11

ARTIFACTS:ARTIFACTS:AN UNWANTED DENSITYAN UNWANTED DENSITYON THE FILMON THE FILM

http://www.xray2000.co.uk/

22

Artifacts - TypesArtifacts - Types

Processing ArtifactsProcessing Artifacts

Exposure ArtifactsExposure Artifacts

Handling & Storage Handling & Storage ArtifactsArtifacts

33

Processing ArtifactsProcessing Artifacts

Emulsion pickoffEmulsion pickoff Chemical fogChemical fog Guide-shoe marksGuide-shoe marks Water marksWater marks Chemical spotsChemical spots Guide-shoe & roller scratchesGuide-shoe & roller scratches

44

Developer Spots

55Water spot

66

Discolored film due to hypo (fixer) retention.

Chemicals not washed off – over time will turn

film brown

77

Scratch marks from rollers in automatic processor.

88

Exposure ArtifactsExposure Artifacts

MotionMotion Improper patient positionImproper patient position Wrong screen-film matchWrong screen-film match Poor film/screen contactPoor film/screen contact Double exposureDouble exposure Warped cassetteWarped cassette Improper grid positionImproper grid position

99

ArtifactArtifact

1010

1111

Blurred image due to patient motion

1212

PATIENT ARTIFACT - PATIENT ARTIFACT - JEWERLYJEWERLY

1313

Handling & Storage Handling & Storage ArtifactsArtifacts Light fogLight fog Radiation fogRadiation fog StaticStatic Kink marksKink marks ScratchesScratches Dirty cassettesDirty cassettes

1414

Crimping /cresent Crimping /cresent markmark

1515

Double Exposure

2 exposures made on top of each other –

from poor handling of cassettes

1616

1717

Static electricity

1818

Dirt on screen mimicking a foreign object.

1919

Scratch marks from improper handling.

2020

Light fog

2121

Kink mark or nail pressure mark

2222

castcast

2323

POOR SCREEN POOR SCREEN CONTACTCONTACT

2424

Patient motionPatient motion

2525

motionmotion

2626

Double Double exposureexposure

ChildChild

2727

PoorPoorscreen screen contactcontact

2828

Double exposureDouble exposure

2929

??

3030

??

3131

3232

Pt clothing

3333

Hip replacement

3434

2 chest tubes in the patient

3535Patient swallowed batteriesWhat size are they?

3636

3737

PATHOLOGY NOT PATHOLOGY NOT ARTIFACTARTIFACT

3838

Name &Name & cause causeof this?of this?

3939

scratches

4040

Digital image

Mis-

Registration

error

4141

Roller marks from film stuck –

then pulled from processor

4242

Hardware

In cervical

spine

4343

Dust in imaging plate can Dust in imaging plate can cause white marks on cause white marks on image image

Both in film/screen and Both in film/screen and computed radiographycomputed radiography

4444

E E G MONITOR

4545

What do you

See?

2 exposures

4646

4747

4848

Evaluating ImagesEvaluating Images

What do you think?What do you think?

4949

See anythingSee anythingwrong wrong

with with this this

image?image?

5050

Contrast? What influences this? (kVp in Contrast? What influences this? (kVp in f/s)f/s)

5151

Collimation – reducing the size of beamCollimation – reducing the size of beamhelps to improve the image, and reduce the helps to improve the image, and reduce the dose to the patientdose to the patient

5252

?