Goal 11Goal 11Cold War, Civil Cold War, Civil Rights and Vietnam Rights and Vietnam

US History Review US History Review

Content: Containment of communismContent: Containment of communism the Truman Doctrine, asked Congress for $400 the Truman Doctrine, asked Congress for $400

million in military and economic assistance for million in military and economic assistance for Turkey and Greece. Turkey and Greece.

Marshall Plan US aid to European countries Marshall Plan US aid to European countries after WWIIafter WWII

Content: During the Content: During the Cold War of the 1950s Cold War of the 1950s and 1960s, threat of and 1960s, threat of possible nuclear possible nuclear attack by the Soviet attack by the Soviet Union inspired the Union inspired the creation creation Containment policyContainment policy

Nuclear offensive Nuclear offensive weapons grew weapons grew dramatically in dramatically in quality and quantity quality and quantity during the Cold War. during the Cold War.

Americans were Americans were routinely persecuted routinely persecuted because they were because they were suspected of being suspected of being insufficiently insufficiently patriotic in the patriotic in the struggle against struggle against Communism and, in Communism and, in particular, the particular, the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union. The persecution took persecution took various forms, from various forms, from imprisonment to the imprisonment to the purging and purging and blacklisting of untold blacklisting of untold thousands thousands

Content: Bay of Pigs Invasion Content: Bay of Pigs Invasion U.S. under estimates Cuba resistance forcesU.S. under estimates Cuba resistance forces In April 1961 anti- U.S. forces engaged in the In April 1961 anti- U.S. forces engaged in the

Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba, but Cuban forces Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba, but Cuban forces stop the United States attempt to unseat stop the United States attempt to unseat Castro's government. Castro's government.

The alliance for progress was to improve The alliance for progress was to improve relations with Latin America by strengthening relations with Latin America by strengthening democratic governments and promote social democratic governments and promote social and economic reforms in Latin America. The and economic reforms in Latin America. The program, which provided loans and aid from the program, which provided loans and aid from the U.S. and the international financial community, U.S. and the international financial community, built some schools and hospitals, but was built some schools and hospitals, but was ultimately viewed as a failure. ultimately viewed as a failure.

United NationsUnited Nations World Peace World Peace

keeping keeping organizationorganization

5 country 5 country member member security council security council

Western Europe and Western Europe and North America were North America were locked in a battle locked in a battle with a Soviet regime with a Soviet regime committed to committed to developing its developing its military might. The military might. The allies needed a allies needed a safety net to repel safety net to repel any form of any form of aggression and to aggression and to safeguard their safeguard their freedom. freedom.

Their solution was Their solution was the North Atlantic the North Atlantic Treaty Treaty

Content The “Space Content The “Space Race” began in 1957 Race” began in 1957 when the Soviet Union when the Soviet Union launched the first launched the first manmade satellite, manmade satellite, Sputnik. The American Sputnik. The American government and the government and the American people feared American people feared that control of space that control of space determine the winner in determine the winner in the cold war. The tension the cold war. The tension created by the cold war, created by the cold war, along with the perceived along with the perceived technology gap, led the technology gap, led the United States to pour United States to pour billions of dollars into the billions of dollars into the development of a space development of a space program (NASA). program (NASA).

U.S. families respond to the threat of a nuclear U.S. families respond to the threat of a nuclear war between the United States and the Soviet war between the United States and the Soviet Union as the Union as the cold war intensifiedcold war intensified

The purpose of a fallout shelter is to shield the The purpose of a fallout shelter is to shield the people inside from the harmful effects of people inside from the harmful effects of radiation

Cold WarCold War President Harry President Harry

Truman established Truman established the CIA during the the CIA during the Cold War to collect Cold War to collect Intelligence Intelligence information on information on Communist activities Communist activities Truman actions Truman actions proved useful during proved useful during the Cuban Missile the Cuban Missile Crisis Crisis

The only Cold War to The only Cold War to turn hot was the turn hot was the Korean warKorean war

The Korean War was The Korean War was not a war at all it was not a war at all it was a a US police actionUS police action to stop the spread of to stop the spread of communism in east communism in east Asia Asia

Creating a problem Creating a problem between Communist between Communist China and Capitalist China and Capitalist America at the America at the 38th 38th parallel dividing parallel dividing North Korea and North Korea and South Korea South Korea

North Vietnamese North Vietnamese torpedo boats in the Gulf torpedo boats in the Gulf of Tonkin were alleged to of Tonkin were alleged to have attacked without have attacked without provocation U.S. provocation U.S. destroyers that were destroyers that were reporting intelligence reporting intelligence information to South information to South Vietnam. President Vietnam. President Lyndon B. Johnson and Lyndon B. Johnson and his advisers decided his advisers decided upon immediate air upon immediate air attacks on North Vietnamattacks on North Vietnam

The incident gave The incident gave Johnson the ability to Johnson the ability to engage in military engage in military activity without a activity without a congressional declaration congressional declaration of war of war

President Lyndon President Lyndon Baines Johnson used Baines Johnson used the domino theory to the domino theory to justify early U.S. justify early U.S. involvement in involvement in Vietnam Vietnam

Asia is where the Asia is where the communist communist conspirators have conspirators have decided to make decided to make their play for global their play for global conquest. If we lose conquest. If we lose Vietnam, south east Vietnam, south east Asia will fall to the Asia will fall to the communist its communist its inevitable. LBJ inevitable. LBJ 

DétenteDétente the policy of the policy of general reduction in general reduction in the tension between the tension between the the Soviet Union and and the the United States and and a thawing of the a thawing of the Cold War that that occurred throughout occurred throughout the 1960sthe 1960s

Vietnam War inflamed Cold War inflamed Cold War tensions between the tensions between the US and China. US and China.

Content: Doves for Content: Doves for PeacePeace - Hawks for - Hawks for WarWar The The War Powers ResolutionWar Powers Resolution -limits the power -limits the power

of the President of the United States to wage of the President of the United States to wage war without the approval of the Congress.war without the approval of the Congress.

Vietnam conflict otherwise known as the living Vietnam conflict otherwise known as the living room war (television) was a police action room war (television) was a police action

The Vietnam War The Vietnam War provoked increasing provoked increasing opposition in America’ opposition in America’ largely was responsible largely was responsible for diverting funds from for diverting funds from President Lyndon Baines President Lyndon Baines Johnson Great Society Johnson Great Society Program, which Program, which manifested in manifested in demonstrations against demonstrations against the Vietnam War at the Vietnam War at Universities like Kent Universities like Kent State in which casualties State in which casualties incurred and students incurred and students were arrested for were arrested for protesting against the protesting against the Vietnam War. Vietnam War.

LBJ does not seek LBJ does not seek reelection in 1968 due to reelection in 1968 due to Vietnam war and its’ Vietnam war and its’ distractions to his Great distractions to his Great Society ProgramsSociety Programs

Counterculture refers to Counterculture refers to the social revolutionthe social revolution that swept America in the that swept America in the 1960’s protesting war, 1960’s protesting war, the civil rights problems, the civil rights problems, and poverty, otherwise and poverty, otherwise known as the known as the hippy hippy movement.movement. (Because (Because young people wore their young people wore their hair long in protest of old hair long in protest of old values)values)

The Vietnam war led to The Vietnam war led to the counter culture of the the counter culture of the 1960’s Young Americans 1960’s Young Americans referred to as hippies referred to as hippies opposed the bombing of opposed the bombing of Cambodia, and the US Cambodia, and the US police Action in called the police Action in called the Vietnam war. Vietnam war.

SALT I, the first series of SALT I, the first series of Strategic Arms Limitation Strategic Arms Limitation Talks, extended from Talks, extended from November 1969 to May November 1969 to May 1972. During that period 1972. During that period the United States and the the United States and the Soviet Union negotiated Soviet Union negotiated the first agreements to the first agreements to place limits and restraints place limits and restraints on some of their central on some of their central and most important and most important armaments. In a Treaty on armaments. In a Treaty on the Limitation of Anti-the Limitation of Anti-Ballistic Missile SystemsBallistic Missile Systems

Content Opposition to the Vietnam WarContent Opposition to the Vietnam War The Tet Offensive was The Tet Offensive was the turning point in Vietnam War. The US the turning point in Vietnam War. The US

public had been told that America was winning the war. public had been told that America was winning the war. However, when the However, when the VC attackedVC attacked most of South cities and towns most of South cities and towns Americans began protesting the Vietnam war until its end.Americans began protesting the Vietnam war until its end.

Ho Chi Minh the leader of the Communist North pledged to Ho Chi Minh the leader of the Communist North pledged to American forces that the Vietnamese would fight to the last men American forces that the Vietnamese would fight to the last men despite the many causalities' suffered by the Vietnamese despite the many causalities' suffered by the Vietnamese soldiers. soldiers.