01 electronic computers
DESCRIPTION
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Introduction to
Computers and
Programming Looking Back
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Computers Today
Living in todays society with computers.
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Computers Then
Computers were fairly mysterious devices
that only a few people knew about.
Around mid 1970s, a computer with a computational power of one of todays PCs would have filled a 9 by 12 foot room
and costs $100, 000.
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Computers Then
= $100, 000 $2, 000
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Brief History of Computing
Date Event
2000 BC The abacus is first used for computations.
1642 AD Blaise Pascal created a mechanical adding
machine for tax computations. It is unreliable.
1670
Gottfried von Leibniz created a more reliable
adding machine that can add, subtract,
multiplies and divides numbers and calculate
square roots.
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Brief History of Computing
Date Event
1842
Charles Babbage designed an analytical
engine to perform general calculations
automatically. Ada Augusta (aka Lady
Lovelace) is a programmer for this machine.
1946
J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly design
and built the ENIAC computer. It uses 18, 000
vacuum tubes and costs $500, 000 to build.
1971
Nicklaus Wirth designed the Pascal
programming language as a language for
teaching structured programming concepts.
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Brief History of Computing
Date Event
1972
Dennis Ritchie of AT&T Bell Laboratories
designed the C programming language as
the implementation language for the UNIX
operating systems.
1984
Apple introduced the Macintosh, the first
widely available computer with a user-friendly graphical interface using icons, windows and a mouse device.
1989
Microsoft Corporation introduced Windows, a
Macintosh-like user interface for IBM
computers.
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Components of a Computer
Main Memory
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
Control Unit
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Components of a Computer
Central Processing Unit (CPU) performs the actual processing or manipulation of
information stored in the memory.
Computer Memory stores information of all types: instructions, numbers, names, lists
and pictures.
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Components of a Computer
Secondary Storage provides additional data storage capacity on most
computers
Input and Output Devices enables computer users to communicate with the
computer
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Categories of Computers
The following are the categories of
computers
Microcomputer (personal computer)
Server
Minicomputer
Mainframe
Supercomputer
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Categories of Computers
Personal computers: Desktop computers for use at home and by
individuals.
Servers: Make programs and make data available for people who are linked to a
computer network. They are not used
directly.
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Categories of Computers
Minicomputers: Are multi-user systems. They are usually used in small
organizations by using remote terminals or
personal computers.
Mainframes: Large, multi-user systems used in large organizations. They can
handle large data processing jobs.
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Categories of Computers
Supercomputers: Ultra fast computers that are designed to process huge
amounts of scientific data.
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End
Lecture material/s from the resources
used by Prof. Ritchie Mae T. Gamot for
previous AMAT 150 batch.
Introduction to C programming materials
(books, etc.)
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Abacus
back
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Pascaline or Arithmetique
back
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Step Reckoner
back
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Analytical Engine
back
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ENIAC
Electronic
Numerical
Integrator
And
Computer
back
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Pascal Code
back
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C Code
back
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Macintosh
back
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Windows
next
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Windows
back