suppression: data are re-coded to ‘other’ country.Country suppression: data are re-coded to ‘other’ country.

1

IntermissionIntermission1

Data Flows & ProcessingData Flows & Processing

ExportsExports Data ExchangeData Exchange SourcesSources FlowsFlows ProcessingProcessing

ImportsImports FlowsFlows ProcessingProcessing

ITD file structureITD file structure

Basic ITD FlowsBasic ITD Flows

ITD

USCB USCBP

Exporter

CBSA – Canada Border Services Agency

CAED – Canadian Automated Export Declaration

ITD – International Trade Division

USCB – U.S. Census Bureau

USCBP – U.S. Customs Border Protection (U.S. Customs)

CAED & G7

B-13

7501

Exports to non-U.S. destinations

Exports to

U.S

.

data exchange

ITD

7501

Canadian Exports

US imports from Canada

Ele

ctric

ity &

Na

t. G

as

NEB (via MCED)

Data SupplementsCWB & CGC

ITDCBSA

Importer

B-3

Data transfer

Imports to Canada

ITDCBSA

Importer

B-3

Data transfer

edit

edit

edit

Summary

edit

EXPORTS to the U.S.*EXPORTS to the U.S.*DataData Exchange Exchange

7501

B-3Export data

Goods

Goods

Export data

* U.S. includes Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands

2

2007 Exports Sources by Value

2007 - Exports Source by Value

Two Processing Streams

Exports – non-U.S.

B-13ACAEDG - 7

Summary

Exports – U.S.

Low Value

Non-U.S. Data Sources

$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000

$120,000

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Year

Val

ue

(mil

lio

ns)

Total Non US

B13a

CAED

G7

LowVal

Summary

6%.06%12%

.05%

3%

79%

9

Non-U.S. Exports – Count & ValueNon-U.S. Exports – Count & Value

Non-U.S. Data Sources

$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000

$120,000

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Year

Val

ue (m

illio

ns)

Total Non US

B13a

CAED

G7

LowVal

Summary

Value

1

Non-U.S. Exports - By Count

0

500,000

1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

2,500,000

3,000,000

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Year

No

. of

Lin

es

Total

B13a

CAED

G7

Low Value

Summary

Count

Exports – All FlowsExports – All Flows

ITD

USCB USCBP

Exporter

CAED – Canadian Automated Export Declaration

ITD – International Trade Division

USCB – U.S. Census Bureau

USCBP – U.S. Customs Border Protection (U.S. Customs)

CAED & G7

7501

Exports to non-U.S. destinations

Exports to

U.S

.

data tr

ansfer

U.S. imports from Canada

Ele

ctric

ity &

Na

t. G

as

NEB (via MCED)

Data SupplementsCWB & CGC,

B-13a

edit

edit

Summary

edit

CWB – Canadian Wheat Board

CGC – Canadian Grain Commission

NEB – National Energy Board

MCED – Manufacturing, Energy & Construction Division

7501 – U.S. Import Declaration

B-13A – Canadian Export Declaration

6

Exports ProcessExports ProcessExports ProcessExports Process

Cut 1 Cut 2Cut 3

NatGasElec.

Cut 4

CAED& G7

ConversionU.S. HS10 – CA HS 8Prov of Origin, MOT

Validation

Combination EditUOM/Qty, HS/Trade Code

ListingHigh Value

Failures >threshold

Manual ReviewSMO’s

Capture

SummaryReporters

B13A

(Prelim)Non-U.S. Peel

(Final)

On-line Editing

Edits / Imputes

ManualReview

Final U.S. Peel(after Cut 4)

Final Peel

SummaryAdjustRaw

Metadata(XAE)

U.S. Process4 transmissions + corrections (bloopers)

Non-U.S. Process

ITDCBSA

Importer

CBSA – Canada Border Services Agency

CADEX – Canadian Automated Declaration Exchange

NEB – National Energy Board

ITD – International Trade Division

MCED – Manufacturing, Construction and Energy Division

B-3

Data transfer

Imports to CanadaImports to Canada

Basic ITD FlowsBasic ITD Flows

edit

edit

NEB (via MCED)

6

HS - Harmonized SystemMOT – Mode of TransportationPROV – ProvinceQTY- QuantityUOM – Unit of Measure

Imports Processing Imports Processing Weekly Prelim.Weekly Prelim.

Imports Processing Imports Processing Weekly Prelim.Weekly Prelim.

Clipping (Unit Value Edit)

Micro Edit

(e.g. HS/MOT

MOT/Carrier)

Set Flags

Pre-Processor

(Re-Format

Records)

Rules

MAE2Import

Administrative Entities

Validation

CBSA DataNew recordsAmendments

Clean

Corrections

Imports ProcessingImports ProcessingMonthlyMonthly

Imports ProcessingImports ProcessingMonthlyMonthly

From Clipping

USBC Edits

Prelim Peel

Raw File

Apply Confid.

USBC Edits

U.S. Transmission 1

USBC Edits

Imports ProcessingImports ProcessingMonthlyMonthly

Imports ProcessingImports ProcessingMonthlyMonthly

ApprovalRaw Final

Apply Confid.

U.S. Transmission 2

Edit Late Data

Final USBC

Final Peel

Imports ProcessingImports ProcessingMonthlyMonthly(Files)(Files)

Imports ProcessingImports ProcessingMonthlyMonthly(Files)(Files)

Raw Final

Non-Confid

Confid

Summary

(Confid & Non-Confid)

Prices Process

BoP Process

(Confid Data)

Non-Confid DataAdjusted Files

ITD File DefinitionsITD File Definitions

Raw

Trade and Non-Trade data

Confidentiality not applied

Edited detail records

Adjusted

Trade and Non-Trade data

Confidentiality applied

Adjusted records

Summary

Trade data only

Confidentiality applied

Summarized data

Adjustments

Recode mode of transport (pipeline and mail to other) Wheat adjustment for exports – provincial distribution of value

Confidentiality

Confidential classes and countries are recoded (i.e. Mongolia to China)

Revisions (Customs Basis) Current year – revised monthly Previous year (Y-1) – revised Jan, Feb, Mar & quarterly Further revisions (Y-1, Y-2, Y-3, Y-4) – revised annually

Adjustments

Recode mode of transport (pipeline and mail to other) Wheat adjustment for exports – provincial distribution of value

Confidentiality

Confidential classes and countries are recoded (i.e. Mongolia to China)

Revisions (Customs Basis) Current year – revised monthly Previous year (Y-1) – revised Jan, Feb, Mar & quarterly Further revisions (Y-1, Y-2, Y-3, Y-4) – revised annually

5

DisseminationDissemination

1) Monthly 1) Monthly Release: DailyRelease: Daily

5) Requests5) Requests

2) Other Events 2) Other Events on on Release Day Release Day

6) Cost Recovery6) Cost Recovery

3) Users3) Users 7) Client 7) Client RelationsRelations

4) Products and 4) Products and Services Services

8) Promotion8) Promotion

BoP

Release in DailyRelease in Daily

Monthly (monthly, quarterly, annual data) Monthly (monthly, quarterly, annual data)

Major Release prepared by Monitor & AnalysisMajor Release prepared by Monitor & Analysis

Reviewed by Policy CommitteeReviewed by Policy Committee

Pre-release given to Finance, the Privy Council and ITCANPre-release given to Finance, the Privy Council and ITCAN

Press lock-upPress lock-up

Dates established in advance with the U.S.Dates established in advance with the U.S.

7

OOther Events on Release ther Events on Release DayDay

CANSIMCANSIM

Canadian International Merchandise Trade Database (CIMT)Canadian International Merchandise Trade Database (CIMT)

World Trade AtlasWorld Trade Atlas

Various internal data extraction toolsVarious internal data extraction tools

E-Pub 65-001 E-Pub 65-001 (Canadian International Merchandise Trade)(Canadian International Merchandise Trade)

6

Information on imports and exports are used by:Information on imports and exports are used by:Information on imports and exports are used by:Information on imports and exports are used by:

Statistics Canada Statistics Canada

Who uses this information Who uses this information Who uses this information Who uses this information

Federal and Provincial Governments Federal and Provincial Governments

Inputs into the System of National Accounts (particularly the Balance of Payments and Gross Domestic Product); Input/Output; Agriculture Division; Manufacturing, Construction and Energy Division

Finance, ITCAN …

Importers, exporters, manufacturers, trade associations and shipping companies for market penetration studies; marketing opportunities; etc.

Embassies, UN, OECD

10

OutsideOutside ClientsClients

Foreign Governments and AgenciesForeign Governments and Agencies

Products and ServicesProducts and Services

Electronic Products Electronic Products Custom ProductsCustom Products PublicationsPublications Under developmentUnder development

Electronic ProductsElectronic Products

World Trade AnalyzerWorld Trade Analyzer International merchandise trade data between International merchandise trade data between

member countries of United Nationsmember countries of United Nations From 1988 to 2005 From 1988 to 2005 SITC classificationSITC classification

Licensed DataLicensed Data

World Trade Atlas (GTI)World Trade Atlas (GTI) WISER – World Institute for Strategic WISER – World Institute for Strategic

Economic ResearchEconomic Research

Custom ProductsCustom Products CanadianCanadian WorldWorld

over 40 years of dataover 40 years of data HS based 1988 to HS based 1988 to presentpresent variety of variables variety of variables (including month, (including month, country, state, port, country, state, port, mode of transport, mode of transport, NAICS, quantity, value NAICS, quantity, value etc) etc)

Adjusted United Adjusted United Nations data from 1987 Nations data from 1987 to presentto present SITC (rev 2)SITC (rev 2)

Custom Products (continued)Custom Products (continued)

Exporter and Importer RegistersExporter and Importer Registers Number of exporters/importers and value by Number of exporters/importers and value by

industry (NAICS), size, country and province of industry (NAICS), size, country and province of residenceresidence

Employment size for most current yearEmployment size for most current year 1996 – 2006 (Exports)1996 – 2006 (Exports) 2002 – 2005 (Imports)2002 – 2005 (Imports)

Custom Products (continued)Custom Products (continued)

Country Trade ProfileCountry Trade Profile Brief profile of country’s two way trade for Brief profile of country’s two way trade for

consecutive 5 year periodconsecutive 5 year period

Country StatementsCountry Statements Quantity and value for imports and exports at HS6 Quantity and value for imports and exports at HS6

level for given countrylevel for given country

Publications -- MonthlyPublications -- Monthly

65-001 65-001 Release Day Release Day ElectronicElectronic

Publications -- OccasionalPublications -- Occasional 65-20865-208

International Merchandise Trade Annual Review International Merchandise Trade Annual Review PDF & HTMLPDF & HTML

65-20965-209 Canadian Export ClassificationCanadian Export Classification PDFPDF

65-506 65-506 A Profile of Canadian ExportersA Profile of Canadian Exporters PDF PDF

65-50765-507 Canadian Trade ReviewCanadian Trade Review PDF & HTMLPDF & HTML

Under developmentUnder development

Canadian International Trade Statistics Canadian International Trade Statistics Concepts Manual (Public Version)Concepts Manual (Public Version)

Manual highlights various concepts & definitions used in the Manual highlights various concepts & definitions used in the compilation and dissemination of international merchandise compilation and dissemination of international merchandise trade statistics.trade statistics.

Requests – how do people get this Requests – how do people get this stuff?stuff?Requests – how do people get this Requests – how do people get this stuff?stuff?

a)a) Standing OrderStanding Order(Monthly, Quarterly, Semi-Annual, Annual)(Monthly, Quarterly, Semi-Annual, Annual)

Subscribe to regular tabulations as per theirSubscribe to regular tabulations as per theirrequirementsrequirements

b) Ad-hocb) Ad-hoc

For a particular study, trade disputes,For a particular study, trade disputes, 9-11 research, academic/policy research9-11 research, academic/policy research

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Cost RecoveryCost RecoveryCost RecoveryCost Recovery

““Public good data” – freePublic good data” – free ‘ ‘Strategis’/ Trade Data On-Line (Industry Canada)Strategis’/ Trade Data On-Line (Industry Canada) Basic Requests: Canadian International Basic Requests: Canadian International Merchandise Trade database (CIMT) and Cansim Merchandise Trade database (CIMT) and Cansim (minimal fee)(minimal fee)Customised RequestsCustomised Requests

Specifications are received from clientsSpecifications are received from clients Cost/Time estimates are provided by MCSSCost/Time estimates are provided by MCSS

Factors that help determine the cost of a Factors that help determine the cost of a request are complexity, level of detail, request are complexity, level of detail, frequency, etc. frequency, etc.

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Client RelationsClient Relations

Effective communication with clients is a continuous Effective communication with clients is a continuous interactive process based on dedication, trust and hard interactive process based on dedication, trust and hard work.work.

Email: trade@statcan.caEmail: trade@statcan.ca

Two databasesTwo databases Act (the “secretary”)Act (the “secretary”) CLIREQ (the “accountant”)CLIREQ (the “accountant”)

Sales Team, Technical Support, Regional OfficeSales Team, Technical Support, Regional Office

Shipping and invoicingShipping and invoicing

PromotionPromotion

In recent years, we had limited promotional activities. In recent years, we had limited promotional activities.

New approach:New approach:We sell information to assist in business and economic decision We sell information to assist in business and economic decision making. We want to partner with our users to realize the best making. We want to partner with our users to realize the best potential in the use of that information.potential in the use of that information.

Getting the word out “push” versus “pull”.Getting the word out “push” versus “pull”. Promotional magazine adsPromotional magazine adsGoogle AdsGoogle Ads Trade showsTrade shows Liaison (Natural Resource Canada (NRCAN), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Liaison (Natural Resource Canada (NRCAN), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC), etc.)(AAFC), etc.) People find us (The Daily or newspapers)People find us (The Daily or newspapers) Internet – links from many sitesInternet – links from many sites ITD Intranet siteITD Intranet site

Regional Office teams = extension of the home division’s client Regional Office teams = extension of the home division’s client service team. service team.

Balance of PaymentsBalance of Payments

Two data series:Two data series: Customs BasedCustoms Based

Derived from Customs administrative Derived from Customs administrative datadata

Balance of Payments (BoP)Balance of Payments (BoP) Derived from Customs based dataDerived from Customs based data Closer conformity to System of National Closer conformity to System of National

Accounts (SNA) conceptsAccounts (SNA) concepts

Customs Vs BoP BasisCustoms Vs BoP Basis

Customs Basis:Customs Basis: Change in material stocksChange in material stocks Based on physical movementBased on physical movement

BoP Basis:BoP Basis: Transactions between residents and Transactions between residents and

non-residentsnon-residents Involves ‘Change of Ownership’Involves ‘Change of Ownership’

BoP PrinciplesBoP Principles

Measures economic transactions Measures economic transactions between residents and non-residents;between residents and non-residents;

TransactionsTransactions: economic flow reflecting the creation, : economic flow reflecting the creation, transformation, exchange, transfer or extinction of transformation, exchange, transfer or extinction of economic value;economic value;

(Not necessarily a (Not necessarily a payment)payment);;

ResidentResident: center of economic interest within an economic : center of economic interest within an economic territory engaging in economic activities/transactions of a territory engaging in economic activities/transactions of a significant scale;significant scale;

Involves Involves change of ownershipchange of ownership of goods or assets, of goods or assets, services or provision of labour or capital;services or provision of labour or capital;

ExampleExample

Non-monetary gold sold by a Canadian Non-monetary gold sold by a Canadian company to a foreign company company to a foreign company (investor). The gold remains in Canada.(investor). The gold remains in Canada.

Customs basisCustoms basis: no trade: no trade

BoP basisBoP basis: trade (change of ownership : trade (change of ownership to a non-resident)to a non-resident)

Main Differences (Goods) – Customs Vs BoPMain Differences (Goods) – Customs Vs BoPCustomsCustoms BoPBoP

Travellers’ goodsTravellers’ goods Include (significant scale)Include (significant scale) Exclude (service)Exclude (service)

Returned goodsReturned goods IncludeInclude Exclude (deduct imp & exp)Exclude (deduct imp & exp)

Migrants’ effectsMigrants’ effects Include (significant scale)Include (significant scale) Include allInclude all

Fish catch, seabed mineralsFish catch, seabed minerals

(national vessel in foreign port or (national vessel in foreign port or high seas)high seas)

ExcludeExclude IncludeInclude

Bunkers, stores, ballast, etcBunkers, stores, ballast, etc ExcludeExclude IncludeInclude

Lost/destroyed goods (shipped Lost/destroyed goods (shipped but not received)but not received)

Imports – excludeImports – exclude

Exports – include if ownership Exports – include if ownership NOT changed;NOT changed;

Exclude if changedExclude if changed

Include if ownership changedInclude if ownership changed

Mobile equipment – sold abroadMobile equipment – sold abroad ExcludeExclude IncludeInclude

Goods for repairGoods for repair ExcludeExclude Include (exc. Construction, Include (exc. Construction, computing, maintenance in computing, maintenance in ports/airports [service])ports/airports [service])

Smuggled goodsSmuggled goods ExcludeExclude IncludeInclude

Project goods by non-residentProject goods by non-resident IncludeInclude Exclude (project = service)Exclude (project = service)

Merchanted goodsMerchanted goods

(goods purchased by resident, (goods purchased by resident, re-sold but not entering Canada)re-sold but not entering Canada)

ExcludeExclude Exclude (generally)Exclude (generally)

Include-bought not re-sold Include-bought not re-sold (Import)(Import)

Include-re-sold in diff. accounting Include-re-sold in diff. accounting period – Negative importperiod – Negative import

ConsiderationsConsiderations

Limitation: Customs data – no change Limitation: Customs data – no change of ownership info (when, where)of ownership info (when, where)

BoP Proxies:BoP Proxies: When: Time of border crossing used When: Time of border crossing used

instead of time of financial recording instead of time of financial recording (accrual basis proxy)(accrual basis proxy)

Where: Country of shipment used Where: Country of shipment used instead of country of origin (imports)instead of country of origin (imports)

BoP AdjustmentsBoP AdjustmentsTable 1

Summary of balance of payments adjustments

Exports ImportsCoverage Petroleum Crude petroleum

Natural gas Mail additionUndercoverage (Non U.S.) Undeclared tobacco

additionCustom software

deductionTiming Grains Late documents,

automotive, partsLate documents, general

Inland freight valuation

Inland freight addition Inland freight addition

Other valuation and residency

Freight and discount deductions (valuation)

Freight deduction (valuation)

Petroleum (valuation) Non-monetary gold addition (residency)

Pre-packaged software U.S. addition (valuation)

Country of shipment (residency)

Non-monetary gold addition (residency)

Export Under CoverageExport Under Coverage A BoP adjustment is made for trade to Non-U.S. A BoP adjustment is made for trade to Non-U.S.

countries for which export customs documents have countries for which export customs documents have not been receivednot been received. .

20020000

$16.8b$16.8b

20020011

$15.9b$15.9b

20020022

$15.5b$15.5b

20020033

$15.4b$15.4b

20020044

$14.5b$14.5b

20020055

$13.0b$13.0b

20020066

$13.9b$13.9b

20020077

$15.3b$15.3b

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Reconciliation Table - Customs to BoPReconciliation Table - Customs to BoP

EXPORTS EXPORTS (millions of dollars)(millions of dollars)

20072007 20062006

DecDec NovNov OctOct SeptSept AugAug JulyJuly AnnuaAnnuall

Customs BasisCustoms Basis 32,5732,5755

35,8835,8855

37,2037,2077

35,6435,6422

37,7137,7100

35,0335,0377

440,272440,272

BoP AdjustmentsBoP Adjustments 2,4862,486 2,2232,223 1,0051,005 1,2611,261 1,0721,072 1,4201,420 15,42415,424

Valuation & ResidencyValuation & Residency

Inland freightInland freight 503503 525525 618618 561561 572572 604604 7,4787,478

Other valuation & res.Other valuation & res. -151-151 -322-322 -1,054-1,054 -908-908 -990-990 -795-795 -13,005-13,005

TimingTiming 480480 9494 -18-18 -16-16 00 -33-33 22

CoverageCoverage 1,6541,654 1,9261,926 1,4591,459 1,6241,624 1,4901,490 1,6441,644 20,94920,949

BoP BasisBoP Basis 35,0635,0611

38,1038,1088

38,2138,2122

36,9036,9033

38,7838,7822

36,4536,4577

455,696455,696

Customs Basis Most frequently requested data

Provides full commodity & country detail

Covers the physical movement of goods as reflected on Customs documents

Summary – Customs Vs BoPSummary – Customs Vs BoP

Balance of Payments Basis (BOP) Adjusted data (e.g. trade coverage, definition, valuation and timing)

Country detail: U.S., Japan, EU, Other OECD, Other

Commodity detail: 64 categories

Conforms with National Accounts concepts and definitions

Intended to cover all economic transactions between residents and non-residents which involve merchandise trade

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ContactsContacts

DataData Marketing & Client ServicesMarketing & Client Services E-mail: Trade@statcan.caE-mail: Trade@statcan.ca Tel: 1-800-294-5583Tel: 1-800-294-5583

ConceptsConcepts Concepts & LiaisonConcepts & Liaison E-mail: Alan.Torrance@statcan.caE-mail: Alan.Torrance@statcan.ca Tel: (613) 951-4805Tel: (613) 951-4805

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Credits

Consultant (Dissemination)……….………………..…Andrea Mathieson

………………………..…Anne Couilliard

……………………………Natasha Maheu

Co-ordination & Animation (Imports).………..… Jennifer Meester

…………….Alan TorranceTeam Leader (Concepts & BoP)..................….. Alan TorranceConsultant (Exports)….………………………….….. Lyn Wilson