01. basics of computer hardware
TRANSCRIPT
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Basics Of Computer Hardware
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Components of a Computer System
Hardware Software Liveware
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Computer Hardware
System Unit Central Processing Unit (CPU)
also called “The Chip”, “Microprocessor” or simply “The Processor”
Main Memory (RAM) Storage Devices Input Devices Output Devices
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CPU (Central Processing Unit) CPU or microprocessor is often described as the
brain of a computer CPU is an integrated circuit or “chip” which processes
instructions and data. CPU speed or CPU performance is measured by the
completed Instruction Cycles Per Second (IPS). Currently, CPU speeds range from 600 megahertz (MHz or million cycles per second) to 4 gigahertz (GHz or billion cycles per second).
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CPU (Central Processing Unit) Processing performance of computers is
increased by using multi-core processors, which essentially is plugging two or more individual processors (called cores in this sense) into one integrated circuit. (Eg: Intel Core i5, AMD Phenom II X4, …)
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RAM (Main Memory)
RAM or Random Access Memory It is a volatile type of memory Holds instructions for processing data,
processed data, and raw data. Ram is measured by:
Capacity (in Megabytes or Gigabytes) Frequency (in MHz)
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Memory (RAM)
Amount of RAM installed will determine.Which software applications will run (efficiently)?How many software applications can be open simultaneously? (multitasking ability)
Types of RAM:SRAM (Static RAM)DRAM (Dynamic RAM)
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Storage Devices
Magnetic storage devices store data by magnetizing particles on a disk or tape.
Optical storage devices store data as light and dark spots on the disk surface.
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Storage Devices
Hard Disk Drives Capacity is measured in gigabytes
(GB or billions of bytes). Typically permanently installed. Used to store operating system,
application software, utilities and data.
Magnetic storage device.
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Storage Devices
Other Storage Devices : CD, DVD, BD… External Hard Drives USB Flash Drive (Pen drive or
Thumb drive)
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Input Devices Input devices gather and translate
data into a form the computer understands.
Primary input device: Keyboard - Most common input device; used to
type in commands and data. Mouse or Trackball enhances user’s ability to
input commands, manipulate text, images. Touchpad or Touchscreen Joystick useful for Gaming
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More Input Devices
Scanners
Webcams
Microphones
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Output Devices
Monitors are the most commonly used output device.
Most monitors use a bitmap (Raster) display. Allows user to resize the display. Divides the screen into a matrix of tiny square
“dots” called pixels. The more “dots” a screen can display, the
higher the resolution of the monitor. For example: CRT(Cathode Ray Tube), LCD (Liquid
Crystal Display)…
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Output Devices
Other output devices: Speakers Printers Projectors
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The End.
Thank You!