Pro v. Euk Prokaryote

◦ No nucleus◦ Unicellular◦ Example: Bacteria

Eukaryote◦ Nucleus◦ Complex organelles◦ Uni or multicellular◦ Example: Us!

Cell Energy Responsible organelles

◦ Animal cell – mitochondria◦ Plant cell – chloroplast

It’s all about ATP◦ Make it or break it

Organelles Cell membrane –

controls what goes in and out

ER – tubes for transport Lysosome – digestive

enzymes Vacuole – temp. storage Mitochondria – energy! Golgi – repackage stuff Cytoplasm - fluid

Cell Cycle Growth and division of cells IPMAT

◦ Interphase – 80% of the time – DNA copies◦ Prophase◦ Metaphase◦ Anaphase◦ Telophase

 Process of cell division resulting in two identical cells (daughter cells) that are the same as the parent cell.  Body cells are made.

Mitosis

Process of cell division in which four "daughter" cells are produced from one "parent" cell, each with half of the genes of the parent.  Makes gametes or sex cells.

Meiosis

Meiosis Mitosis – somatic cells Meiosis – makes sex cells (sperm & egg)

◦ AKA gametes◦ Have a half-set of chromosomes (haploid)◦ 2 cell divisions◦ Makes 4 cells◦ Same phases IPMATPMAT

Mitosis v. Meiosis Mitosis

◦ 1 cell division◦ Daughter cells identical to parents cells◦ Produces 2 cells◦ 2n → 2n◦ Produces cells for growth and repair◦ No crossing over

Meiosis◦ 2 cell divisions◦ Daughter cells different from parents◦ Produces 4 cells◦ 2n → 1n◦ Produces gametes◦ Crossing over

Diffusion & Osmosis The movement of particles from high to low

concentration Osmosis = water only Cell membrane responsible

◦ Semi-permeable Want to achieve homeostasis