1

Cognitive Development

EDC 312

Chapter 5

Dr. Diane Kern

2

Admit activity

Piaget suggests that there are four stages of cognitive development (see text). Think about the age group you hope to work with (birth to 2, age 2-7; age 7-13 or age 12-adult) and then describe the stage of cognitive development you anticipate in your learners and TWO ways that you will plan to meet the needs of learners at this stage of cognitive development.

3

What and why (declarative knowledge!)Children and adolescents reach various

developmental milestones in a somewhat predictable sequence.

This chapter on cognitive development will help you to better understand these patterns of development and the theory behind our teaching practice.

You will also learn practical ways to encourage all students’ cognitive development.

4

Key Theorists and Theories

Piaget—Cognitive Developmental theory

Chomsky—Nativism Vygotsky—Sociocultural theory Flavell—Information Processing theory Freud and Erikson—Psychodynamic

theory

5

Thinking becomes increasingly more abstract with development

PIAGET Sensorimotor Preoperational Concrete operations Formal operations

6

Nativism

Chomsky challenged the behaviorists’ theories of cognitive development in the 1950s.

Nativism is the view that certain skills or abilities are 'native' or hard wired into the brain at birth.

7

Accommodating developmental differences and diversity Be mindful to interpret

intelligence test results cautiously

Giftedness? Learning Disability?

Mental Retardation? ADD/ADHD?

8

Intelligence & Multiple Intelligences

Define IQ, distributed

intelligence Multiple Intelligencesby HowardGardner Take the quiz

9

Sociocultural theory

Emphasis on role of social interaction and students’ culture in directing cognitive development.

Vygotsky-zone of proximal

development

10

Information Processing Theory

Flavell (1976) states that metacognition is knowledge and beliefs about ones own cognitive processes.

Knowledge and regulation of cognition Thinking is developmental; it changes as

one grows. 3 categories of knowledge: Person, Task

and Strategy variables

Psychodynamic theory

Freud Erikson

Identity formation Sense of self More Ch. 7

11

12

Practical implications

Encourage play, discovery learning, exploration to solve problems

Share wisdom (scaffold learning) Hands-on early grades, gradually increase abstract

ideas/activities Reciprocal teaching Guided participation, cognitive apprenticeship Cultural considerations: social AND academic skills

vs. speed vs. verbal vs. precision…

13

Exit activity

Cognitive Development Video Clip

What are some possible reasons that Herb is catching more fish than the others?

Be sure to observe how experience with fishing affects Kent’s and Alicia’s ability to identify relevant variables in middle childhood and late adolescence.

Offer 2 practical implications for instruction based on what you’ve observed and learned about stage theories and cognitive development.