08 tm2100eu02tm 0001 siemens solution

8/13/2019 08 Tm2100eu02tm 0001 Siemens Solution

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Siemens Solution Siemens

TM2100EU02TM_00011

Contents

1 SBS - Siemens Base Station System 3

1.1 Base Transceiver Station Equipment BTSE 4

1.2 BSC 14

1.3 TRAU 222 D900/D1800SSS - Switching Subsystem 27

2.1 D900/D1800SSS Architecture 28

2.2 Line/Trunk Group LTG 32

2.3 Data Service Unit DSU 38

2.4 Switching Network SNB 40

2.5 Signaling System Network Control SSNC 46

2.6 Coordination Area 50

2.7 Summary D900/D1800SSS 54

3 Operation & Maintenance 57

Siemens Solution


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Siemens Siemens Solution

TM2100EU02TM_00012


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TM2100EU02TM_00013

1 SBS - Siemens Base Station SystemSiemens Solution

SBSSiemens Base Station system

OMS-BOperation & Maintenance

Subsystem for the BSS

BTSEBase TransceiverStation Equipment

BSCBase Station

Controller

TRAUTranscoding & Rate

Adaptation Unit

LMTLocal Maintenance

Terminal LMTLMT

MSMobile

Station

MSCMobile Services

switching Center

Um A

T T T

O

SBSNSS

Network SwitchingSubsystem

Abis Asub

Fig. 1


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TM2100EU02TM_00014

SBS Siemens Base Station system

The BSS consists in the SBS solution of the Base Station Controllers BSC, Base

Transceiver Station Equipment BTSE, Transcoding & Rate Adaptation Unit TRAUand the Local Maintenance Terminal LMT. The following SBS description is based onBR5.5.

1.1 Base Transceiver Station Equipment BTSEThe BTSE comprise the entire radio equipment in a given site for a single cell (Omni-Cell) or a group of cells (Sector Cells), each of which (as a BTS) is characterized byits own particular Base Station Identification Code BSIC. The BTSE is interfaced to

the MS in the cells it serves via the open interface Um and to the BSC via theproprietary Abis interface. For local O&M an LMT can be connected to the BTSE viaproprietary T-interface.

The BTSE is responsible for the reliable transmission of user data & signaling via theUm interface. Central functions of the BTSE are:

Forward Error Correction FEC, i.e. encoding & interleaving of the data for Umtransmission

(De-) ciphering to prevent eavesdropping Burst building HF-generation (400 / 900 / 1800 / 1900 MHz range) Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying GMSK Modulation Filtering & Amplification Frequency Hopping (optional) Synchronization of the transmission in time and frequency Transmission & Reception Monitoring & optimization of transmission quality

Handover Recognition Transmission of Measurement Reports to the BSC for Handover decision Power Control PC Timing Advance TA


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TM2100EU02TM_00015

The BTSEOverview functions

connected via Um / Abis/ T to MS / BSC / LMT

comprises entire radio equipment in a given site

serves 1 / several BTS, i.e. Omni / Sector - Cell(s)

central functions: reliable transmission via Um: FEC (encoding & interleaving) (De-) ciphering Burst building HF-generation GMSK Modulation Filtering & Amplification Frequency hopping Synchronization (time & frequency)Transmission & Reception Monitoring & optimization of transmission quality Handover Recognition Measurement Reports to BSC Power Control PC Timing Advance TA

Abis

Um

LMTT

BSC

Fig. 2


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TM2100EU02TM_00016

The BTSE family

Siemens offers a large variety of BTSE variants for flexible and cost-efficient network

configuration. The BS11, BS20/21/22 (BS2x) and BS60/61 (BS6x) are the classicalBTSE variants, the BS240/241/242 (BS24x), BS82 and BS40/41 (BS4x) are newvariants. All BTSE are compatible on Abis-level.

The BS11 (Micro-BTS) is used for outdoor applications, e.g. for micro-cells (out ofproduction).

The BS2x and BS6x encompass all standard types with a maximum capacity of upto 2 or 6 TRXs for both indoor or outdoor applications. The internal architecture isvery similar.

The BS2x family with up to 2 TRX per rack can be supplied in 3 versions:

BS20 for indoor installation BS21 for outdoor installation BS22 for indoor & outdoor applications in confined spacesThe BS6x family with up to 6 TRX per rack can be supplied in 2 versions:

BS60 for indoor installation BS61 for outdoor installationThe new BS24x offers highest modularity and flexibility, low volume per carrier ,minimized power consumption and costs. The BS24x platform is the basis for the

migration strategy to UMTS (GSM, GPRS, EDGE). The modular HW/SW conceptand mechanical handling will be identical. The BS4x family and the BS82 (eMicro)are derived from the BS24x platform .

The BS24x family with up to 24 TRX is available in the following versions:

BS240 for indoor installation BS241 for outdoor installation BS242 (Pico-BTS) for indoor installation consists in a spit BTS architecture with a

core part called Server and up to 24 remote TRXs called Agent.

The BS4x family with up to 4 TRX is available in the following versions:

BS40 for indoor installation BS41 for outdoor installationThe BS82 (eMicro) with up to 8 TRX (indoor & outdoor installation) addresses allkinds of micro cellular applications.


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TM2100EU02TM_00017

BS 11

Indoor

max.TRX/BTSE 2

RemarksMicroBTS

BTSE family

20

x

2

21

2

22

x

2

smallersize

40

x

4

41

4

60

x

6

61

6

max.TRX/cell 2 2 2 2 4 4 6 6

Outdoor x x x x x

GSM900 x x x x x x x xGSM1800 x x x x x x x xGSM1900 x u.s. x u.s. x x x x

GSM-R u.s. x x u.s. x x

from: TED-BSS A30808-X3247-H10-1-7618

07/2000; for BR 5.5

U.s.: under study

BS2x

family

BS6x

family

Sizesuit-case

1 Rack1 Rack

(from BS 24x)1 Rack

240

x

24

241

24

242

x

24

PicoBTS

12 12 12

x

x x x

x x x

x x x

x x

BS24x

family

Server

+ 24remote

Agents

(TRX)

1 Basic Rack,2 Extension

Racks

New: more flexibility combining carrier/cell easier rack extension based on BS24x family

82

x

8

eMicroBTS

8

x

x

xu.s.

u.s.

1/2

Racks

BS4x

family

Fig. 3


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TM2100EU02TM_00018

BS240: Units & Modules

The new BS24x and BS4x family are based on the same HW platform (same

modules). The fully equipped BS240/241 consists of one Base Rack, 2 ExtensionRacks and 2 Service Racks; it is expandable up to 24 TRX (each Base / ExtensionRack with up to 8 TRX). In the following the BS240 is described.

Base & Extension Racks are equipped in the same way with:

Antenna Combiner ACOM Multi Coppler MUCO Carrier Unit CUAlarm Collector Terminal ACTThe Base Rack additionally contains the Core modules: Core Basis COBA2P8 Core Satellite COSA6P16The Service Racks contain the AC/DC modules, battery backup and the LineEquipment LE.

Core Modules: COBA & COSA

COBA & COSA modules are responsible for local control of the BTSE, generation of

the system clocks, providing of up to 8 Abis-interfaces (PCM30/24) to BSC or otherBTSEs, routing of the Abis data to up to 24 CUs, providing an interface to the LMTand handling & processing of O&M messages. For redundancy the core modules canbe duplicated.

Core Basis COBA2P8

The COBA is the central board of the core. The functionality of the advanced clockgeneration ACLK and the Base Core Controller BCC of the entire BTSE areintegrated. 2 PCM30/24 Abis interfaces and 8 interfaces to CUs are available onCOBA2P8.

The BCC maintains the SW of all BTSE units in Flash-EPROM, supervises the SWdownload and terminates all internal system alarms. Beside the O&M functions theBCC handles the signaling messages between BSC (Abis) and CUs (CU-link).


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TM2100EU02TM_00019

BS 240: units & modules

CU

0

CU

1

CU

4

CU

5

ONONONONONON O NONO NONONON

BS-240

A

COM

1

A

COM

0

A

COM

2

A

COM

3

MUCO0

MUCO

1

s

CU

2

CU

3

CU

6

CU

7

Air inlet

Air inlet

Air inlet

DC_PanelACT_C

CU

0

CU

1

CU

4

CU

5

O NONONONONON ONONONONONON

BS-240

A

COM

1

A

COM

0

A

COM

2

A

COM

3

MUCO0

MUCO

1

s

CU2

CU3

CU6

CU7

Air inlet

Air inlet

Air inlet

DC_PanelACT_C

CU

0

CU

1

CU

4

CU

5

ONONONONONON O NONO NONONON

BS-240

A

COM

1

A

COM

0

A

COM

2

A

COM

3

MUCO

0

MUCO1

s

CU2

CU3

CU6

CU7

Air inlet

Air inlet

Air inlet

DC_PanelACT_C

COBA

0

COSA

0

COSA

1

COBA

1

Base Rack Extension RackExtension Rack

Antenna Combiner

ACOM

Multi Coppler

MUCO

Carrier Unit

CU

Core Basis

COBA2P8

Core Satellite

COSA6P16

Alarm Collector

Terminal ACT

H:

1600

mm

W: 600 mm D:

450 mm

Service

Racks:

AC/DC

modules,

battery

& LE

LE: Line Equipment

Fig. 4


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TM2100EU02TM_000110

Core Satellite COSA6P16

For interface and feature extension the COBA can be expanded with one COSA. The

COSA6P16 module offers 6 PCM30/24 interfaces for Abis and 16 interfaces to CUs.The COSA is controlled from the COBA.

Antenna Combiner ACOM / Multi Coppler MUCO

For the UL & DL transmission of data the Duplexer Amplifier MultiCoupler DUAMCOcan be used.

Furthermore, for DL transmission the Filter Combiner FICOM (DL only) can be used.In this case, for the UL reception the DI Amplifier Multi Coupler DIAMCO (UL only)can be used.

Duplexer Amplifier Multi Coupler DUAMCO

The DUAMCO can be used in UL & DL direction. It combines up to 4 TRX to oneantenna. It contains filters in order to combine the transmit path TX and the receivingpath RX to one antenna connector. The RX path consists of a low noise amplifierLNA and a power splitter. The TX path consists of isolators, a hybrid coupler and anantenna supervision unit ASU. The DUAMCO has 2 different operation modes: the

AMCO mode where no Tower Mounted Amplifier TMA is used, and the MUCO modein case a TMA is used.

Filter Combiner FICOM

The FICOM can be used in DL direction only. It combines up to 8 TRX of one rack toone antenna using remote tunable narrowband filters. For the UL direction (RX) theDIAMCO has to be used to filter and distribute the received signals to the CUs.

DI(=2) Amplifier MultiCoupler DIAMCO

The DIAMCO can be used in UL direction only. It contains receive filters, low noiseamplifiers LNAs and power splitters. Thus it filters the received signals and distributes

them to the CUs. For DL direction, the FICOM has to be used.


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TM2100EU02TM_000111

BS 240 Modules

CU

0

CU

1

CU

4

CU

5

ONONONONONON O NONONONONON

BS-240

AC

OM

1

AC

OM

0

AC

OM

2

AC

OM

3

MUCO

0

MUCO

1

s

CU

2

CU

3

CU

6

CU

7

Air inlet

Air inlet

Air inlet

DC_PanelACT_C

COBA

0

COSA

0

COSA

1

COBA

1

Antenna Combiner ACOM

Duplexer Amplifier Multi CouplerDUAMCO (DL & UL): combines up to 4 carrier to 1 antenna amplifies received signals

Filter Combiner FICOM (DL only): combines up to 8 frequencies in DL remote tunable narrowband filters needs DIAMCO for UL

Multi Coppler MUCODI(=2) Amplifier MultiCoupler DIAMCO: UL only (needs FICOM for DL)

filters & amplifies received signalsdistributes to the CUs

Carrier Unit CUData conversion: Abis Um: DL: TRAU frames RF signals UL: 2 RF signals* TRAU frames up to 8 TRX / rack

Core Satellite

COSA6P16COBA extension 6 PCM30/24

16 CU Interfaces

Alarm Collector Terminal ACT

collect alarms (units without Core access) external alarms e.g. rack/shelter, operator alarms,.. internal alarms e.g. door, fans

same modules

used in

BS240/241 & BS40/41

*antenna diversity

Core: COBA & COSA

local BTSE control generating system clock

Abis Interface (BSC / BTSEs)

routing Abis data CUs LMT Interface processing O&M messages

redundancy optional

FAN FAN

FAN FAN

FAN FAN

Core Basis COBA2P8central Core board Clock & Core controller 2 PCM30/24

8 CU Interfaces

Fig. 5


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TM2100EU02TM_000112

Alarm Collector Terminal ACT

The ACT contains the interface to the external alarms (Operator / rack / shelter

alarms) and collects internal alarms (door, fans, different operator-definedrack/shelter internal alarms).

The alarms are delivered to the Core.

Tower Mounted Amplifier TMA

The TMA connects the antenna with the BTSE in order to amplify the receive signaland pass through the transmit signal.

Carrier Unit CUThe CU takes care for all carrier oriented tasks of the BS240, i.e. the conversion ofdata between Abis and Um interface. In UL direction two RF signals (antennadiversity) are received and finally converted into TRAU frames (16 kbit/s) andsignaling data. In DL direction TRAU frames and signaling data are received andconverted into a GMSK modulated RF signal, which is amplified to the desired powerlevel. Up to 8 CU can be placed into one Base / Extension Rack, i.e. up to 8 TRX aresupported by one rack.

The CU consists of the subunits: Power Amplifier & Transceiver Unit PATRX, SignalProcessing Units SIPRO and Power Supply Unit PSU.

PATRXprovides the main analogue functions of the CU. In UL direction it receivesthe 2 (diversity) RF signals from the antenna combining equipment, downconvertsthem and transmits them to SIPRO. In DL direction it receives the GMSK modulatedsignal from SIPRO. The signal is then I/Q modulated, upconverted leveled, poweramplified and transmitted to the antenna combining equipment. PATRX supportssynthesizer frequency hopping and provides an RF loop between DL and UL path forthe unit test of the CU.

SIPROcontains all digital functions of the CU: UL & DL Signal Processing,(Encoding, Interleaving, Ciphering, Burst building), Control of RF on PATRX,Baseband & Synthesizer hopping, Channel Control, Radio Link Control, O&M parts

relevant for CU, Link to Core via CC link. Additionally, some analogue functions arelocated on SIPRO: A/D & D/A conversion, Local CU clock.


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TM2100EU02TM_000113

PATRXPower Amplifier &

Transceiver Unit

SIPROSignal Processing Unit

PSUPower Supply Unit

RX

input

TXoutput

CC Link(to COBA / COSA)

-48V

CU

Carrier Unit CU

contains all digital CU functions: UL & DL Signal Processing (Encoding, Interleaving, Ciphering, Burst building) Control of RF on PATRX Baseband & Synthesizer hopping Channel Control Radio Link Control O&M parts relevant for CU Link to Core

analogue functions: A/D conversion D/A conversion Local CU clock

provides the mainanalogue CU functions: UL: De-Modulation of

2 signals (diversity) DL: Modulation,

power amplified & transmitted to

DUAMCO / FICOM supports synthesizer frequency hopping

Fig. 6


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TM2100EU02TM_000114

1.2 BSCThe BSC is the central component of the SBS. It is responsible for the BSS control,switches the connections between TRAUs and BTSEs, handles the Radio ResourceManagement RRM, is the central contact to the OMC-B and stores the BSSdatabase.

In BR5.5 the BSC has a dynamic capacity of up to 2000 Erlang and a static portconnection capacity of up to 46 PCM30 lines. Due to its compact design, occupying avolume of only 259 l and due to its low power dissipation (less than 475 W), the BSCoperates without any fans or air conditioning system. Consequently, the operator hasa choice of locating the BSC centrally in telecommunications rooms or remotely in ashelter or in a confined space. The BSC can then act as a concentrator for the linksbetween the Abis and Asub interfaces.

In BR5.5 the BSC supports many additional features / customer benefits, e.g.:

Hierarchical Cellular Structures HCS with speed-sensitive Handover HOalgorithms

Emergency calls with priority Data services (in-call modification, automatic fax,...) SMS, SMS-Cell Broadcast Service Easy system upgrade by means of full SW download

Full Rate FR, Half Rate HR, Enhanced Full Rate EFR speech codecs High Speed Circuit Switched Data HSCSD (9.6/14.4 kbit/s; max. 4 TS)Advanced Speech Call Items ASCI (Voice Broadcast Service VBS, Voice Group

Call Service VGCS)

General Packet Radio Services GPRS (CS1 & CS2; max. 7 TS)


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TM2100EU02TM_000115

BSC functions: BSS control

Switching: TRAU BTS

Radio Resource Management RRM

Contact to OMC-B

Database storage (SW download)

Support of(BR 5.5):

HCS with speed-sensitive HO algorithms

Emergency calls with priority

data services (in-call modification, automatic fax,...) SMS, SMS-CBS

Speech codecs: FR, HR, EFR

HSCSD (9.6/14.4 kbit/s; max. 4 TS)

ASCI(VBS, VGCS)

GPRS(CS1/2, max. 7 TS)

Asub

LMTT

T

R

A

U

Abis

B

T

S

E

OMC-B

BSCfunctions

ASCI: Advanced Speech Call Items

CBS: Cell Broadcast Service

CS: Coding Scheme

HCS: Hierarchical Cellular Structure

VBS: Voice Broadcast Service

VGCS: Voice Group Call Service

Fig. 7


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TM2100EU02TM_000116

BSC: Link Configuration

The BSC supports various BSC-BTSE configurations:

Star: each BTSE connected by a link for its own Multidrop Chain: various BTSEs are connected to one BSC using a common link,

which helps to save leased line costs by increasing the usage of 2 Mbit/s links.The allocation and re-allocation of timeslots on the link is freely configurable.

Loop: a single link passes from the BSC via various BTSEs in one chain andbehind the last one back to the BSC. If the link is interrupted anywhere in thechain, the system can survive this failure without degradation of service and

without disrupting stable calls, as it automatically detects the fault and reconfiguresthe loop without manual interaction from the operator. In normal operation, theloop configuration works as a multidrop configuration with communication betweenBTSEs and BSC only in one direction around the loop.

Cross-Connection: The basic configuration types like star, multidrop and loop donot allow hub and spoke configurations which may be only realized with highleased line costs or with external cross-connect equipment. To save some of theseequipment a cross connection functionality is integrated in the BTSE.

The TRAUs are always connected in Star configuration.

BSC Capacity

The BSC capacity in BR5.5 is: max. 2000 Erlang switching & processing capacity max. 46 PCM30/24 lines, i.e. 20 PCMS (Asub) + 26 PCMB(Abis) with flexible

PCMS lines configuration or

max. 36 PCM30/24 couples configurable on 9 QTLP max. 20 TRAUs can be connected max. 100 BTSE (sites) max. 150 BTS (cells)


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TM2100EU02TM_000117

LinkConfiguration

Cross-

connect

Multidrop chain

BTSE

BSC

TRAU

LMT

A

T

O

Abis Asub

OMC-B

MSC

BTSE

BTSE

BTSE

BTSE

BTSE BTSETRAU

T

Star

Loop Star

BTSEBTSE

BTSE

BTSEBR 5.5

Capacity [Erlang] 2000

max. PCM 30 46/36

max. TRAU 20

max. BTSE 100

max. BTS 150

Capacity

Fig. 8


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TM2100EU02TM_000118

BSC Rack Configuration / HW Architecture

The BSC is equipped with the following elements:

Main Processor Control Card MPCC(Administrative Processor): the MPCCcontrols the SN on basis of TDPC messages; it handles traffic & performancemeasurement; it is responsible for: status & database administration, HWconfiguration, diagnostics & maintenance management, mass storage control, SWdownload, O&M interface control and TRAU control. 1+1 redundancy; hot stand-by

Universal Bus Extender board UBEX: the UBEX interfaces the MPCC to thenetwork, PLLH, PPCCs & PPLDs, line interface.

Telephony Distribution Processor Circuit TDPC+ Memory of the TDPC MEMT:the TDPC is responsible for message exchange with the other network entities viaPPCC & PPLD; it handles all signaling function above MTP L2 and all applicationprocesses related to Call Control CC, Radio Resource management RR, MobilityManagement MM and IMSI tracing; the MEMT is the TDPC memory extension &acts as mailbox for MPCC TDPC message exchange; (1+1 redundancy; hotstand-by)

Peripheral Processor for CCS7 PPCC: SS7 pre-processing (MTP L2) forsignaling towards the MSC; 2 PPCC boards; load-sharing redundancy

Peripheral Processor for LAPD PPLD: responsible for handling of LAPDprotocol used for signaling to BTSEs and TRAUs; 14 + 1 PPLD boards; n+1

redundancy.


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TM2100EU02TM_000119

BSC Rack

EXPANSION

Lamp Panel

BASE

XTLP

8

XTLP

7

XTLP

6

PPLD

9

PPLD10

PPLD11

PPLD12

PPLD13

PPLD14

PWRS

1

PPLD

3

PPLD

4

PPLD

5

PPLD

6

PPLD

7

PPLD

8

XTLPS1

XTLP

2

XTLP

3

XTLP

4

XTLP

5

PWRS

0

Fuse and AlarmPanel

P

WRS

1

PPLH

1

PPLD

0

PPLD

1

PPLD

2

PPCC

1

XTLP

0

XTLP

1

PLLH

0

PWRS

0

XTLPS0

PPCC

0

DK40

0

IXLT

0

UBEX

0

SNXX

0

TDPC

0

MEMT

0

MPCC

0

MPCC

1

MEMT

1

TDPC

1

SNXX

1

UBEX

1

IXLT

1

DK40

1

Rack dimensions:

H: 2000 mm

W: 600 mm

D: 300 mm

Rack dimensions:

H: 2000 mmW: 600 mm

D: 300 mm

DK40Mass storage

IXLTO & M Interface

UBEXUniversal BusExtender board

TDPCTelephony & Distributor

Processor

& MEMTMemory of the TDPC

SN 16 / 64Switching Network

MPCCMain ProcessorControl Boarda

QTLP / DTLPQuad. / Dual Trunk Line

PeripheralPPLD

Peripheral Processorfor LAPD

PPCCPeripheral Processor

for SS#7PWRSPower Supply

PLLHClock Unit

S: Spare(N+1 Redundancy)

Fig. 9


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TM2100EU02TM_000120

Switching Network SN16or SN64: the SN16 switches under control of theMPCC traffic connections between TRAU & BTSE and signaling between TDPC(via PPLDs & PPCCs) and external entities; it is able to set up bi-directional

dynamic connections at 8 / 16 kbit/s (e.g. for HR / FR / EFR) and at n x 16 kbit/s.The SN64 (BR3.x or older) is not able to switch 8 kbit/s (e.g. HR). 1+1redundancy; hot stand-by.

Phase Locked Loop High Performance PLLH: clock unit; 2 PLLH: master/slaveconfiguration.

Interface to LMT/OMC-B IXLT: allows MPCC to be connected to the OMC-B viaX.25 and to the LMT via proprietary T interface.

Mass Storage DK40: hard disk, containing copies of all BSS SW and allconfiguration data to allow fast restart without downloading from the OMC-B; 1 + 1redundancy

Quadruple Trunk Line Peripheral board QTLP/ Dual Trunk Line Peripheralboard DTLP: the standard QTLP Line Interface board houses 4 dual PCM30/24line interfaces; connecting Abis / Asub to the SN16; 9 + 2 QTLP redundancy.DTLP for BR3.0 and older: only 2 PCM30/24 line interfaces

Power Supply PWRS

For GPRS introduction, the Packet Control Unit PCUis co-located with the BSC. Toincorporate the PCU (1 or 2 PCUs) into the BSC, 2 / 4 Peripheral Packet ControlUnits PPCUare placed instead of 4 / 8 PPLDs.


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TM2100EU02TM_000121

DK40

BSC

InternalArchitecture

Clock

SwitchingNetwork

Telephony Processors

MEMT TDPCTelephony Processors

MEMT TDPC

Line Termination

QTLP/DTLP

Line Termination

QTLP/DTLP

Line Termination

QTLP/DTLP

Line Termination

QTLP/DTLP

Line Termination

QTLP/DTLP

Line Termination

QTLP/DTLP

SN16/ 64

Peripheral

ProcessorsLAPD

PPLD

LAPD

PPLD

LAPD

PPLD

PLLH

CCS7

PPCC

CCS7

PPCC

Administrative Processor

MPCC

ME2M UBEX

Administrative Processor

MPCC

UBEX

to LMT

to OMC

O&MInterface

IXLT

O&MInterface

IXLT

DK40

controls SN(basis: TDPC messages) traffic & performance measurement responsible for: status & database administration, HW configuration, SW download, mass storage & O&M control,...

signaling (>L2) with other nodes via PPCC, PPLD handles CC, RR, MM

processing

SN16: HR & FR/EFR switching SN64: FR only (BR3.x & older)

9 + 2

interfaces SN toAbis/Asub

4 / 2PCM30/24

MTP L2 processing

LAPD processing 14 + 1 redundancy

GPRS:4 / 8 PPLDs

are replaced

by PCU cards

GPRS:4 / 8 PPLDsare replaced

by PCU cards

Fig. 10


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TM2100EU02TM_000122

1.3 TRAUThe TRAU is responsible for: Transcoding, i.e. the compression of speech data from 64 kbit/s (on A interface) to

13 / 12.2 / 5.6 kbit/s in the case of FR/EFR/HR speech coding. All the 3 speechcoding are supported by the TRAU in BR5.5 (Triple Rate functionality).

Rate Adaptation in the case of data (Bearer Services, data Teleservices)transmission.

Signaling data are transmitted transparent through the TRAU.

The TRAU consists of the following modules:

BSC Interface board BSCI MSC Interface board MSCI Transcoding & Rate Adaptation Card TRAC Power Supply PWRS

Transcoding & Rate Adaptation Card TRAC

The TRAC is responsible for the central TRAU functions: Transcoding & RateAdaptation. It is able to (de-)compress speech using FR, EFR and HR speechcoding. Furthermore, the TRAC is performs VAD/DTX function. Each TRAC providesthe processing of up to 24 TCHs (UL & DL).

The TRAU is fully equipped with 6 TRACs, using an n+1 (5+1) redundancy.Therefore, the TRAU is able to process up to 120 TCHs (92 in GSM1900) totally.


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TM2100EU02TM_000123

TRAUfunctions

BSCI

BSC Interface

board

TRAC 0Transcoding & Rate

Adaption Card

TRAC 1

TRAC 2

TRAC 3

TRAC 4

TRAC 5

A

LMT

T

M

S

C

AsubB

S

C4

PCM30

(PCM24)

lines

1

PCM30

(PCM24)

lines

central control clock generator multiplexing

traffic from/to TRACs

LMT-link 2 n redundant

MSCI

MSC Interface

board

LAPD processing toward BSC

multiplexing Traffic from/to

TRACs 2 n redundant

Speech compression FR, HR, EFR Rate adaptation VAD/DTX function

5(4)* +1 redundancy

DTX: Discontinuous Transmission

VAD: Voice Activity Detection

* GSM900/1800 (GSM1900)

TRAU functions: Speech: (de-)compression

Data: Rate adaptation

Signalling: transparent

Capacity: up to 120 (92)* channels

Fig. 11


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TM2100EU02TM_000124

BSC Interface board BSCI

The BSCI board provides the link to the BSC via Asub interface (1 PCM30/24),

multiplexing the traffic from/to the TRACs. It houses the central TRAU controller, theBSC clock generator and the link to an LMT via proprietary T interface. The BSCI isduplicated; the non-active copy operates in hot-standby mode.

MSC Interface board MSCI

The MSCI board provides the connection to the MSC via A interface (4 PCM30/24),multiplexing the traffic to/from the TRACs. Furthermore, it is processing the LAPDprotocol of the BSC control link. The MSCI is duplicated; the non-active copyoperates in hot-standby mode.

TRAU Rack

The rack dimensions are 2000 mm (height), 600 mm (width) and 300 mm (depth).The volume is 360 l, power consumption less than 476 W. Due to the low powerconsumption no fans are necessary for cooling. Up to four TRAU modules can beincorporated into one TRAU rack. Therefore, the maximum processing capacity is480 TCHs.


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TM2100EU02TM_000125

TRAU

RackTRAUUnit 1

TRAC

2

MSCI

0

BSCI

1

TRAC

3

TRAC

4

TRAC

5

PWRS

0

PWRS

1

BSCI

0

TRAC

0

TRAC

1

MSCI

1

Lamp Panel

Fuse & Alarm Panel 1




TRAUUnit 2

TRAUUnit 3

TRAUUnit 4

max. 24 channels / TRAC

max. 5 active TRAC

max. 120 channels / TRAU

(GSM900/1800)

(GSM1900: max. 92 channels)

Rack dimensions:

H: 2000 mmW: 600 mm

D: 300 mm

Fig. 12


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TM2100EU02TM_000126


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TM2100EU02TM_000127

2 D900/D1800SSS - Switching SubsystemSiemens Solution

D900/D1800SSSSwitching SubSystem

EIR*Equipment

Identity Register

MSCMobile services

Switching Center

VLRVisitor Location

Register

CTCraft TerminalO

SSS Externalnetworks

A

HLRHome Location

Register

ACAuthentication

Center

BSCBase Station

Controller

BSS

PSTN /

ISDNGCR*Group Call Register*1

SSP*Service Switching Point *2

*optional

*1for ASCI

*2for IN/CAMEL

OMS-SOperation & Maintenance

Subsystem for the SSS

SCSwitch Commander

Description

based on CS1.0;

SR9.0(GPRS: PO1.0)

Description

based on CS1.0;

SR9.0(GPRS: PO1.0)

CS: Circuit Switchedl

PO: Packet Oriented

SR: SW Release

Fig. 13


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TM2100EU02TM_000128

2.1 D900/D1800SSS ArchitectureThe following network elements determine the system architecture of the PLMN-SSS:Mobile-services Switching Center MSC, Visitor Location Register VLR, HomeLocation Register HLR, Authentication Center AC and Equipment IdentificationRegister EIR (optionally). For the support of ASCI functions the MSC integrates aGroup Call Register GCR and for IN/CAMEL support the Service Switching Functionhas to be included.

The following description is based on the current Siemens solution for the Circuit-Switched CS branch of the GSM Core Network (CS1.0), with Software ReleaseSR9.0. The GPRS part of the GSM CN (Packet-Oriented PO 1.0 / GPRS ReleaseGR 2.0) is not part of this course. It is described in course TM2110 GPRSIntroduction.

D900/D1800SSS HW Solution

All the network elements of the PLMN-SSS are realized with D900/D1800SSS nodes,which are based on experienced EWSD technology. It is fully digital and modular withrespect to software and hardware.

A D900/D1800SSS node consists of a row of racks. There are two types of racks: theclassic rackand the innovation rack.

The racks are available in two height: 7 / 8 foot (2.13 m / 2.45 m). The classic rack is

770 mm width and 500 mm depth (incl. protective cover), the innovation rack 900 mmwidth and 600 mm depth.

The rack is sub-divided into module frames, carrying special functional units. Themodule frames are equipped with modules.

Combination of Network Elements

MSC and VLR are always co-located (associated) in an SSS node, and HLR and ACare also always co-located in an SSS node. So there are SSS nodes with MSC/VLRand SSS nodes with HLR/AC functions. Furthermore, SSS nodes can combine

MSC/VLR/HLR/AC functions. EIR are possible as stand-alone SSS nodes or incombination MSC/VLR/EIR, HLR/AC/EIR or MSC/VLR/HLR/AC/EIR. For ASCIservices respectively IN/CAMEL functions the MSC is combined with GCRrespectively SSP function.


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TM2100EU02TM_000129

D900/D1800SSSHW Architecture

Module

Combination of

Network Elements:

MSC/VLR always associated

HLR/AC always associated

MSC/VLR/HLR/AC

EIR: alone,with MSC/VLR orHLR/AC

SSP (IN/CAMEL),GCR (ASCI)with MSC

Combination of

Network Elements:

MSC/VLR always associated

HLR/AC always associated

MSC/VLR/HLR/AC

EIR: alone,with MSC/VLR orHLR/AC

SSP (IN/CAMEL),GCR (ASCI)with MSC

RackRow

Rack

Module Frame

2.13 m /2.45 m

0.77 m / 0.9 m *

0.5 m / 0.6 m *

* Classic / Innovation Rack

Fig. 14


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TM2100EU02TM_000130

D900/D1800SSS: Block Diagram

The D900/D1800SSS are based on a modular HW and SW concept. They contain

the in the current SW version the following HW subsystems which are for the mostpart autonomous:

Line/Trunk Groups LTG Data Service Unit DSU Switching Network SN Signaling System Network Control SSNC (SSS innovation node) or Common Channel signaling Network Control CCNC (SSS classic node) Coordination Area (incl. Coordination Processor CP)

The LTGs connect the SSS node to the external world and contain several specialfunctions necessary for PLMN operation.

The DSU is included with interworking functions IWF to support data services.

The Switching Network SN is used to switch-through user connections and signalingdata. It is the link between the LTGs, CP and SSNC/CCNC.

The Signaling System Network Control SSNC (innovation node) respectively theCommon Channel signaling Network Control CCNC (classic node) is responsible forthe control of SS7 signaling traffic.

The Coordination Processor CP is the central element of the Coordination Area. It isresponsible in the SSS network node for common functions such as coordination ofthe distributed peripheral microprocessor controls of the other subsystems and thedata transfers between them. Furthermore, it performs common functions like callprocessing, operation and safeguarding.


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TM2100EU02TM_000131

D900/1800SSS:Block diagram SNSwitching

Network

CoordinationArea (CP)

LTGLine/Trunk Group

LTG

LTG

LTG

LTG

LTG

LTG

SSNC*Signaling SystemNetwork Control

*classic node: CCNC(Common Channel Network Control)SM-SC: SMS Service Center

CSE: CAMEL Service Environment

VMSC: Voice Mail System Center

CP: Coordination Processor

DSUData Service Unit

DASDigital Announcement

Systems

BSS

ISDN /

PSTN

D900/1800SSS

Trunk Loop LTGe.g. for MMC, lawful interception

Conference LTGe.g. for MPTY, ASCI services

high speed SS7 links

SM-SC, CSE, VMSC

Fig. 15


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TM2100EU02TM_000132

2.2 Line/Trunk Group LTGThe various LTG control and supervise incoming and outgoing traffic with SS7signaling to and from:

the Base Station System BSS other public networks, e.g. PSTN/ISDN or other PLMN other D900/D1800 SSS network nodes Short Message Service Centers SM-SCVoice Mail System Centers VMSC IN/CAMEL nodes (Service Control Point SCP / CAMEL Service Environment CSE) the Remote Access Server RAS for Mobile Internet Access MIA / Wireless

Application Protocol WAP

Furthermore, the LTGs control call traffic for special functions, such as:

Interworking function IWF in the DSU (for GSM data services) Digital Announcement Systems DAS in the MSC (for standard announcements) Trunk loop function for Mobile-Mobile-Calls MMC Trunk loop function for calls with lawful interception Conference function (in relation to the Multiparty MTPY services or ASCI services

(VGCS, VBS))

The LTGs support all the usual signaling systems (e.g. SS7, MFC:R2) for calls tofixed networks. Since SS7 is mandatory within the GSM-PLMN, this is thepredominant method.

The LTGs furthermore contain a large variety of additional functions, e.g.

Adaptation of Primary Digital Carrier PDC to internal SDC Measurement of call duration and general traffic measurement Insertion of tones and standard announcements (with OCANEQ digital

announcement equipment or DAS Digital Announcement System)

Duplication / re-assembly of data to / from both SN sides


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TM2100EU02TM_000133

LTG

Line/Trunk Group SN

Coordination

Area

LTG

LTG

LTG

LTG

LTG

LTG

SSNC*

RAS: Remote Access Server

MIA / WAP: Mobile Internet Access / Wireless Application Protocol

*classic node: CCNC(Common Channel Network Control)

DSU

DAS

LTG

Trunks

control incoming & outgoing trafficto & from e.g.: BSS

ISDN/PSTN, other PLMN

other D900/D1800SSS nodes

SM-SC

VMSC

IN/CAMEL nodes

RAS for MIA / WAP

controls traffic for special functions, e.g.: IWF for DSU

DAS in the MSC

trunk loop function for MMC, lawful interception conference function for MPTY, ASCI

other tasks, e.g.:

adaptation: PDC SDC

traffic measurement / call duration

insert tones & standard announcements

duplicates data to both SN planes

Fig. 16


34/62


TM2100EU02TM_000134

LTG Connections

LTGs can be connected with Primary Digital Carriers PDC for a transmission rate of

2.048 Mbit/s (PCM30: 32 channels, each with 64 kbit/s). Every LTG can beconnected with up to 4 PDC lines to external network nodes.

The connections between the LTG and the SN are Secondary Digital Carriers SDCwith a transmission rate of 8.192 Mbit/s (128 channels, each at 64 kbit/s). Each LTGis connected to both sides of the redundant SN. The LTG is responsible for theadaptation between the PDC and SDC carriers and for the duplication / re-assemblyof the data to / from the SN.

LTG Hardware

Two different LTGs are used, depending on the application: LTGN, for all kinds of LTGs and subscriber lines and for the implementation of a

conference LTG (MTPY / ASCI services), standard announcements LTG andIN/CAMEL user interaction LTG for internal IP

LTGG as IN/CAMEL user interaction LTG for internal IPThe LTGN is the product of a long evolution to reduce the amount of modules for oneLTG: LTGB (2 frames), LTGG (1/2 frame), LTGM (1/5 frame) and LTGN (1/8 1/16frame = 1-2 module).

The LTGN has two capacity stages:

Basics functions (1 module) and basics functions plus additional functions (1module). The basic functions of the LTGN are implemented in Group Processor NGPN.

Additional functions of the LTGN are accommodated when necessary on a secondmodule, the functional unit Line/Trunk Unit: Supplementary LTU:S. The followingadditional modules are possible:

Conference Unit C COUC (for MTPY & ASCI services), Digital Echo Compensator DEC120, Operationally Controlled Equipment for Announcement OCANEQ (can replace

from SR9.0 the DAS for all available announcements in the MSC) and

Voice Processing Unit VPU (for analysis of received speech commands andconversion into control commands for IN/CAMEL).

Only one additional module can be accommodated in the LTU:S in each case.


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TM2100EU02TM_000135

Basic functions

SN1SNLTG

LTGConnections /

Hardware

LTG Hardware:

LTGN(current version; 1-2 modules)

LTGM, LTGG, LTGB

(old versions: 1/5, 1/2, 2 frames)

LTG Hardware:

LTGN(current version; 1-2 modules)

LTGM, LTGG, LTGB

(old versions: 1/5, 1/2, 2 frames)

SN0

SN1

PDCPrimaryDigital Carrier:2.048 Mbit/s(32 x 64 kbit/schannels)

LTGSDC

SecondaryDigital Carrier:

8.192 Mbit/s(128 x 64 kbit/s

channels)

1 module =

GPNGroup Processor N

Basic + additional functions

GPN:basic functions

LTU:SLine/Trunk Unit:

Supplementary

Conference Unitfor MPTY, ASCI

Digital Echo Compensator

Announcement machine to replace DAS

Voice processing unit for speech recognition

LTGN: 2 capacity stagesLTGN: 2 capacity stages

0

3

Fig. 17


36/62


TM2100EU02TM_000136

LTGN (GPN) Block Diagram

The basic functions of the LTGN comprise a single functional unit which is divided up

into task-related parts. The basic functions of the LTGN are implemented in GroupProcessor N GPN. The basic functions of the GPN are realized by the:

Group Processor GP- part Signaling Link Control SILC- part Code Receiver CR- part Digital Interface Unit DIU- part Group Switch GS- / Line Interface Unit LIU- / Tone Generator TOG- part Group Clock Generator GCG- part and the Input/Output Processor IOP- part

The GP-part matches the incoming information from the surrounding network nodearea to the internal message format of the system and controls all the parts within theGPN. To do this it has interfaces to the IOP part (controls: DIU, CR, GCG,GS/LIU/TOG and SILC part) and the LTU:S as well as to the controls on the frontpanel of the module.

IOP partwithSILC part:The IOP part controls the DIU, CR, GCG, GS/LIU/TOG andSILC part. The SILC part functions as Input/Output processor. The SILC part is used

to connect a number of signaling channels via which either the protocol for DSU orthe ISDN D-channel protocol for primary access can be handled. On the LTG side,the SILC part completes the L2-functions of signaling protocols (GP part peripheralunit).

GS/LIU/TOG part: The GS interconnects the DIU, TOG, CR and SILC and connectsthem to the LIU. The LIU is used to connect the duplicated SN (SN0 & SN1) to theLTG. The TOG provides programmed tones.

The CR partprovides 16 signaling receivers for the LTG call processing.

The DIU partincludes connection facilities for 4 PCM30 lines.

The GCG partprovides the clock for the speech data and for the signaling on theLTGN.


37/62


TM2100EU02TM_000137

LTGN (GPN)block diagram

GPN

GP partGroup Processor

controls all GPN parts (DIU, CR, GCG, GS/LIU/TOG, SILC via IOP part)

matches incoming information (from surrounding network node area) to internal message format

GS/LIU/TOG partGroup Switch / Line Interface Unit / Tone Generator

GS: interconnects DIU, TOG, CR and SILC & connects them to SN; switches from external PDC to internal SDC LIU: duplicates LTG data to both SN halves TOG: provides test tones

IOP partInput/Output Processor

SILC partSignaling Link Control

DIU partDigital Interface Unit

CR partCode Receiver

GCG partGroup Clock Generator

provides clock for PCM30 / PCM24

provides signaling receivers for LTG call processing

controls DIU, CR, GCG, GS/LIU/TOG & SILC for GP part

input/output processor L2 function

connecting up to 4 PDC lines

SN0

SN1

LTU:S

Fig. 18


38/62


TM2100EU02TM_000138

2.3 Data Service Unit DSUAn Interworking Function IWF has been implemented for the D900/D1800 SSSnodes MSC/VLR to support data telecommunication services (bearer services BSand data teleservices TS). This entails the availability of transparent and non-transparent network support control functions for data transmission. The IWFguarantees compatible connections between two users of the corresponding BS ordata TS. The IWF is implemented in the DSU, in the CP and LTG (GP/GPN).

By introducing a general BS, the facility allows to use all available data rates of theBS group and not just one. Moreover, the BS20 offers the HSCSD facility whichconsists of the following two parts: combination of several Time Slots TS for one calland uses of the new Coding Scheme CS with 14.4 kbit/s.

DSU Hardware

The DSU consists of:

Digital Line Unit System DLUS Interworking Equipment high speed IWE:HS with integrated baby modemThe DLUS is responsible for the DSU control and clock generation, handlesinformation exchange with the IWF:LTG and includes a bus distributor function toconnect DLUS with the peripheral functional units of the IWE:HS.

The IWE:HS determines the DSU application; it is responsible for the datainterworking. One IWE per data connection is looped in for the users of BS and dataTS. Two IWEs are looped into the MSC for an MMC. The IWE:HS supports HSCSDchannel combining and CS with 14.4 kbit/s.


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TM2100EU02TM_000139

DSUData Service Unit SN

LTG

LTG

IWF-LTGDSU

MS BSS

PSTN

DLU: Digital Line Unit

IWE:HSDLUS

DSU: InterWorking Function IWF

in D900/D1800SSS

support of data services

DLUS: DLU System DSU control, clock & interface to IWF-LTG

IWE:HS: Interworking Equipment:High Speed

- determines DSU application - support of single- & multislot operation - support of 0.3 - 9.6 & 14.4 kbit/s services

DSU: InterWorking Function IWF

in D900/D1800SSS

support of data services

DLUS: DLU System DSU control, clock & interface to IWF-LTG

IWE:HS: Interworking Equipment:High Speed

- determines DSU application - support of single- & multislot operation - support of 0.3 - 9.6 & 14.4 kbit/s services

PDC

Fig. 19


40/62


TM2100EU02TM_000140

2.4 Switching Network SNBIn a network node, the Switching Network B SNB is the link between the following: LTGs for speech and data connections LTGs and Coordination Processor CP for message exchange LTGs and SSNC/CCNC for SS7 message exchange

A central function of SNB (which is an especially compact version compared to oldSN) is to switch subscriber calls received in one LTG through to the destination LTG.

SNB sides: SNB0 / SNB1

For security reasons, the SNB is always duplicated, i.e. it consists of two SN sidesSNB0 and SNB1. Each connection is switched redundantly through both SNB sides.For the redundant switching, an LTG has redundant connections to both SNB sides.It sends identical connection data to both SNB sides and receives identicalconnection data from both SNB sides.


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TM2100EU02TM_000141

SN BSwitching Network B

SNSNB

Coordination

Area

LTG

LTG

LTG

LTG

LTG

LTG

SSNC*

DSU

DAS

LTG

*classic node: CCNC(Common Channel Network Control)

switching calls from LTG to LTG

- linking LTGs for speech & data connections

linking:

- LTGs and Coordination Processor CPfor message exchange

- LTGs and SSNC / CCNC for SS7 message exchange

switching calls from LTG to LTG

- linking LTGs for speech & data connections

linking:

- LTGs and Coordination Processor CPfor message exchange

- LTGs and SSNC / CCNC for SS7 message exchange

SNB always duplicated: SNB0 / SNB1

each connection switched simultaneouslythrough both sides

SNB always duplicated: SNB0 / SNB1

each connection switched simultaneouslythrough both sides

Fig. 20


42/62


TM2100EU02TM_000142

SNB: Functional Units

The SNB consists of two HW functional units:

Time Stage Group B TSGB Space Stage Group B SSGBThe TSGBs and SSGBs perform the switching in the SNB according to the principleTime Space Time.

In the smallest SNB:63LTG there is a combined Time & Space Stage Group used.

The larger SNBs consists of TSGBs and SSGBs. An SNB capacity stage can beequipped on each SN side with 1, 2, 4 or 8 TSGBs and with 0,1,2 or 4 SSGBs. Thenumber of TSGBs required for the two SNB sides of an SNB capacity stage dependson the number of LTGs to be connected.

Each group (TSGB or SSGB) in the SNB is controlled by an own Switch GroupControl SGCB. The SGCB accepts setting commands from the CP call processingprograms. (The CP call processing programs use setting commands to initiate theswitching of a connection path.)

SNB: Interfaces

A TSGB has a total of 64 SN-external interfaces comprising the following:

A maximum of 63 SDC:LTGsfor the connection of a maximum of 63 LTGs.Speech and data connections between the LTGBs are carried via SDC:LTG aswell as message transfer between LTG and CP. The no. of SDC:CCNC decreasethe no. of SDC:LTGs.

the SDC:TSG(Time Stage Group) interface for the message transfer between theCP (via Message Buffer Unit for LTG MBU:LTG) and the LTGs connected to theTSGB.

The SDC:CCNCfor the SS7 message transfer between CCNC and LTG.

Additionally, an SDC:SGCexists for the communication between the CP (via

MBU:SGC) and the Switch Group Controls SGC.


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TM2100EU02TM_000143

SN BInterfaces &

functional units

SN B(0 or 1)

TSGBTime

Stage

Group

1,2,4,8depending

on SNBcapacitystage

SGCBSwitch

Group

Control

SSGBSpace

Stage

Group

0,1,2,4depending

on SNBcapacitystage

SGCBSwitch

Group

ControlSN-

external

interfaces

SN-

internal

interfaces

SDC:LTG

SDC:LTG

SDC:CCNC

SDC:TSG

SDC:SGC

SDC:SSG

SDC:SSG

LTG

LTG

SSNC / CCNC

CoordinationArea

MBU:SGC

MBU:LTG

TSG & SSG perform

switching Time - Space - Time

SGCs control / set

TSGs & SSGs

setting commands:

CPSGC viaSDC: SGC

message transfer

CPLTGsvia SDC: TSG

TSG & SSG perform

switching Time - Space - Time

SGCs control / set

TSGs & SSGs

setting commands:

CP SGC viaSDC: SGC

message transfer

CPLTGsvia SDC: TSG

CPCoordination

Processor

MBU: Message Buffer Unit

1 TSGBwith

max. 63SDC:LTG

Fig. 21


44/62


TM2100EU02TM_000144

SNB: Capacity Stages

Different capacity stages of the SNB are available, depending on the number of LTGs

to be connected: SNB:504LTG for the connection of up to 504 LTGs SNB: 252LTG for the connection of up to 252 LTGs SNB:126LTG for the connection of up to 126 LTGs SNB:63LTG for the connection of up to 63 LTGs

The innovation nodes, using the new Message Buffer D MBD and SSNC, areequipped with up to 100% of the above listed maximum possible no. of LTGs. The

classic nodes, using the old Message Buffer C MBC and CCNC, can only beequipped with up to 50% of the above listed maximum possible no. of LTGs. If (1 or2) SDC:CCNCs are used, the number of LTGs is reduces accordingly.

The SSS nodes can be distinguished in switching nodes (MSC/VLR orMSC/VLR/HLR/AC/ EIR) and non-switching nodes (HLR/AC or EIR).

The capacity stage SN:63LTG is generally used for non switching nodes.

The capacity stages SNB:126LTG to SNB:504LTG are generally used for switchingnodes.

The SNB needs between one rack (SNB:63LTG) and 10 racks (SNB:504LTG at max.capacity stage). Or to be more precise: It needs between 2 and 20 frames, distributedto 1 - 10 partially used racks. The remaining frames of the racks are filled with LTGs.


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TM2100EU02TM_000145

use SNB:63 LTG

orHLR AC EIR

SN BCapacity stages

SN B

TSGBTime

Stage

Group

1..8depending

on SNBcapacitystage

SGCB

SSGBSpace

Stage

Group

1, 2 or 4depending

on SNBcapacitystage

SGCB

SDC:LTG

SDC:LTG

SDC:CCNC

SDC:TSG

SDC:SGC

SNB:63 LTG up to63 LTGs*








SNB:126LTG - SNB:504LTG for:

MSC VLR

MSC VLR HLR AC EIR

or

* 1) - 1 / 2 LTG for SSNC/CCNC

2) only valid for new Message Buffer D

Fig. 22


46/62


TM2100EU02TM_000146

2.5 Signaling System Network Control SSNCSignaling System Network Control SSNC / Common Channel signaling NetworkControl CCNC

The SSNC and CCNC are responsible for the control of SS7 signaling traffic in anSSS network node.

The CCNC is part of the SSS classic node. A maximum of 112 signaling links (eachof 64 kbit/s) can be processed by the CCNC.

The SSNC is the main part of the SSS innovation node. The maximum systemconfiguration allows the connection of 1500 signaling links.

In the current SW version the SSNC or the CCNC can be supported. For that reason

coexistence of SSNC and CCNC operation will be possible within the same APS(Application Program System). This coexistence is static only. That means only oneof the mentioned SS7 platforms is running at one time. The choice has to be madeduring APS installation. If the SSNC is supported, the Message Buffer D MBD has tobe used.

In the following, the SSNC is described.

SSNC functions

The SSNC provides the protocol functions of the Message Transfer Part MTP (Level

1 3), the Signaling Connection Control Part SCCP and the Operations,Maintenance & Administration Part OMAP.

The SSNC offers maximum efficiency for SS7 signaling. It can also be used as agateway between different networks and network operators. For such applicationsthe SSNC offers special features for recording and verifying the amount of traffic withadjacent network nodes and also for protecting the own network against misuse. It isa future-proof system which also supports the connection of SS7 high-speedsignaling links HSL.


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TM2100EU02TM_000147

SNSSNCSignaling SystemNetwork Control

SN

LTG

LTG

LTG

LTG

LTG

LTG

SSNC/CCNC

DSU

DAS

LTG

CCNC: Common Channel Network Control

OMAP: Operation, Maintenance & Administration Part

SL: Signaling Link

control of SS7 signaling traffic

provides protocol functions of:

MTP, SCCP & OMAP

support of SS7 high-speed

signaling links HSL

control of SS7 signaling traffic

provides protocol functions of:

MTP, SCCP & OMAP

support of SS7 high-speed

signaling links HSL

CoordinationArea (CP)

high speed

SS7 links

SR9.0 supports SSNC (new)

& CCNC (classic)

CCNC: max. 112 SLs

SSNC: max. 1500 SLs

SR9.0 supports SSNC (new)

& CCNC (classic)

CCNC: max. 112 SLs

SSNC: max. 1500 SLs

Fig. 23


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TM2100EU02TM_000148

SSNC Hardware Architecture

The SSNC Hardware is based on EWSX ATM technology. It is nearly identically to

the architecture of the Siemens SGSN. The SSNC functions are spread over severalfunctions. This results in a high degree of flexibility. Adaptation to future requirementsregarding message throughput and new features is possible, due to the scalability ofthe main processor platform.

The SSNC Hardware comprises the following units:

Line Interface Cards LIC Main Processors MPATM Switching Network ASNATM bridge Processor, type C

Line Interface Card LIC: the LIC converts incoming message streams from the SS7network from synchronous transfer mode with 3 Mbit/s to internal ATM cell streams

with 207 Mbit/s and vice versa. The LIC is also the interface to high-speed links HSL.Up to 248 signaling channels, i.e. 8 PCM30 links or 8 HSL can be connected to aLIC.

Main Processor MP: the MP is the key component of the SSNC. Up to 50 MP existin the maximum SSNC configuration:

Up to 47 MPs for Signaling Link Termination MP:SLT (handling MTP, SCCP), 1 MP for Signaling Manager MP:SM (MTP & SCCP management & maintenance), 1 MP for Statistics MP:STATS and 1 MP for Operation, Administration & Maintenance MP:OAM

ATM Switching Network ASN: The ASN interconnects the individual MPs and linksthe LICs to the MP:SLTs. An ASN40 with 40 Gbit/s switch capacity is used.

ATM bridge Processor, type C AMPC: The AMPC is the interface between theATM equipment in the SSNC and the Coordination Processor CP in the CoordinationArea. It converts the ATM data from the SSNC to the CP communication mode andvice versa. For functional purposes the AMPC belongs to the SSNC, but it is locatedin the module frame of the CP.


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TM2100EU02TM_000149

SSNCHW Architecture SNLTG

LTG

SSNC

ASNATM

SwitchingNetwork

40 Gbit/s

LIC

LIC

MP:SLT

MP:SLT

MP:SM

MP:STATS

MP:OAMSwitch

Commander

CP AMPC* MBD

207Mbit/sATM

207 Mbit/sATM

2 Mbit/s PCM30SS7 links(64 kbit/s)

ASN: ATM switching network ATM switch; interconnecting

LICs, MPs & CP (via AMPC)

LIC: Line Interface Circuitinterfaces max. 8 E1 / HSLs;

convert SS7 data: external PCM30 SSNC internal ATM

MP: Main Processor SSNC key component - 1..47 MP: SLTfor Signalling Link Termination (MTP, SCCP) - 1 MP: SMfor Signaling Manager - 1MP: STATSfor Statistics - 1MP: OAMfor OAM tasks; OMAP; interfaces Switch Commander

AMPC: ATM bridge processor C converts SSNC ATM data

CP communication mode

ASN: ATM switching network ATM switch; interconnecting

LICs, MPs & CP (via AMPC)

LIC: Line Interface Circuitinterfaces max. 8 E1 / HSLs;

convert SS7 data: external PCM30 SSNC internal ATM

MP: Main Processor SSNC key component - 1..47 MP: SLTfor Signalling Link Termination (MTP, SCCP)

- 1 MP: SMfor Signaling Manager - 1MP: STATSfor Statistics - 1MP: OAMfor OAM tasks; OMAP; interfaces Switch Commander

AMPC: ATM bridge processor C converts SSNC ATM data

CP communication mode

2 Mbit/sPCM30/ ATM

* AMPC belongs to SSNC for functionalpurposes, but it is located in the CP module frame

Fig. 24


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2.6 Coordination AreaCoordination Processor CP113C/CR: The CP is a central elements of the SSSnetwork node. It is responsible in the SSS network node for common functions suchas the coordination of the distributed microprocessor controls and the data transferbetween them. The CP performs the following functions: Call Processing, Operationand Safeguarding. Normal SSS nodes use a CP113C, CP113CR is used forrural/container SSS (MiniSwitch).

Message Buffer MB: The MBB is used in the SSS classic nodes (with CCNC), theMBD in the SSS innovation nodes (with SSNC). With usage of the new MBD thereare no LTG mounting restrictions of SNB. The MBD controls the message exchange

between the individual subsystems, i.e. between CP113C and the LTGs, CP113Cand the SN, LTGs, LTGs and SSNC.

Central Clock Generator CCG: The CCGB (type B) is used (with CCNC & MBB) inthe SSS classic nodes, the CCGE (type E) is used (with SSNC & MBD) in the SSSinnovation nodes. The CCG supplies the SSS network node with a highly accurate,stable clock. It locks onto an external reference (e.g. a cesium frequency standard).The clock is available even if all reference signals fail.

Craft Terminal CT: PCs (Craft Terminals CT) are used for local O&M of the SSSnodes. They are equipped with Windows NT and CD-ROM drives.

External Memory EM: The EM are Mass Storage Media. It used e.g. for programs &data that do not always have to be resident in the CP, as mirror image of all residentprograms & data for automatic recovery and call charge and traffic measurementdata. It consists of two Magnetic Disc Devices MDD, a Magnetic Tape Device MTD orMagneto-Optical Disk MOD for input & output.

Authentication Centers:Authentication Centers are connected to the CP only whenthe SSS node includes AC functionality.


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Coordination Area

SNSN

SSNC*

LTG

LTG

LTG

LTG

LTG

LTG

DSU

DAS

LTG

* classic node: CCNC + MBC + CCGB

*1 only if HLR/AC nodeMOD: Magneto-Optical Disk Device

MTD: Magnetic Tape DeviceMDD: Magnetic Disc Device

Coordination Processor

CP113C central element of D900/1800SSS nodesCP113CR for rural/container SSS (MiniSwitch)

CP coordinates peripheralmicroprocessor controls &data transfer between them

CP performs:Call processingOperationSafeguarding

Coordination Processor

CP113C central element of D900/1800SSS nodesCP113CR for rural/container SSS (MiniSwitch)

CP coordinates peripheralmicroprocessor controls &data transfer between them

CP performs:Call processingOperationSafeguarding

Coordination Area

CP 113C

CCGE* MBD*

EM CTAC*1 Craft Terminal for local O&M CT boot Switch Commander

Craft Terminal for local O&M CT boot Switch Commander

Central Clock Generator Eprovides SSS node with highly accurate, stable clock locks onto external reference; often: caesium frequency standard

Central Clock Generator Eprovides SSS node with highly accurate, stable clock locks onto external reference; often: caesium frequency standard

External MemoryMOD / MTD, MDD for data storage

External MemoryMOD / MTD, MDD for data storage

Message Buffer D

controls internalmessage exchange: CPLTG CPSN (SGC) LTG LTG LTG SSNC

Message Buffer Dcontrols internalmessage exchange: CPLTG CPSN (SGC) LTG LTG LTG SSNC

Fig. 25


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Coordination Processor CP113C/CR

The CP113C/CR consists of a modular multiprocessor system. It performs the

following functions: Call Processing (digit translation, routing, zoning, path selection through the

switching network, charge registration, traffic data administration, networkmanagement),

Operation (input/output to/from EM, communication with CT, communication withthe Switch Commander SC) and

Safeguarding (self-supervision, error detection, error treatment).The CP consists of the following functional units:

Base Processors BAP: 1 BAP operates as Master BAPM, 1 as Spare BAPS. TheBAPM processes O&M tasks plus some of the call-processing tasks, the BAPShandles only call-processing.

Call Processors CAP: The CAPs (between 0 and 10) handle call-processingtasks only. They form a pool (n+1) redundancy.

Input/Output Controls IOC: The IOCs form the interfaces between the BCMYand the IOPs. 1 / 2 pair are used.

Input/Output Processors IOP: Various types of IOPs connect the CP113C/CRwith the other HW subsystems and functional units of the SSS node. IOP typesuses in the CP113C/CR are: IOP:MB (IOP for MB, used for the connection to MB,

SYP, CCG, CCNC), IOP:TA (IOP for Time & Alarms), IOP:UNI (UNIversal IOP forO&M devices), IOP:SCDP (IOP for Serial data Communication Devices withBX.25/X.25 Protocol; i.e. for connection to the Switch Commander and OperationSystem OS) and IOP:AUC (IOP for Authentication Center).

ATM bridge Processor AMPC: The AMPC links the CP113C/CR to the SSNCand converts the ATM data (SSNC) to CP format and vice versa.

Common Memory CMY: The components of the CMY include the databaseshared by all of the processors, and the input & output lists used by the IOPs forMP (IOP:MB) and the communication areas used by the IOPs linked to the O&Mperiphery.

Bus for Common Memory BCMY: The BCMYs interlink all processors (BAP,CAP, AMPC) including IOCs and links them with the CMY.


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IOPs connects CP to:MB CCG EM/CT SC AC (AC = IOP:AUC) external clock external alarms ...

IOPs connects CP to:MB CCG EM/CT SC AC (AC = IOP:AUC) external clock external alarms ...

IOC1

AMPC1

Coordination

Processor

CMYCommon Memory

BCMYBus for Common Memory

AMPC

0ATMbridge

Processor

CAP0

CallProcessor

CAP5/7/9

CallProcessor

BAPMBaseProcessorMaster

BAPSBaseProcessor

Spare

IOC

0Input/OutputControl

IOC3

IOC

2

SSNC

IOP

IOP

IOP

IOP

Basiccapacity stage

of CP113C

includes database: shared by all processors I/O lists for IOPs

includes database: shared by all processors I/O lists for IOPs

links BAP, CAP, IOC & CMYlinks BAP, CAP, IOC & CMY

call-processingcall-processingcall-

processing

call-processing

O&M tasks+ call-

processing

O&M tasks+ call-

processing

controlinterface

CMYIOPs

controlinterface

CMYIOPs

0

15

15

0

Fig. 26


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2.7 Summary D900/D1800SSSThe D900/D1800SSS contains the following HW subsystems: Line/Trunk Groups LTG Data Service Unit DSU Switching Network SN Signaling System Network Control SSNC (SSS innovation node) or Common Channel signaling Network Control CCNC (SSS classic node) Coordination Area with:

- Coordination Processor CP113C/CR

- Message Buffer MB (MBD / MBC)

- Central Clock Generator CCG (CCGE / CCGB)

- External Memory EM

- Craft Terminal CT

- Authentication boxes (optionally)

In the SSS classic node the CCNC is used together with the CCGB and the MBB.

In the SSS innovation node the SSNC is used together with the CCGE and the MBD.


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SNSwitchingNetwork

LTGLine/Trunk Group

LTG

LTG

LTG

LTG

LTG

LTG

SSNC*Signalling SystemNetwork Control

DSU

Data Service Unit

DASDigital Announcement

Systems

BSS

ISDN /PSTN

D900/1800SSS

Trunk Loop LTGe.g. for MMC, lawful interception

Conference LTGe.g. for MPTY, ASCI services

high speed SS7 links

SMS-SC, CSE, VMSC

Summary

D900/1800SSS

Coordination Area

CCGE* MBD*

EM CTAC

CP 113C

Fig. 27


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3 Operation & MaintenanceSiemens Solution

Operation & Maintenance

OMSOperation &MaintenanceSubsystem

SSS Externalnetworks

SBS

PSTN /

ISDNBTSE BSC

LMT

T

T

O

Abis Asub

LMT

LMT

OMC-BOperation &

Maintenance

Center

for the BSS

T

D900/D1800SSS

MSC/VLR / HLR/AC / EIR

SCSwitch

Commander

(innovation nodeswith SSNC)

OMC-SOMC for

the SSS

(classic nodeswith CCNC)

A

TRAU

O

Dedicated

lines

CT

N ailed-up

connectionNUC

LMT, CT: local O&M

OMC-B & SC: remote, centralised O&M

LMT, CT: local O&M

OMC-B & SC: remote, centralised O&M

Fig. 28


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Operation & Maintenance O&M

O&M of the SBS and SSS network elements can be done locally, i.e. at the site of the

particular node, and centralized.Local O&M

For local O&M in the SBS Local Maintenance Terminals LMT (portable PCs) areused. LMTs can be connected via proprietary T-Interface to BSC, BTSE and TRAU.For local O&M in the SSS Craft Terminals CT (commercial Windows NT PCs) areused.

Centralized O&M: OMS

Remote, centralized O&M is done in the Operation & Maintenance Subsystem OMS.The OMS is split up into OMC-B (Operation & Maintenance Center for the BSS),

OMC-S (OMC for the SSS) OMC-S for the SSS classical nodes (including the CCNC)and SC (Switch Commander) for the SSS innovation nodes (including the SSNC).

SC and OMC-B are used for GPRS network elements / enhancements, too.

OMC-S and OMC-B are connected via PSDN (X.25) to the SSS / SBS networkelements.

The OMC-B is always linked to the BSCs of the BSS. The link between BSC andOMC-B is realized either via dedicated X.25 (64 kbit/s) lines or via MSC PCM30 links(nailed-up connections NUC).

The SC is connected either via PSDN (X.25) or via LAN (Q3) with TCP/IP protocol to

the SSS nodes.

SC / OMC-B: Network Components

Central components of the SC are Craft Terminals CT and the SC Servers. Centralcomponents of the OMC-B are the O&M Terminals OMT and O&N Processor OMPServer.

CTs / OMTs and the SC Servers / OMP Servers are connected to LANs in the OMC.

The CTs and SC Servers are commercial computers (Windows NT PCs / WindowsNT Servers). The SC is a highly scalable system and can be configured from a single

workplace system to 40 communication servers and 300 clients using a 100 Mbit/sLAN.

The OMP Servers are commercially computer (SUN Sparc/Enterprise), the OMTsSUN graphical workstations WS or X-Terminals X-Ts (SUN Sparc classic X). Up to 8WS or X-Ts with an X-T Server are connected in an OMC-B to the OMP Server(optionally duplicated) via LAN.


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TM2100EU02TM_000159

SSSSBS

BTSE BSC

LMT

T

T

Abis Asub

LMT

LMT

T

D900/D1800SSS

MSC/VLR / HLR/AC / EIR

ATRAU

CT

Network Components CT: Windows NT PCsSC Server: Windows NT ServerSC: up to 40 Server / 300 clients

OMP-Server: SUN Sparc/Enterprise

OMT: SUN WS /X-TerminalsOMC-B: max. 8 WS, 2 OMP Server

CT: Windows NT PCs

SC Server: Windows NT ServerSC: up to 40 Server / 300 clients

OMP-Server: SUN Sparc/Enterprise

OMT: SUN WS /X-Terminals

OMC-B: max. 8 WS, 2 OMP Server

OMC-B SCSC

Server

OMP

Server

OMP: O&M ProcessorOMT: O&M Terminal

LANLAN

OMT CT

CT: Craft TerminalWS: Workstations

O

X.25

O

NUC

PCM

30

X.25

Q3

(TCP/IP)

OMC-B & SCused for

GPRS, too

OMC-B & SCused for

GPRS, too

Fig. 29


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Central Functions

The OMC-Bincludes the following central functions required for centralized O&M of

the BSS network elements and the OMC-B itself: Configuration Management CM: The task of configuration management is the

administration of network resources, i.e. administration of network changes,support of installation and recovery action, provision and display of statusinformation.

Software Management SWM: Software can be downloaded from the OMC-B to theBSS network entities (First SW installation, Patch handling, SW changes &upgrades,..).

Test Management TM: Operator-controlled tests are available to verify properworking of managed objects. Diagnostics are very important for the process offault treatment and restoration of repaired units.

Fault Management FM: FM includes all the measures required to detect and repairfaults (down to a single module) in the PLMN.

Performance Management PM: monitoring the traffic load and networkperformance. Short- & long-term traffic, performance and quality-of-servicemeasurements are recorded and made available.

Security Management SM: access protection mechanism.

The Switch Commandersoftware includes basic system and application softwarefunctions.

The basic system includes the following parts: installation, recovery, central functionswhich allow general access to utilities, LAN & WAN communication, file transferfunctions to the network elements of the SSS.

The application software includes basic applications and SSS applications. Basicapplications are security management SM, user interface, computer & databasestructure, facilities for interworking the CT to the SC.

The SSS applications include configuration management CM, fault & maintenancemanagement, performance management PM, accounting management andautomated patch supply (autopatch).


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OMP

BSCBTSE TRAU

Configuration Management CM

Sofware Management SWM

Test Management TM

Fault Management FM

Performance Management PM

Security Management SM

CM SWM TM FTM PM SM

OMT

LMT

OMC-B

Basic

Functions SC

Basic System

InstallationRecoveryCentral functions which allow general access to utilities

LAN & WAN communication

file transfer functions to SSS network elements

Basic System

Installation

RecoveryCentral functions which allow general access to utilities

LAN & WAN communicationfile transfer functions to SSS network elements

Application SW

Basic Applications:

Security Management SM (access protection mechanism)

user interfacecomputer & database structurefacilities for interworking the CT to the SC

SSS Applications:

Configuration Management CMFault & Maintenance Management

Performance Management PM(also with help of STATS application)

Accounting ManagementAutomated patch supply (Autopatch)

Application SW

Basic Applications:

Security Management SM (access protection mechanism)

user interfacecomputer & database structurefacilities for interworking the CT to the SC

SSS Applications:

Configuration Management CMFault & Maintenance Management

Performance Management PM(also with help of STATS application)

Accounting ManagementAutomated patch supply (Autopatch)

Fig. 30


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08 tm2100eu02tm 0001 siemens solution

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