divyanka u. dhanurkar 084051010 vaibhav v. gaikwad 084050113 dipali c. dhole 084051011
TRANSCRIPT
KNITTING TECHNOLOGY
DIVYANKA U. DHANURKAR 084051010 VAIBHAV V. GAIKWAD 084050113 DIPALI C. DHOLE 084051011
INTRODUCTION Knitting is a process of
manufacturing a fabric by the intermeshing of loops of yarns.
The two main forms of knitting technology are
Warp knitting Weft knitting
KNITTING TERMINOLOGIES COURSES: Rows of loops across the
width of the fabric produced by adjacent needles during the same knitting cycle. (measured in courses/cm).
WALES: Vertical column of needle loops. Determines the width of the fabric (measured in Wales/cm).
STITCH DENSITY: Represents the total number of needle loops in a given area.
STITCH LENGTH: is the length of yarn in knitted loop.
GENERAL LOOP FORMATION OF WEFT NEEDLE
New yarn is taken
Previous loop formed goes below the latch
Needle goes to a maximum height
The hook pulls the new yarn & loop is formed
LOOP FORMATION OF WARP KNITTING MACHINE
Start of new course Start of overlap Guide bar swinging
motion Return swing after
overlap Old loop closing
latch Knock over &
underlap movements
BASIC WEFT KNITTED STRUCTURES
Simplest & most widely used weft knit structure
Fabric unroved from end
Fabric tends to curl at the edges
Production rate is high
RIB KNIT STRUCTURE
It is reversible structure
It gives a balanced structure
Fabric does not curl Maximum
extensibility in widthwise direction
Rib structure can not unroved
PURL KNIT STRUCTURE
Consists of reverse & face courses
Very little commercial & apparel end use
Extensibility in length wise direction
Fabric does not curl Suitable for socks &
sportswear
INTERLOCK FABRIC
It gives a reversible appearance
Fabric is firm It does not curl at
edges Production rate is
reduced to half Structure is thicker,
stronger & less elastic
Cost of fabric is high
COMPARISON OF WEFT & WARP KNITTING
Weft knitting Warp knitting
Yarn are fed course wise direction Yarns are fed wale wise direction
Yarn supply is usually in the form of a cone or cheese
Yarn is in one long beam or small warp beams
Staple fibre & continuous filament yarns used
Filament yarns can be successfully worked
Usually latch needles are used Latch, beard or compound needles are used
Only one class of goods can be knitted
Variety of goods can be knitted
Extensibility in widthwise & lengthwise direction
It stretch in widthwise direction
FACTORS AFFECTING ON DIMENSIONAL PROPERTIES
Fabric structure Fibres type Stitch length Relaxation Yarn linear density
COMPARISON BETWEEN WOVEN, KNITTING AND NON-WOVEN
WOVEN KNITTING NON-WOVENIs the process in which two sets of yarns or threads are interlaced together to form a fabric or cloth.
Fabrics are created by looped yarns.
Is a material made from long fibers, bonded together by chemical, mechanical, heat or solvent treatment.
WOVEN KNITTING NON-WOVEN
The threads are always straight and perpendicular to each other
The yarn follows a course, or a path, forming well-proportioned loops over and under the yarn’s path.
The fibres are parallel bonded together.
Made of two sets of individual strands.
Made of one continuous thread.
No thread or yarn required as it is made directly from fibres.
Has the ability to be more versatile in its construction.
Is tougher and better able to withstand wear
WOVEN KNITTING NON-WOVEN
Have fast colors and are more durable than knitted fabrics that shrink easily.
Preferred for comfort and wrinkle resistance
Used for technical purpose.
Two types of threads run in different directions, with the warp threads running lengthwise, and the weft threads running crosswise or has a horizontal direction.
It consists of stitches, or loops of the material consecutively run together.
Fibre laps are placed over other.
Include satin, twill, plain weave.
Include jersey, Berber, mesh, toweling, felt and fleece
No weave requires.
WOVEN KNITTING NON-WOVENFabrics feel less soft than knit fabric
Fabrics are smooth, flexible and move with the body
Feel is good, soft.
Less stretch and does not shrink.
It is stretch and shrinks.
Does not stretches.
Has high strength
Has less strength
Has lack of strength.
Has less elasticity
Has more elasticity.
Has no elasticity.
Products have more flow and much thinner.
Products are more elastic and bulkier
Products are thicker, thinner and bulkier.
Involves a bigger and heavier piece of equipment the loom.
Requires smaller materials, like knitting needles.
Also involves a bigger and heavier piece of equipment the machine.
WOVEN KNITTING NON-WOVENe.g. suiting, shirting, sari, dhoti, bed sheets etc.
e.g. t-shirts, socks, bandages, sweaters, jersey and terrycloth etc.
e.g. filters, felts, blankets, interlings, disposable material, geo-textile, cement bags, coating cloth etc.
APPLICATIONS OF KNITTED FABRIC
Geotextiles Coverings Safety textile Industrial textile Medical textile Composites sportswear Nets
MARKETS FOR TECHNICAL TEXTILES
The world produces over 17 tons of knitted textiles and apparel - representing one third of the global textile market.
Moreover, output is forecast to grow by 25% over the next ten years, reaching more than 21 tons.
COST OF FABRICFabrics Cost(US$)
100% polyster grey towel cloth knit fabrics for track suits.
US $1-5 / Kilogram
Sportswear/ shoes polyester knit mesh fabric.
US $0.1-2.9 / Meter
100%polyster knitting fabric for sportswear.
US $9.5-10 / Kilogram
Flame Resistant Knitted Fabric for Safety Clothing.
US $12.5-16 / Kilogram
Knitted mattress fabric. US $1.99-3 / Meter