This research will cover…• Sustainable Biking Trends over the world

• Sustainable Biking Trends in Asia– Overview

– Japan

– Korea

– Singapore

• Sustainable Biking Trends in China– Overview

– Hangzhou

– Shanghai

– Wuhan

• COOLBIKE in Shanghai– Recap trends in Shanghai

– Strategy of COOLBIKE (goals, target, SWOT model, COOLBIKE’s DNA)

Trends over the world

•Overview•� Bike paths on the rise•� Hire scheme is a success•� Support for bikers moves online•� Government legislation and spending is on the rise•� Education in schools is on the rise•� Car culture turns around and bikes take priority

Trends in Asia

•Overview•Legislation and Government implementation is on the rise.•Distributing the bicycle-friendly street networks•Low-carbon lifestyle becomes popular.•Bike rental scheme and storage management are highly successful.•Bike culture and educational activities is on the rise.

Trends in Asia – Legislation and implementation (spending)

•Japan- Japanese transportation policy and investment has encouraged bike-and-ride system development – to get public transport system more efficiency.- Spending on transport system to create an appropriate atmosphere for cycling .- Higher ownership cost - to discourage auto use: in Tokyo, auto registration averages $1,000 a year; parking fines can be as high as $1,500; gasoline costs 3.1 times the U.S. rate and tolls on a sixty-mile trip can cost $60.- To ↓ average point-to-point travel time throughout metropolitan areas

•Singapore43 million Investment - To achieve cleaner transport through cleaner diesel vehicles and cleaner forms of commuting to encourage cycling and walking with investments in infrastructure such as covered link-ways, cycling paths and parking facilities for cyclists at Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) stations.

•KoreaGreen New-Deal Policy Announced in 2008 which contains building of national bicycle path network. The whole plan aims to establish “green" transportation networks, including low-carbon emitting railways, bicycle tracks & other public transport systems. The total costs of this plan worth over $38bn ( £ 25bn) in environmental projects

•SummaryLegislation and Government implementation is on the rise . For sustainable development & international requirement of CO2 reduction that governments have set targets to reduce CO2 and green house gases aligned with global leaders: have to consider sustainable transport options;

Trends in Asia - Bike Path and Road Safety•Japan- By 2000, more than 121 paths through out the country; more bike paths are still in the planning or constructing stage. - The Fundamental Traffic Safety Programs (FTSP) ; Since 1981, 3rd FTSP focused on Improvement of sidewalks, community roads; shared pedestrian and bicycle lanes; and sidewalks for elderly and disabled persons.

•SingaporeLand Transport Authority (LTA) will + community stakeholders (IMCSD) to implement safety cycling networks: -In Housing Development Board (HDB) towns → to improve access for cyclists & enhance pedestrian and cyclist safety . -Besides HDB towns, LTA will also examine the feasibility of implementing cycling paths in new districts such as Marina Bay.

•Korea (e.g. Seoul)-The 120-billion-won (88-million-dollar) plan is based on a "road diet " programme→ the number of lanes for passenger vehicles in major roads will be cut to create new cycle paths. -Currently only 1.6% of all commuters use bicycles in Seoul, partly due to a lack of dedicated paths → The city government wants to criss-cross this to 4.4% in 2012, 7.6% in 2016, and 10% in 2020 . -The city will also construct bicycle parks at 16 subway stations -complete with shower rooms and lockers for cyclists before they transit to the subway.

•SummaryDistributing the bicycle-friendly street networks - Construction of bike lanes and road safety continue on rise;

Trends in Asia – Hire Scheme•JapanBike-and-Ride SystemSince 1990s, an elaborate bike rental system have developed and coordinated with the rail systems in several cities in Japan, with support from the Ministry of Transportation.

•Singapore-LTA will provide more and better designed bicycle parking facilities near MRT stations to help cyclists transfer to the public transport system for longer distance travel. As a start, LTA will build over 1,200 additional cycle parking lots in Tampines, Pasir Ris and Yishun towns by 2010.-Beyond this, LTA has also worked with public transport operators to allow foldable bicycles on buses and trains during off-peak hours.

•KoreaFree Rental Bikes at Bukchon Hanok Village -Tourists will be provided with free rental bikes . -Bike rental service has been promotes as part of the city gallery project to create Bukchon as a cultural & bicycle-friendly tourism spot.

•SummaryBike rental scheme and storage management are highly successful which also providing economy opportunities, including attention to bicycle assembly and repair workshops, goods hauling services, mobile retail services, courier services, and secure bicycle parking services.

Trends in Asia – Education•JapanShift From Owning Bicycles to Using / Sharing Bicycles (1)Bike Culture integrated into Public Transport System(2)Bike Culture Provide a New Economic Competitiveness for: suburb-to-central city travel & suburb-to-suburb travel markets.(3)Bike Culture of Bike Sharing : sending recycled bicycles to developing countries

•SingaporeCycling is a Leisure Activity Rather Than a Means of Transport(1)Mountain Biking: keeping with green ideals of living that would blend well with the possible development of a Bicycle City - could serve to bolster the country ’ s green efforts . (2)The Green Transport Date Campaign: a series of campaigns to encourage more Singaporeans to take up greener forms of transport and to gradually reduce their dependence on privately owned cars .

•Korea-South Korea is one of the world's most vulnerable countries to oil shocks - bikes have been used as a national agenda to fight high oil prices. -For international sustainable development requirement that biking also helps reduce carbon dioxide emissions , the main culprit behind global warming & solve the looming energy crisis. -On the other hand, mountain biking become more and more popular as a fashionable exercise and being widely promote by bicycle societies.

•SummaryBike culture and educational activities is on the rise . As there is a shift from automobile to bike, and from owing bike to sharing bike in some Asian countries.

Trends in China

•Overview•� Bike paths on the rise•� Hire scheme is a success•� Government legislation and spending is on the rise• Education in schools is on the rise

Trends in China-Legislation and implementation (spending)

•Now•The existing laws and regulations related to non-motor are mainly focusing on the basic traffic rules or protecting ownership As to now, there is no perfect laws or regulations linking non-motor management with sustainable environment development.

•Future•As the environment issue is getting vital, many cities such as Shanghai, Hangzhou, Wuhan, Xi’an etc. are considering spend much more in improving the bicycle facilities.

Trends in China - Bike Path and Road Safety

•Now•In many cities, there is no bike path in the central district. For example, bicycles are not allowed near the bund, Nanjing Rd., etc. Also, even in the available streets, the road conditions is not safe enough.

•Future•As the encouragement of using bicycles from government and growing emphasis on environment, things are changing. By 2020, as a trial, shanghai will finish 25 bicycle lanes in the Hongkou District.

Trends in China – Hire Scheme

•Shanghai•Intro:Shanghai selected Zhangjiang Hi-tech district to make an experiment for rental bikes in the September in 2008. One year later, it had got 33 service spots and about 800 bicycles in operation and each bike was supposed to be used 5 times a day. Another rental bike system was launched earlier in Minhang district. •Scheme:Zhangjiang Hi-tech: for becoming a member, you need to pay an annual fee.Minhang: You will get a points card (100 points initial). 2 points will be added into the card if you return the bicycle in time. Otherwise, some points will be cut from the card as punishment. Cards is no longer able to be used when out of points.•Pros & Cons:After 2-3 years monitoring and observation, it seems that the system in Minhang runs better than the one in Zhangjiang.

Trends in China – Hire Scheme•Hangzhou•Intro:Hangzhou has started its Free Rental Bikes System since the May in 2008. After about 3 years development, it got a huge success. As one of the most famous tourists cities in China, bicycle is an exclusive choice for Hangzhou to release the traffic pressure. Nowadays, it is popular not only among citizens but also among tourists. By the end of 2008, it has over 360 service spots in 6 different districts around the city.•Scheme:You can rent and return a bicycle by using Hangzhou Traffic IC card. (Tourists can use a special temporary card) at any service spot in the city.<1hr: free; 1hr< and <2hr:1rmb; 2hr< and <3hr: 2rmb; >3hr: 3rmb/hrIf you use the traffic IC card for other transport such as buses and metros before renting bicycles, you can get additional 30mins free time .•Pros & ConsPros: enough spots for convenient transition.; user-friendly renting & returning process; release the traffic pressure.Cons: no further development since 2009; Paths conditions need to be improved.

Trends in China – Hire Scheme

•Wuhan•Intro:Wuhan started the hire system since 2009. However, the development is still behind Hangzhou. As the shortage in number of service spots, it is still not convenient enough.•Scheme:You can get a membership card for free after offering your ID information and fulfilling an application form..You can use the bicycle for 4 hrs every time. The duration for renting service is 7:00am-9:00pm.•Pros & Cons:Pros: a good try which is welcome by citizens; release the traffic pressure; an economical way for tourists to tour the city; good to environment.Cons: service spots for renting, mending and parking are far away from being enough; still need to find a solution to make the riding experience more comfortable (Wuhan is too hot to ride).

Trends in China - Education

•Beijing•During the 2008 Olympic Games, Beijing government encouraged to go out by bicycles and limited the vehicles using for reducing the CO2 emissions. They tried to rebuild the image of riding as fashionable and ecological.

•Shanghai•“Better City, Better Life”. To realize what the slogan says, Shanghai government organized a series of environment-protecting events including cultivating the hobbit of biking.

COOLBIKE in Shanghai

•Some facts for biking in Shanghai :

-Number of bikes: about 13.4 million; number of pedal bicycles: 11million; the number of electric bicycles: 2.4million-Paths available for non-motor: 40-Paths only for motor: 56-About 28% citizens, 13 million people, still use bicycle for transport.-Government encourage new transport mode: Bus + Bicycle.

The Sustainable Biking Trends in Shanghai

•Bike paths on the rise -25 new bike paths will get finished in Hongkoudistrict by 2020.

•Hire scheme is getting improved - Got a lot of experiences from the trial in Zhangjiang and Minhang districts.•Legislation and spending is on the rise- The government will spend more in improving the felicities for biking.

•Education after EXPO is on the rise - After EXPO, eco-lifestyle has become a new fashion and biking is an important part.

COOLBIKE in Shanghai - Goals

1/Encourage people to choose a bike

2/Indicate bike is a potential transport tool

3/Do good to environment by using bike

4/Make biking as a lifestyle

COOLBIKE in Shanghai – Key Values•Attributes:

•Riding outside•Meeting friends•Renting & sharing bicycles

•Benefit:•Having fun•Keeping healthy•Making friends•Making life more convenient•Improving the environment

•Values:•Fun, enjoyable, sociable, free, sharing•Fashionable, urban,•Healthy, relaxing

•Personality:•Self-expression, passionate, friendly, responsible, ecological, independent

•DNA:Good to peopleGood to environmentGood to life

COOLBIKE in Shanghai – Core Target

MAKE ME FEEL & MAKE ME LOOK•Passionate, energetic but also decent and sensible.•Pursuit for happiness but also care about environment•Sociable, friendly but also independent and self-expression

CHINESEURBANYOUTH

COOLBIKE in Shanghai – SWOT Model•Strength-Lots of successful experiences from European sustainable biking development-A passionate, creative and professional team for planning and execution-Connecting COOLBIKE with our other undergoing projects (urban farming, eco-design fair etc.) to make it more interesting and diverse-Good relationships with some design agencies whose staff are our main target

•Opportunity-Infrastructure: move towards safer, regulated, non-polluted and connected pathways -Put in place bike hire scheme proven to be successful -Incentives to ride bikes: Enterprises could see this as their social responsibility and part of their overall plan to reduce CO2 and air pollution-Government to put legislation and schemes into place to support bicycle usage

•Weakness-Lack of related experiences and references in China-Lack of support from local government-No strong target engagement and involvement which lead to the relatively low loyalty

•Threats-Perceptual issues with bike riding in china-Safety: paths are unsafe, unregulated-Security: too many bikes stolen-Ease of connection: bike paths are not connected, many roads do not allow bikes-Integration with other modes of transport:-No amenities to support a bike community, such as, lockers, showers, at business sites -Pollution and weather

COOLBIKE in Shanghai - Platforms