Must have a subject and a verbMust express a complete thoughtMust be able to STAND ALONE and

MAKE SENSE BY ITSELF!Example:

John washed his dog.▪ In this sentence, John is the subject and

washed is the verb.

• Must have a subject and a verb• Does not express a complete

thought• Cannot STAND ALONE and DOES

NOTMAKE SENSE BY ITSELF!• Example:– Because his dog was dirty• In this dependent clause, dog is the subject

and was is the verb.

• A subordinating conjunction marks the beginning of a dependent clause in a sentence.

• Subordinating conjunctions make dependent clauses depend on an independent clause to make sense.

• Example:– John washed his dog because his dog was dirty.• In this sentence, because is the subordinating

conjunction and the dependent clause is because his dog was dirty. The dependent clause in this sentence does not make sense without the independent clause John washed his dog.

After Although As As if As long as Because Before Even if Even though If Only if

Now that Than So that Though Till Unless Whenever Where Whereas Wherever While

• Which of these clauses is independent and which of these clauses is dependent?

– Mrs. Gant is my favorite language arts teacher

– Mr. Brooks is going to pass his evaluation

– Only if he can keep the class engaged

– Charles really wants the candy he was promised

– Wherever Marco goes

– If Simoli passes her spelling test

Have one independent clauseHave no dependent clausesMake a complete thoughtExample:

Omari borrowed Mrs. Gant’s pencil.▪ Does this sentence make a complete

thought?

• Have two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction (FANBOYS) or a semicolon (;)

• Have no dependent clauses• Make a complete thought• Example:– Dawson paid attention to Mr. Brooks, and

Anfernee understood compound sentence structure.• What are the independent clauses in this sentence?

Can each independent clause stand alone and make sense?

• Have one independent clause that can stand alone

• Have one dependent clause that cannot stand alone

• Make a complete thought• Example:– Winton passed his benchmark test because

he did not sleep during Mrs. Gant’s class.• Does this sentence have one independent clause

and one dependent clause? What is the subordinating conjunction in this sentence?

Have two independent clauses that can stand alone without the dependent clause

Have at least one dependent clauseExample:

Katachae saw Joann at the fair before she went home, and Joann waved at her.▪ What are the two independent clauses in this

sentence? What is the subordinating conjunction? What is the dependent clause?

Label each sentence as either simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex.

Max talks every second during class, but Amber tells him to be quiet.

Justin Beiber combs his hair once an hour.

Andrea wants candy because she is hungry, so she will label this sentence correctly.

The class is happy now that they are answering the last sentence.