Hardware Basics: Peripherals

Miguel Rebollo

Introduction to Computer Science2009-2010

4626. Introd to Computer Science

Aims

• Know common input devices and their roles in getting different types of inform.

• Know output devices and the way htey make computers more useful

• Know the functionality of different types of storage devices

• Explain the ways the components of a computer fit together

4626. Introd to Computer Science

Outline

1. Input Devices

2. Output Devices

3. Storage Devices

4. Computer Systems: The Sum of Their Parts

4626. Introd to Computer Science

Input devices

• Most familiar input device

• They can be…

• QWERTY

• ergonomic

• wireless

Keyboard

half keyboard (web site)

frogpad (web site)

4626. Introd to Computer Science

Input devices

• Mouse (touchpad, pointing stick, trackball)

• Joystick

• Graphics tablet

• Touch screen

Pointing devices

4626. Introd to Computer Science

Input devices

• They read specific marks representing codes

• Examples:

• optical-mark, mag. ink, bar-code

• OCR (optical char. recognition)

• smart whiteboards

• QR codes

Reading tools

example of QR code in a poster

4626. Introd to Computer Science

Input devices

• Scanners (flatbed, slide, drum, sheet-fed)

• Digital camera: snapshots as digital images

• Video digitaliser card: capture video signals

• Videoconferencing devices

• Audio digitalisers and speech recog. systems

• Sensors: real world magnitudes

Digitalising the real world

4626. Introd to Computer Science

Output devices

• Connected through a video adapter

• VRAM: specialised memory for graphics

• Monitor

• technology: CRT or LCD

• size (inches): diagonal line across the screen

• resolution: No. of pixels displayed

• color depth: No. of different colours

Screen

How the image is formed?

4626. Introd to Computer Science

Output devices

• multifunction: printer + scanner

• plotter: large blueprints and maps (A0 sized)

Paper output

Impact Non-impact

line ink-jetlinelaser

dot-matrixlaser

dot-matrix sublimation

4626. Introd to Computer Science

Output devices

• Fax machines

• Sound: sound cards and synthesizers

• Controlling machines

• robot arms

• transportation devices

• automated factory equipment

4626. Introd to Computer Science

Storage devices (I/O)

• large capacity at low cost

• sequential access

• appropriate for backups

Magnetic

TS3400 tape library (IBM)Until 37 tB of space

Tapes

4626. Introd to Computer Science

Storage devices (I/O)

• Random data access

• non-removable: HARD DISK

• removable: floppy disks, REV disks

Magnetic

Discs

4626. Introd to Computer Science

Storage devices (I/O)

• uses laser beams to r/w bits on its surface

• cd-based media: CD-R, CD-RW

• dvd-based media

• DVD-RAM, only for data

• DVD-R, DVD+R, DVD-RW, DVD+RW

Optical

4626. Introd to Computer Science

Storage devices (I/O)

• also known as flash memory

• without moving parts

• from 16mB to 16 gB

• replacement of HD in laptops?

Solid state

4626. Introd to Computer Science

Computer Systems

• Tower systems

• Flat desktop systems

• All-in-one systems

• Portable computers

Typical personal computers

Entertainment

• Barebones

• Media center

4626. Introd to Computer Science

...the sum of its parts

• serial port: one bit at a time (modem)

• parallel port: bits in groups (printer)

• keyboard/mouse ports (PS/2)

Ports and slots

4626. Introd to Computer Science

...the sum of its parts

• video port to the monitor (VGA, DVI…)

• sound ports: microphone, speakers, headphones, MIDI

• LAN: Ethernet or wireless

External connections

4626. Introd to Computer Science

...the sum of its parts

• Hot plug-in

• USB 1.1 and 2.0(Universal Serial Bus)

• Firewire(IEEE 1394)

• PC has an Open Architecture

Easy expansion