1 implementing the common agricultural policy in the new member states and candidate countries tomas...

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Implementing the Common Agricultural PolicyImplementing the Common Agricultural Policyin the New Member States and Candidate Countriesin the New Member States and Candidate Countries

Tomas RatingerTomas Ratinger

Institute for Prospective Technological Studies, SevilleInstitute for Prospective Technological Studies, Seville

Presentation for Presentation for the Workshop on Inventories and Projections GHG and NHthe Workshop on Inventories and Projections GHG and NH3 3 emissions in CEEemissions in CEE

Ispra, 23-24 June, 2005Ispra, 23-24 June, 2005

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OutlineOutline

• IntroductionIntroduction

• Adoption of CAP (Full Scheme, SAPS)Adoption of CAP (Full Scheme, SAPS)

• Implementation (2004)Implementation (2004)

• CAP Reforms in New Member StatesCAP Reforms in New Member States

• Rural Development Plans and the other MeasuresRural Development Plans and the other Measures

• ConclusionsConclusions

IntroductionIntroduction CAP Adoption CAP Adoption ImplementatioImplementationn

Policy ReformPolicy Reform RDPRDP ConclusionConclusion

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IntroductionIntroduction

• Directly addressing the issueDirectly addressing the issue

– Regulations - taxesRegulations - taxes

– Payments for changing practicesPayments for changing practices

– Support to innovationSupport to innovation

• Or indirectlyOr indirectly

– Affecting extent and intensity of production Affecting extent and intensity of production

• Number of animals, crop intensity, etc.Number of animals, crop intensity, etc.

– Changing practices (when aimed at other issues)Changing practices (when aimed at other issues)



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IntroductionIntroduction

• Directly addressing the issueDirectly addressing the issue

– Regulations - taxesRegulations - taxes

– Payments for changing practicesPayments for changing practices

– Support to innovationSupport to innovation

• Or indirectlyOr indirectly

– Affecting extent and intensity of productionAffecting extent and intensity of production

• Number of animals, crop intensity, etc.Number of animals, crop intensity, etc.

– Changing practices (when aimed at other issues)Changing practices (when aimed at other issues)



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Adoption of CAP in NMSAdoption of CAP in NMS

• In the framework of Agenda 2000 In the framework of Agenda 2000

– Council decission (EC) No 281/2004Council decission (EC) No 281/2004

• Not full payments, butNot full payments, but

– gradually increasing from 25% in 2004 to 100% in 2013gradually increasing from 25% in 2004 to 100% in 2013

– the possibility to grant additional support: Complementary National the possibility to grant additional support: Complementary National Direct Payment (CNDP, called “top-ups”)Direct Payment (CNDP, called “top-ups”)

• SchemesSchemes

– Full Agenda 2000 (grand cultures, headage premiums, set-aside)Full Agenda 2000 (grand cultures, headage premiums, set-aside)

– Simplified: Single Area Payment Scheme Simplified: Single Area Payment Scheme

• a flat rate calculated from the national envelope per hectare of UAAa flat rate calculated from the national envelope per hectare of UAA

• in good agricultural conditions i.e. Good Agricultural Practices have in good agricultural conditions i.e. Good Agricultural Practices have to be defined.to be defined.

– No hybridsNo hybrids

IntroductionIntroduction CAP AdoptionCAP Adoption ImplementatioImplementationn


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Adoption of CAPAdoption of CAP

• Top-ups (CNDP)Top-ups (CNDP)

– To meet specific needs of NMSTo meet specific needs of NMS

– Up to 30% of the EU 15 levelUp to 30% of the EU 15 level

– Independently if SAPS or notIndependently if SAPS or not

– Financed from the national budget or transfers from RD funds Financed from the national budget or transfers from RD funds possiblepossible

• (20, 20, 20) or (25, 20, 15) percent transfer schemes from (20, 20, 20) or (25, 20, 15) percent transfer schemes from the RD funds for 2004, 2005, 2006 respectivelythe RD funds for 2004, 2005, 2006 respectively

– Commission (will) authorises them each yearCommission (will) authorises them each year

IntroductionIntroduction CAP AdoptionCAP Adoption ImplementatioImplementationn


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Implementation of CAP in NMS (2004)Implementation of CAP in NMS (2004)

ESTEST SAPS, CNDP (4)SAPS, CNDP (4)

LVLV SAPS, CNDP (8)SAPS, CNDP (8)

LTLT SAPS, CNDP (6)SAPS, CNDP (6)

PLPL SAPS, CNDP (4)SAPS, CNDP (4)

CZCZ SAPS, CNDP (5)*SAPS, CNDP (5)*

SKSK SAPS, CNDP (1)SAPS, CNDP (1)

HUHU SAPS, CNDP (10)SAPS, CNDP (10)

CYCY SAPS, CNDPSAPS, CNDP

BG, RO: SAPS and CNDP? – or directly SPSSI, MA: full scheme



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Specific support to livestock in CNDPSpecific support to livestock in CNDP

ESTEST Suckl. Cows, BullsSuckl. Cows, Bulls

LVLV Suckl. Cows, Slaug.P., MilkSuckl. Cows, Slaug.P., Milk

LTLT Suckl. Cows, Bulls, Slaug.PSuckl. Cows, Bulls, Slaug.P

PLPL

CZCZ LU of bovine, Suckl. CowsLU of bovine, Suckl. Cows

SKSK

HUHU Suckl. Cows, Beef, Milk, Suckl. Cows, Beef, Milk, EweEwe

CYCY ??

BG, RO:?SI, MA: part of the full scheme



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Transfers from RD funds to CNDPTransfers from RD funds to CNDP

ESTEST MaximumMaximum

LVLV Less than maximumLess than maximum

LTLT MaximumMaximum

PLPL MaximumMaximum

CZCZ

SKSK MaximumMaximum

HUHU

CYCY ??

BG, RO: ?SI Almost maximum



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Implementation of SAPS in 2004Implementation of SAPS in 2004



0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

CY CZ EST HU LV LT PL SK

the

sh

are

on

TA

L

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

EU

R/h

a

Share of TAL Payment

• Differences due to:Differences due to:

• The share of supported productionThe share of supported production

– Grand cultures x other crops and grasslandsGrand cultures x other crops and grasslands

– Intensity of livestock (on grasslands)Intensity of livestock (on grasslands)

• The share of abandoned landThe share of abandoned land

– in the reference period in the reference period

– and the number (and area) of farmers applyingand the number (and area) of farmers applying

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CAP Reforms and NMSCAP Reforms and NMS

• Introduction of SPS (Single Payment Scheme, EC Introduction of SPS (Single Payment Scheme, EC 1782/2003): 1782/2003):

• Slovenia and Malta (Full scheme)Slovenia and Malta (Full scheme)

– may delay the introduction of the SPS in 2006 or 2007 (Slovenia may delay the introduction of the SPS in 2006 or 2007 (Slovenia 2007)2007)

• The other 8 countries The other 8 countries

– may continue SAPS until 2008may continue SAPS until 2008

– CZ, SK, LT, PL have indicated to keep SAPS until 2008CZ, SK, LT, PL have indicated to keep SAPS until 2008

• Expected implication of the adoption of reforms in Expected implication of the adoption of reforms in NMSNMS

– Further decoupling – eliminating direct incentive to raise livestock Further decoupling – eliminating direct incentive to raise livestock unless livestock remains partially coupled (LT)unless livestock remains partially coupled (LT)

– Cross compliance –indirect effect (direct only if some MS include)Cross compliance –indirect effect (direct only if some MS include)

• Small farmers might find difficult to invest and will have to quitSmall farmers might find difficult to invest and will have to quit



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RD and the other measures in NMSRD and the other measures in NMS

• SAPARD, OP and RD Plans for 2004-2006SAPARD, OP and RD Plans for 2004-2006

• Relevant measureRelevant measure

– Investment in Operation Programmes Investment in Operation Programmes

– Extensive livestock, certain practices in Agri-environmental Extensive livestock, certain practices in Agri-environmental schemesschemes

• State aidState aid

– Specific support to address animal waste management (e.g. LT)Specific support to address animal waste management (e.g. LT)

• Adoption of the Nitrate DirectiveAdoption of the Nitrate Directive



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RD measures in NMSRD measures in NMS

• ModernisationModernisation

– New investment New investment should be more should be more environmentally environmentally friendly in generalfriendly in general

– But may lead to But may lead to more livestockmore livestock

– Specifically Specifically targeted targeted investment investment support - ?support - ?uptake?uptake?

• Organic farmingOrganic farming



ESESTT

Investment in improving Investment in improving manure storage, livestock manure storage, livestock housing, OFhousing, OF

CZCZ Investment in improving Investment in improving manure storage and manure storage and management, OFmanagement, OF

HUHU Investment in Agriculture Investment in Agriculture (aimed at livestock), IF, OF(aimed at livestock), IF, OF

LTLT Animal breeding, Improving Animal breeding, Improving waste management waste management (investment), OF(investment), OF

LVLV Investment in FH (aimed at Investment in FH (aimed at Livestock), OFLivestock), OF

PLPL Investment in FH (aimed at Investment in FH (aimed at livestock) , IF and OFlivestock) , IF and OF

SISI OFOF

SKSK Modernisation of manure Modernisation of manure storages, improved manure storages, improved manure management, OFmanagement, OF

FH farm holdings, OF organic farming, IF Integrated farming

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ConclusionsConclusions

• Although emissions of GHG and NHAlthough emissions of GHG and NH33 are not are not among the main objectives of agricultural policies among the main objectives of agricultural policies in NMS they are addressed indirectly (joint effect in NMS they are addressed indirectly (joint effect of the other measures)of the other measures)

• In the most cases, GHG emissions are mentioned In the most cases, GHG emissions are mentioned in programming documents/ countries are aware.in programming documents/ countries are aware.

• While related (direct and indirect) measures (e.g. While related (direct and indirect) measures (e.g. investment) exist – we do not know the uptake.investment) exist – we do not know the uptake.



1 implementing the common agricultural policy in the new member states and candidate countries tomas...

Documents

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implementation of cap

saps implementation

implementation of saps

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