03-04 excel charts
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Making Excel
Charts
Copyright (c) 2011 by The McGraw-H il l Companies. This mater ial is intended solely for
educational use by l icensed users ofLearningStats. I t may not be copied or r esold for prof it.
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Whats Your Data Type?
Your data type dictates theacceptable char t type.
Cross sectional data (x1, x2, , xn)
Numerical data: histogram, bar chart
Categorical data: bar, column, pie
Time series data (y1, y2, , yn): line chart, bar chart
Bivariate data (x1,y1), (x2,y2), , (xn,yn): scatter plot
Note: Only Excel charts are listed. Statistics packages
(e.g., SPSS, Minitab) offer more choices for statistical
data analysis. MegaStat (or similar Excel add-ins) will
enhance Excels basic charts and make them nicer.
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Chart Types
Here are the Excel charts you aremost l ikely to use in a statisti cs class.
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Chart Edit Tools
After you have created a char t, you can customizeit using theDesign, Layout, orFormat ribbon.
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Chart Types
To add a ti tle and axis labels, cli ck onthe chart and use theLayout ribbon).
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Line Chart: Data EntryStep 1. Enter the data.
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Select DataStep 2. Highl ight the data (not the heading).
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Select ChartStep 3. ClickInsert r ibbon and choose char t type and style.
These data are a time
series, so we might
choose a line chart.
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Axis Labels?Step 4. Right-cli ck on graph and chooseSelect Data.
This is an annual time
series, so we want to put
years on thex-axis.
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Select Axis LabelsStep 5. Enter x-axis label range after you clickEdit.
This is an annual time
series, so we want to put
years on thex-axis.
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Align Data with Axis Ticks?Step 6. Right-cli ck on x-axis and position labels.
Excel centers each data value in
the middle of the axis interval.Thats OK for a bar chart, but for
a line chart we want to align data
with axis ticks (see next page to
see the difference).
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Customize Chart
Before
After
Step 7. ClickLayout
ribbon and edit graph.
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Scatter PlotHighlight data (not headings) and clickInsert. Add
axis labels later by clicking theLayout ribbon.
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Pie Chart
Use a pie chart only when
data comprises parts of awhole (e.g., market shares
must sum to 100%). Does not
work well if there are more
than a few data values.
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Bar Chart
A bar chart may be
better than a piechart to compare
data magnitudes.
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Time Series Bar Chart
Or you can use a
bar chart to show atime series. But
always put time on
the x-axis.
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Bottom Line
Charts are important in business.
Excel charts are flexible.
But its defaults are rather plain.
Why not take control? Customize!