0415 riserposter 032315 final
TRANSCRIPT
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BuoyancyAir Tank
Tensioner
Hydro-PneumaticTensioner,Ram-Style
Hydro-PneumaticTensioner,Pull-Style
Top Tension Riser
Chart 2 RISER SYSTEMS
Dry Tree Riser SystemsWet Tree Riser Systems
SteelLazyWaveRiser
SimpleSteel
CatenaryRiser
SingleLeg
HybridRiser
BundledHybridRiser
BondedFlexible
Riser
UnbondedFlexible
Riser
Non-MetallicUnbonded
Risers
MetallicUnbonded
Risers
HybridUnbonded
Risers
Hybrid RiserSteel Catenary Riser Flexible RiserIntegrated
Production Riser
Figure 2 - Flexible Riser Configurations
A&R Abandonment & RecoveryAL Artificial LiftAPI American Petroleum InstituteAWS American Welding SocietyBCF Billion Cubic FeetBOP Blow-Out PreventerBOPD Barrels of Oil per Day BPD Barrels Per Day BTU British Thermal UnitC/WO Completion/WorkoverCAPEX Capital Expenditures CFR Code of Federal RegulationsDBD Design Basis DocumentDP Dynamic PositioningEDP Emergency Disconnect PackageEOL End of LifeEPIC Engineering, Procurement, Installation, and ConstructionESDV Emergency Shutdown ValveETLP Extended Tension Leg PlatformFAT Factory Acceptance TestFBE Fusion Bonded EpoxyFLNG Floating Liquefied Natural GasFOI Floating Offshore InstallationFPS Floating Production System FPSO Floating Production Storage
& Offloading Vessel FPU Floating Production UnitFSHR Free Standing Hybrid RiserFTP Flowing Tubing PressureGLR Gas Liquid RatioGOM Gulf of Mexico
GOR Gas Oil RatioGVF Gas Volume Fraction HAZID Hazard IdentificationHAZOP Hazard and OperabilityHmax Maximum Wave HeightHs Significant Wave HeightHIPPS High Integrity Pressure Protection
SystemHO Hang OffHPHT High Pressure High TemperatureHSE Health, Safety and EnvironmentID Inside DiameterISO International Organization for
StandardizationLAST Lowest Anticipated Service
TemperatureLMRP Lower Marine Riser PackageLSD Limit State DesignLWRP Lower Workover Riser PackageMAP Maximum Allowable PressureMBCPD Thousand Barrels Condensate Per DayMBIWPD Thousand Barrels Injected Water
Per DayMBOPD Thousand Barrels Oil Per DayMBR Minimum Bend RadiusMBWPD Thousand Barrels Water Per DayMG Marine GrowthMMBOE Million Barrels Oil EquivalentMMSCFD Million Standard Cubic Feet Per DayMODU Mobile Offshore Drilling UnitMSL Mean Sea LevelMWA Mid-Water Arch
NACE National Association of Corrosion Engineers
OD Outside DiameterOOR Out-Of-RoundnessOPEX Operational ExpendituresPARLOC Pipeline And Riser Loss of ContainmentPIP Pipe-In-PipePLEM Pipeline End ManifoldPLET Pipeline End Termination PLIM Pipeline Inline Manifold PMV Production Master ValvePPMV Parts Per Million by Unit VolumePWHT Post Weld Heat TreatmentPWV Production Wing ValveRAO Response Amplitude OperatorROV Remotely Operated Vehicle RP Return PeriodRWI Raw Water InjectionSCF Stress Concentration FactorSCR Steel Catenary RiserSCSSV Surface Controlled Subsurface
Safety ValveSEMI Semi-Submersible Drilling /
Production VesselSITP Shut-In Tubing PressureSLOR Single Line Offset RiserSLWR Steel Lazy Wave RiserSOL Start of LifeSPAR Deep-Draft Floating Caisson Type
VesselSS Subsea SSIV Subsea Isolation ValveSSV Surface Safety Valve
Tp Peak Wave PeriodTDP Touchdown PointTLP Tension Leg Platform TSA Thermal Sprayed Aluminum TTR Top-Tension Riser TVD True Vertical Depth VIM Vortex Induced Motion VIV Vortex Induced Vibration WCT Wireline or Coiled Tubing WD Water Depth WH Wellhead WI Water Injection WT Wall Thickness WSD Working Stress Design
TABLE 2 INDUSTRY ACRONYMS & ABBREVIATIONS
INDUSTRY RECOMMENDED PRACTICES & STANDARDS:
1. API Standard 2RD (for steel riser design) 2. API RP 1111 - LSD (mainly for SCR design) 3. API Spec 5L (specification for line pipe) 4. DNV-OS-F201 (for steel riser design) 5. DNV-OS-F101 (materials and fabrication) 6. DNV-RP-F203 (riser interference) 7. API Spec 17J (for unbonded flexible pipe) 8. API RP 17B (for flexible pipe) 9. API Spec 17L1 (for flexible pipe ancillary
equipment)10. API RP 17L2 (for flexible pipe ancillary
equipment)
Table 3 Riser System Options
Riser TypesProduction Platform Types
Compliant Tower TLP SPAR SEMI FPSO - Non Cyclonic Env.FPSO - Cyclonic
Env.
1.0 Wet Tree Riser Systems
1.1
Steel Catenary Riser
1.1.1 Simple Steel Catenary Riser H H H H H NA1.1.2 Steel Lazy Wave Riser H H H H H H
1.2
Hybrid Riser
1.2.1 Single Leg Hybrid Riser H H H H H H1.2.2 Bundled Hybrid Riser H H H H H H
1.3
Flexible Riser
1.3.1 Bonded Flexible Pipe H H H H H H
1.3.2
Unbonded Flexible Riser
1.3.2.1 Metallic Unbonded Risers H H H H H H1.3.2.2 Non-Metallic Unbonded Risers H H H H H H1.3.2.3 Hybrid Unbonded Risers H H H H H H
1.3.3 Integrated Production Riser H H H H H H2.0 Dry Tree Riser Systems
2.1
Top Tension Riser
2.1.1 Buoyancy Air Tank Tensioner H H H NA NA NA2.1.2 Hydro-Pneumatic Tensioner Ram Style H H H NA NA NA2.1.3 Hydro-Pneumatic Tensioner Pull Style H H H NA NA NA
H Installed H In Development H Conceptual / Potentially Feasible
Table 5 Representative Examples of Hybrid Risers
Name Region Type Water Depth (m)Year
Installed Status OperatorsFloating Platform
Type
# of Towers or
Risers
Installation Method
West Africa
Girassol Angola Bundle 1,350 2001 Operating Total Elf Spread Moored FPSO 3 Surface Tow
Kizomba A Angola Single Line1,006-1,280
2004 Operating Exxon Spread Moored FPSO 3 J-Lay
Kizomba B Angola Single Line 2004 Operating Exxon Spread Moored FPSO J-Lay
BP Greater Plutonio Angola Bundle 1,311 2007 Operating BP Spread Moored FPSO 1 Surface Tow
Rosa Angola Bundle 1,350 2007 Operating Total Elf Spread Moored FPSO 1 Surface Tow
CLOV Angola Bundle / Single Line 1,050-1,410 2011 Operating Total Spread Moored FPSO 3 Surface Tow
Kizomba Satellites Angola Single Line 1,100 2011 Operating Total E&P Spread Moored FPSO 4 J-Lay
PVSM Angola Single Line 2,100 2012 Operating BP Turret Moored FPSO 9 J-Lay
USAN Nigeria Single Line 750 2013 Operating Exxon Spread Moored FPSO 7 J-Lay
Name Region Type Water Depth (m)Year
Installed Status OperatorsFloating
Platform Type
# of Towers or
Risers
Installation Method
West Africa
EGINA Nigeria Single Line 1,440 Detailed Design/Execute Total E&P Spread Moored FPSO 8 J-Lay
Kaombo Angola Single Line 1,600 Detailed Design/Execute FPSO 18
Brazil
Roncador P-52 Campos Basin Single Line 1,800 2007 Operating Petrobras Semi-Sub FPU 1 J-Lay
Sapinoa Norte & Cernambi Sul Brazil Single Line 2,130 2015 Installing Petrobras Turret Moored FPSO 2 J-Lay
Lula Norte Estremo Sul Brazil Single Line 2,170 Detailed Design/Execute Petrobras FPSO 2 J-Lay
Gulf of Mexico
Cascade/Chinook GoM Single Line 2,600 2010 Operating Petrobras Turret Moored FPSO 1 J-Lay
Figure 9 Top-Tension Riser Components Courtesy of Technip
Courtesy of DeepFlex, NOV, Technip and WoodGroupKenny
Table 4 Technology Status of Unbonded Flexible Risers
Name Status Specification
Max Allowable Water Depth (WD) Max Inside Diameter (ID) Max Allowable Pressure (Mpa)
WD (m) Associated ID (in)Max
Temperature (C)
ID (in) Associated WD (m)Max
Temperature (C) Pressure (Mpa) Associated ID (in)Max
Temperature (C)
Deepflex Installed 1,500 3.5 60 9 200 70 27 3.5 60
Qualified 3,000 7 120 12 500 90 69 7 120
Enabling 3,500 10 130 16 1,000 120 104 8 130
NOV Installed 1,730 6 130 16.6 300 130 43 12 130
Qualified 2,000 8 130 16 500 130 55 12 130
Enabling 3,500 10 150 16 1,500 150 138 6 150
Technip Installed 2,250 8 130 19 300 130 138 4 130
Qualified 3,000 9 150 20 500 150 138 6 150
Enabling 3,000 12 170 22 500 170 128 9 170
STATUS OF THE TECHNOLOGY FROM SEABED TO SURFACE
2015 DEEPWATER PRODUCTION RISER SYSTEMS & COMPONENTS
Prepared By: Makintha Brany, Venkat Chakkarapani, Joshua Coombes, Gavin Harte, JC Lega, Johann Melillo, Oluwakayode Oke, Alan Whooley of WoodGroupKenny
Downloads available at www.offshore-mag.com.
SOFTWAREMONITORING &INSTRUMENTATION
ENGINEERING FIRMS
UNBONDEDFLEXIBLE RISERS
BONDED FLEXIBLE RISERS FLEXIBLE JOINT CENTRALIZER
BUOYANCY MODULE
DIVERLESS BEND STIFFENER CONNECTOR
BEND STIFFENER & BEND
RESTRICTORS
RISER PIPE,CONNECTOR
& STRESS JOINT
PRODUCTION RISER SYSTEM /COMPONENTS
INSTALLATION EQUIPMENT /
INSPECTION TOOLMID WATER ARCH
& RISER CLAMPTHERMAL
INSULATIONTELESCOPIC JOINT & TERMINATION JOINT
TENSIONING SYSTEM CONTRACTORS
VIV SUPRESSIONDEVICE
ENGINEERINGCONSULTANCY
2H Offshore
AMOG
Aquaterra Energy
Atkins
BPP Tech
Aker Solutions
Saipem
Technip
Ceona
Doris
Flextech
FloaTEC
Gate, Inc.
Genesis
IntecSea
JD Marine
KBR / Granherne
London Marine Consultants
MMI Engineering
RiserTec
Stress Engineering
Technip
Unique Maritime Group
Wood Group Kenny
Xodus Subsea
Fluor
AFGlobal
Aker Solutions
Dril-Quip
GE Oil & Gas
OilPatch Technologies
Oil States
OneSubsea
Precision Castparts
Scana Steel
Tenaris
Wyman-Gordon
RTI International
2H Offshore
4Subsea
Astro Technology
BMT
BPP Tech
Fugro
National Oilwell Varco (NOV)
National Oilwell Varco (NOV)Oil States
Pulse
Schlumberger
Wood Group Kenny
Technip
A & P Group
Aker Solutions
Allpoints (AFGlobal)
Balmoral Offshore
Icon Engineering
London Marine Consultants
Matrix Composites
RiserTec
AFGlobal AIMS International
Allbrown Universal
Balmoral Offshore
Shell Global Solutions
Trelleborg Offshore
VIV Solutions
Aspen Aerogels
Balmoral Offshore
Bredero Shaw
Cabot
ITP Interpipe
ShawCor
Technip
Trelleborg Offshore
AFGlobal
Dril-Quip
GE Oil & Gas
MHWirth
Oil States
OneSubsea
Wyman-Gordon
Saipem
Trelleborg Offshore
Shenzhen Chiwan Sembawang Eng. Co.
ANSYS
Bentley
Dassault Systemes
JD Marine
Marintek
MIT
Orcina
Wood Group Kenny
Zentech
ENGINEERING WITHASSET SUPPORT
McDermott International
Subsea7 DNV GL
AFGlobal
WireCo World Group / Lankhorst Mouldings
WireCo World Group / Lankhorst Mouldings
DTI
GE Oil & Gas
MHD Offshore
MHWirth
National Oilwell Varco (NOV)
OilPatch Technologies
Aquatic
CAN Group
Global Marine Systems
Innospection
National Oilwell Varco (NOV)
Oceaneering
Vallourec &Mannesmann
Balmoral Offshore
Deep Down
Matrix Composites
Trelleborg Offshore
WireCo World Group / Lankhorst Mouldings
James Fisher and Sons / Fendercare Marine
DeepFlex Magma Global
GE Oil and Gas
National Oilwell Varco (NOV)
Technip
Aker Solutions
Balmoral Offshore
Forum Energy Technologies
Trelleborg Offshore
FES
First Subsea
Oil States
Hutchinson
Trelleborg Offshore
ABCO Subsea
Balmoral Offshore
BRI Offshore
CIRCOR Energy
Deep Down
GE Oil and Gas
Matrix Composites
Oil States
Trelleborg Offshore
Whitefield Plastics
Subsea Energy Solutions
National Oilwell Varco (NOV)
Aker Solutions
Dril-Quip
GE Oil & Gas
GMC
OilPatch Technologies
Oil States
OneSubsea
Precision Castparts
SBM Offshore
Technip
Wyman-Gordon
Scana Steel
Vallourec &Mannesmann
National Oilwell Varco (NOV)
Aker Solutions
EMAS
Fugro
Helix Energy Solutions
McDermott International
SapuraKencana
Saipem
Subsea7
Technip
SBM Offshore
Heerema
National Oilwell Varco (NOV)
Chart 1 COMPANIES WITH SUBSEA RISER SYSTEMS AND COMPONENTS
CONSTRUCTION & INSTALLATION
COMPONENTS OF FREE-HANGING RISERS
MANUFACTURERS
COMPONENTS OF TOP-TENSION PRODUCTION RISERS
M A G A Z I N E1455 West Loop South, Suite 400; Houston, TX 77027
Tel: 713-621-9720; Fax: 713-963-6296 www.offshore-mag.com
WoodGroupKenny432 Murray Street
Perth WA6000, AustraliaPhone: +61 8 6314 2555
www.woodgroupkenny.com
A P R I L 2 0 1 5
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF THE CONTRIBUTORS:WoodGroupKenny and Offshore Magazine wish to acknowledge the following individuals and companies who continue to support
our efforts to educate and inform the oil & gas industry on the status of deepwater production riser technology.
2H Offshore: Mike Campbell, Tim Eyles; AF Global Corporation: Christine Mathers; Aker Solutions: Roger Lu, John Nustad, Kate Winterton; Balmoral: Stephen Gibb; DeepFlex: Jessica Knee; INTECSEA: Diane Bailey; NOV: Joachim Christensen, Rusty De La Fuente, Svein Fidje, Allison
Hablinski, Lene Lykke Meisner; Oil States: Brian Mizell, Darlene Morris; Saipem: Fabia Perrone; SBM Offshore: Nicole Fallon-Olivieri; Technip: Aline Elhage, Steven Jin, Sarah Prendergast, Alan Yu; Trelleborg Offshore: Ruth Clay; Xodus Subsea: Fiona Cowie.
POSTER
118 2015 Off
shor
e
Information Accuracy: We have attempted to use correct and current, as of press time, information for the riser systems and components described herein. No installed, sanctioned, nor pending application was intentionally excluded. We have summarized the capability and operating experience by acting as a neutral party and integrator of information. Information has been collected from public sources, company brochures, personal interviews, phone interviews, press releases, industry magazines, vendor-supplied information, and web sites. No guarantee is made that information is accurate or all-inclusive. Neither WoodGroupKenny nor Offshore Magazine guarantees or assumes any responsibility or liability for any partys use of the information presented.
Graph 5 Representative Examples of Unbonded Flexible Risers, showing Design Pressure Capability
Graph 4 Representative Examples of Unbonded Flexible Risers, showing Water Depth Capability Courtesy of NOV, Technip and WoodGroupKenny
Courtesy of NOV, Technip and WoodGroupKenny
Courtesy of
Courtesy of
Courtesy of
Courtesy of Graph 5 Representative Examples of Unbonded Flexible Risers, showing Design Pressure Capability
Graph 4 Representative Examples of Unbonded Flexible Risers, showing Water Depth Capability
Courtesy of NOV, Technip and WoodGroupKenny
Courtesy of NOV, Technip and WoodGroupKenny
Industry Qu
alif ed with
API-17J
Graph 1 Representative Examples of Steel Catenary Risers (SCRs) Courtesy of
Table 1 - Alternatives / New Concepts of Riser Systems & Components
# COMPANY CONCEPT NAME/TYPE STAGE OF DEV. (1)PLATFORM
TYPE (2)DIAMETER (Inches)
WATER DEPTH (Meters)
INSTALLATION METHOD (3)
Rise
r Sys
tem
s
1.1 2H Offshore/Subsea 7 Grouped Single Line Offset Riser F Freestanding 220" 1,000 - 3,000 DR1.2 Aker Solutions Dry Tree and TTR System Semi-Submersible M Se 220" 500 - 3,000 DR1.3 Aker Solutions Hybrid Riser Tower M Se, Sh 220" 1,000 - 3,000 T1.4 INTECSEA Worley Parsons Group TTR with Semi, Tension Leg Semi (TLS) C Se TTR up to 14" 500 - 3,000 DR1.5 Saipem Bundle Hybrid Offset Riser (BHOR) F Freestanding 220" 1,000 - 3,000 T1.6 Saipem Single Integrated Riser (SIR) with FPSO C Sh 220" 300 - 3,000 J1.7 SBM Offshore MoorSpar M Sh TTR & SCR 1,000 - 3,000 DR1.8 Shell Global Solutions Steel Lazy Wave Riser concept for FPSO F FPSO 612" 1,500 - 2,000 R1.9 Technip Dry Tree & TTR, internal, with BMFPSO (Buoy Moored FPSO) C Sh 220" 300 - 3,000 DR
1.10 Technip MWCC Free Standing Hybrid Riser M Sh 500 - 3,000 DR1.11 Technip Steel Lazy Wave Riser with I-tube on spar F Sp 6" 1,000 - 1,500 R
Rise
r Com
pone
nts
1.12 AFGlobal Corporation Diverless (Pull-in) Riser Connection System F Any 220" 75 - 3,000 Attached to riser1.13 Aker Solutions IPUTM (Integrated Production Umbilical) F All 412" 3,000 R1.14 Aker Solutions RiserLOCK Workover and Early Production Riser System M Se, Sh 5-3/8"7-3/8" 80 - 3,000 DR
1.15 Balmoral Balmoral Durafloat HT (hybrid insulation / buoyancy modules for high temperature operation) F Any Any 1,000 - 3,000 Attached to riser
1.16 Balmoral Balmoral Riserguard (riser protection / stacking PE modules) F Any Any N/A Attached to riser
1.17 BalmoralBalmoral Superlite-X (lightweight deepwater riser buoyancy modules)
F Any Any 1,000 - 4,500 Attached to riser
1.18 DeepFlex Inc. All Composite Unbonded Flexible Fiber Reinforced Pipe (FFRP) F Se, Sh, T, Sp 220" 300 - 3,000 R1.19 DeepFlex Inc. Hybrid Unbonded Flexible Pipe M Se, Sh, T, Sp 220" 300 - 3,000 R1.20 Magma Global m-SLOR free standing composite riser M Freestanding 212" 1,000 - 3,000 R, T1.21 MHWirth Clip riser joints F Se, Sh 1621" 3,600 DR1.22 MHWirth Direct acting riser tensioners / RAM tensioners F T, Se, Sh 1621" 3,600 DR1.23 MHWirth Telescopic joint F Se, Sh 1621" 3,600 DR1.24 MHWirth Wireline tensioners F Se, Sh 1621" 3,600 DR1.25 National Oilwell Varco (NOV) FLEXTREME Composite Pipe C Se, Sh 216" 300 - 4,000 R1.26 Oil States Gen II FlexJoint Technology F Any 4.5 24" 500 - 3,000 Stab on1.27 Oil States RotoLatch, stab & lock for riser & tendon F Any various 500 - 3,000 Stab on1.28 RTI Energy / Oil States SCR Hang-off Assemblies F Any 224" 500 - 3,000 Attached to riser1.29 SBM Offshore BTM (disconnectable internal turret FPSO) w/ SLWR M Sh 612" 1,000 - 3,000 R, J1.30 SBM Offshore GAP System F All 220" Unlimited T1.31 GMC Riser Connector M All 620 300 - 3,000 R, J, S1.32 Technip Carbon fiber armor tension layer and steel unbonded flexible riser C Se, Sh, T, Sp 416" 1,000 - 3,000 R1.33 Technip Integrated Production Bundle F All 610.75" 300 - 1,500 R
1) Field Proven (F), Model Tested/Material Tested (M), Conceptual (C) 2) TLP (T), Semi (Se), Spar (Sp), Ship (Sh) 3) Reeling (R), J-Lay (J), Drill Rig (DR), Towing (T), S-Lay (S)
Courtesy of
1.1
1.12
1.23 1.24 1.25 1.26 1.27 1.28 1.29 1.30 1.31 1.32
1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.21
1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.10
1.33
1.22
1.11
Figure 1 - Alternatives / New Concepts of Riser Systems & Components Courtesy of
Free Hanging CatenaryAdvantages Simplest configuration Minimal subsea infrastructure Easiest installationDisadvantages Feasibility challenge for high motion floaters Potential snatch loading at TDP Potential compression buckling at TDP Potential armor wire birdcaging
Lazy-Wave (discrete buoyancy modules)Advantages Buoyant section de-couples FPU motions from
fixed subsea end Can accommodate large vessel offsets Minimal subsea infrastructureDisadvantages Internal fluid density changes could signifi-
cantly affect configuration Large excursions under cross current (clashing
with adjacent lines)
Steep-Wave (discrete buoyancy modules)Advantages Buoyant section de-couples FPU motions from
fixed subsea end Can accommodate large vessel offsets Accommodates internal fluid density rangeDisadvantages Requires subsea base and bend stiffener
Fixed-SAdvantages Subsea structure de-couples FPU motions from
fixed subsea end Accommodates large vessel offsets Accommodates internal fluid density rangeDisadvantages Complex installation Infrastructure requirements
Tethered Wave (discrete buoyancy modules)Advantages Configuration not significantly affected by
change in internal fluid density No subsea bend stiffener requiredDisadvantages Hold down tether arrangement and clamp
required More complex make-up and installation
Lazy-S (mid-water arch)Advantages Decoupled FPU motions Accommodates large FPU offsets Large internal fluid density range Control clashing by clamps on MWADisadvantages Complex installation Infrastructure requirements Response driven by buoy hydrodynamics Large inertial effects Potential compression at touchdown point
Steep-S (mid-water arch)Advantages Decoupled FPU motions Accommodates large FPU offsets Large internal fluid density rangeDisadvantages Complex installation Infrastructure requirements Response driven by buoy hydrodynamics
Other less common or conceptual flexible riser configuration concepts:
Chinese Lantern Double Wave Camel-S
Courtesy of
0
500
1000
1500
2000
WaterDep
th(m
) Maxim
umIn
stalleddia
meter
Project:Holstein
Graph1 RepresentativeExamplesofSteelCatenaryRisers(SCRs)
Project:ThunderHorse
Project:Atlantis
Project:MadDog
2500
30000 5 10 15 20 25 30
Oil\GasExportSCRsonSpar ProductionSCRsonSpar Oil\GasExportSCRsonTLPProductionSCRsonTLP Oil\GasExportSCRsonSemiSub ProductionSCRsonSemiSubOil\Gas\FlowlineSCRsoncompliantTower Oil\ProductionSCRsonJacket GasExportSCRsonFPSOProductionSCRsonFPSO Gas\WaterInjectionSCRsonFPSO
W
OuterDiameter (in)
MaximumInstalledWaterDepth Project:Independence Hub
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
WaterDep
th(m
)
InsideDiameter(in.)
RepresentativeExamplesofUnbondedFlexibleRisers,showingWaterDepthCapability
NOV
Technip
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
InsideDiameter(in.)
0
3000
6000
9000
12000
15000
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
Desig
nPr
essure(p
si)
InsideDiameter(in.)
RepresentativeExamplesofUnbondedFlexibleRisers,showingDesignPressureCapability
PxID=70000
PxID=80000
NOV
Technip
1.20
Drill riserbuoyancy
Hybrid risertower buoyancy
Pin/box endprotection
Riser impactprotectionwww.balmoralofshore.com
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