1 a&p 1 histology labs #10 - dense connective tissue id...

1 A&P 1

Histology Labs #10 - Dense Connective Tissue ID Lab Exercises

Have someone in your group read the following out loud, while the others read along:

In this "Lab Exercise", we will be looking at some of the common Dense Connective Tissues. We cannot cover them all here; the student may be responsible for more on their own! Many connective tissues have more than one name. This guide will include alternative names in parentheses. For example, when you look at the next page, you will see:

Step 1. Know what your instructor wants you to know about Dense Regular Tissues (White, Fibrous, Collagenous)

This is because this tissue has a lot of common names! It is easier to study these tissues by comparing them, so most steps will have the student compare more than one tissue at a time! You will need 2 microscopes at your station. PLEASE NOTE: Your group will be needing a microscope at the workstation. All of the steps in this guide are designed to be done at the workstation. DO NOT use a microscope that is already set up in the room, being used as a demo. Instead, get a new one from the microscope storage, get out a power cord, plug the cord into the microscope, and use the microscope at your station! This guide will assume that you have already done any readings, or watched any videos, your instructor has required. If you haven't, you'd better do that before going through this guide! Appendix 1 has a photo of the "Connective Tissue" wall chart. Use it to label. Appendix 2 has some sample slides, with some examples of "Descriptive Terms" from students in the past. Take a look at these. Use Appendix 2 after you have tried to come up with your own, as a way of comparing what you see with what others see. Try of see what they see. The Steps found in this "Lab Exercise Guide" should be done in the order they are found.

2 Step 1. Know what your instructor wants you to know about Dense Regular and Dense Irregular Connective Tissue Have someone in your group read the following out loud, while the others read along:

Opening Paragraph (we'll be referring to this later) These should be done using the image below, and the wall chart. If another group is using the wall chart, you can get by with the image.

Read me!

3

Q1. Where are both Dense Regular and Dense Irregular tissues found? Write down a short list of where you might find this tissue, Include the role it plays. Concentrate on anything your instructor told you.

Dense Regular - Dense Irregular -

Q2. Name the cells of these tissues. Write the names of any cells that makes the tissue. Limit yourself to the name of the "mature" cell (the names that end in "cyte"). HINT: it is the same for both! Q3. ID the "Supporting cells and Matrix Components of these tissues Write the names of any OTHER cells (immune cells, other supporting cells) that you might find in the tissue. Also write down any other features you might see. Only include the cells and features that your instructor wants you to know!! If the answer is "none", write that down!

4 Step 2. ID Dense Regular & Dense Irregular Tissues (Loose Regular Proper)


Opening Paragraph (we'll be referring to this later) Some books (and instructors) include a separate tissue called "Elastic" in this group. This guide will not discuss "Elastic Tissue". It is the student's responsibility to know whether or not they need to know "Elastic Tissue". These 2 tissues are closely related. They both are characterized by a lot of collagen fibers, although the fibers are arranged differently: Here is what the image in your text probably looks like: Dense Regular tissue, 400X Dense Irregular tissue, 400X

Q4. Go ahead and write down a Descriptor Term Right Now under each photo!!

Read me!

5

#1

#2

#3

#4

#5

Follow the numbered steps, answering questions along the way: First, let's find the "Dense Regular" and "Dense Irregular" table in either our lecture or lab book. Look a the image in your book. Find where they indicate the cell that is responsible for producing and maintaining this tissue.

Q5. Write down its name in the box: There are several slide trays in the room. Go and get a slide from:

Dense Regular (slide marked "Human White Fibrous-Tendon") tray. Dense Irregular (slide marked "Human Elastic Tissue") tray.

Now, we are going to put them in a microscope. Make sure your scopes are on low power (40x). Focus the slides. Not much can be seen at this power, so we are going to move on. Now move quickly to 100X (middle power). Find an area that look like these: Dense Regular 100X Dense Irregular/Elastic 100X

6

#6

Q6. On the microscope (not the photo), can you see a cell? A nucleus? Can you see cell shape?

REALLY TRY!!! But answer honestly:

YES NO Not Sure

Now, we will zoom in. Find something that looks like the photos below at 400X on each:

Dense Regular 400X Dense Irregular/Elastic 400X

Q7. On the microscope (not the above photo), can you see:

A fibroblast nucleus on both? ( Y or N ) Any of the structures you named in the previous section entitled "ID the 'Supporting cells' and Matrix "? ( Y or N )

(If your answer is still "no", ask your instructor for help) Q8. On the previous photo (not the above photo), now go back to LOW POWER. Now can you see cells, nuclei, and cell shape at this low power?

7 #7 You may be tested on this tissue at 100X or 400X.

Q9. Go up to 100X (middle power). Draw what you see in the boxes below. Label the cells and any other structures you need to know. Write the power and a descriptor term below each.


Power:

Descriptor: (compare your terms to some examples in "Appendix 2") Then go to 400X (high power):


Power:

Descriptor:

8 #8

#9

Compare your terms to those of past students

Examples of Some Descriptive Terms for Some Tissues

(some thoughts from past students)

Dense Regular: "Tranquil sea waves" "Lasagna" "Rope or String" Dense Regular Photo of calm waves Dense Irregular: "Violent waves" "How Vincent van Gogh paints" Dense Irregular van Gogh's Wheatfield, with Cypresses

Last Step: Compare your slide to the image in your book and the wall chart.

9 Step 3. Know what your instructor wants you to know about

The Cartilage Tissues Have someone in your group read the following out loud, while the others read along:

Opening Paragraph (we'll be referring to this later) There are 3 cartilage tissues in the body: hyaline, elastic and fibrocartilage. This step should be done using the wall chart entitled "Connective Tissue". If another group is using the wall chart, you can get by with the image below.

Read me!

10 Q6. Where are tissues found? Write down a short list of where you might find this tissue, Include the role it plays. Concentrate on anything your instructor told you. Your book will also have examples. If the answer is "I do not have to know that one!", write that down!

Hyaline: Elastic Cartilage: Fibrocartilage:

Q10. Name the cells of Cartilage Tissue. Write the names of the mature cells (the names that end in "cyte"). Q11. ID the "Supporting cells and Matrix Components of Cartilage Tissue. Write down any other features you might see. Only include the features that your instructor wants you to ID!! If the answer is "none", write that down!

Hyaline: Elastic Cartilage: Fibrocartilage:

11 Step 4. ID Cartilage Tissues


Opening Paragraph (we'll be referring to this later) Our group is on our own for looking at the cartilages. Hopefully, we have learned enough from looking at the other tissues using the guides to guide ourselves! We should follow the pattern schedule for each of the cartilage types: 1. Write down the cells you have to know on the slides. 2. Write down any other structures or features the instructor wants you to know. 3. Find the slides needed. The next page will tell you that for each cartilage type. 4. Understand which power is needed to ID the tissue best. That will also be on the next page for each cartilage type. Check with the instructor's instructions, as they might want something different! 5. Get out as many microscopes as there are cartilage types. Put the slides on the microscope. Scan around until you see something similar to the images in the book, or on the wall chart. 6. TRY HARD to ID cells or other features at this power. Don't worry if you can't...we'll be zooming in to the power we need. 7. Zoom in! 8. Make a drawing! Note the power! Think of a descriptor term. 9. Look for similarities between how the slide looks, the images in the text, and the wall chart in the room! Look to see if there are some example descriptor term in the Appendix. Let's Go!

Read me!

12 #1 Hyaline Cartilage:

Slide marked "Trachea" or "Hyaline Cartilage" ID at 40X, 100X, 400X Also, you can use the slide to review "Glands" & "Pseudostratified Columnar", as they are both seen on the slide. Cells & Structures to know: Drawings & Notations:

Hyaline Cartilage: "Ice with water drops" Hyaline Cartilage, 400X Photo of ice on window with water drops

Special step

13

#2

Elastic Cartilage: Slide marked "Cartilage, Elastic" ID at 100X, but maybe draw other powers to help ID. Especially important, look at how slide looks at low power. Cells & Structures to know: Drawings & Notations:

14 #3 Fibrocartilage:

Slide marked "Cartilage, Fibrous" ID at 400X. Compare to "Dense Regular" ("fibrous") tissue. Cells & Structures to know: Drawings & Notations:

15 Step 5. Know what your instructor wants you to know about The Osseous Tissues Have someone in your group read the following out loud, while the others read along: There are 2 osseous (bone) tissues in the body: spongy & compact. Many instructors only want the student to look at one or the other. Make sure you know what the instructor wants! Circle which slides you need: Compact Bone Spongy Bone These should be done using the images in the text, and the wall chart.

Q12. Where are tissues found? Write down a short list of where you might find this tissue, Include the role it plays. Concentrate on anything your instructor told you. Your book will also have examples. If the answer is "I do not have to know that one!", write that down!

Spongy Bone: Compact Bone:

Q13. Name the cells of Bone Tissue. Write the names of the mature cells (the names that end in "cyte"). Q14. ID the "Supporting Cells and Matrix Components of Osseous Tissue. Write down any other features you might see. Only include the features that your instructor wants you to ID!! If the answer is "none", write that down!

Read me!

16 Step 6. ID Osseous Tissues


Opening Paragraph (we'll be referring to this later) Our group is on our own for looking at the bone tissues. Hopefully, we have learned enough from looking at the other tissues using the guides to guide ourselves! We should follow the pattern schedule for each of the cartilage types: 1. Write down the cells you have to know on the slides. 2. Write down any other structures or features the instructor wants you to know. 3. Find the slides needed. The next page will tell you that for each bone type. 4. Understand which power is needed to ID the tissue best. That will also be on the next page for each bone type. Check with the instructor's instructions, as they might want something different! 5. Get out as many microscopes as there are bone types. Put the slides on the microscope. Scan around until you see something similar to the images in the book, or on the wall chart. 6. TRY HARD to ID cells or other features at this power. Don't worry if you can't...we'll be zooming in to the power we need. 7. Zoom in! 8. Make a drawing! Note the power! Think of a descriptor term. 9. Look for similarities between how the slide looks, the images in the text, and the wall chart in the room! Look to see if there are some example descriptor term in the Appendix. Let's Go!

Read me!

17

#1 Compact Bone (Dense Bone): Slide marked "Bone, Dry Ground" ID at 100X, but maybe draw other powers to help ID. Especially important, look at how slide looks at high power to ID small structures. Cells & Structures to know: Drawings & Notations:

18 #2 Spongy Bone (Cancellous Bone):

Check with the instructor to make sure this tissue is needed! Many instructors skip spongy bone! Slide marked "Bone, Cancellous" or "Bone, Spongy" ID at 100X, but maybe draw other powers to help ID. Especially important, look at how slide looks at high power to ID small structures. Cells & Structures to know: Drawings & Notations:

Spongy Bone "Looks like Hyaline Cartilage with some fat and crystal-looking stuff!" Author's note: Those are osteocytes on spongy bone, not chondrocytes!

19 #3 Tissues that resemble other tissues

Q12. Below is a photo with 3 tissue slides that are sometimes confused on an exam:

Dense regular, Fibrocartilage, Hyaline Cartilage, and Spongy Bone Which is which? Remember to use your "Descriptor Terms", and concentrate on finding nuclei. Label them:

1 a&p 1 histology labs #10 - dense connective tissue id...

Documents