Cold War1945-1989

STRUGGLE BETWEEN DEMOCRACY AND COMMUNISM

What was the Cold War?

Conflict between the communists and democratic nations

Communists were led by the Soviet Union

Democratic nations led by the United States

Source: http://www.funfront.net/hist/europe/coldwar.htm

Brussels Treaty

Signed March 17th, 1948 Signed by Belgium,

France, Luxemburg, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom

Established the Western Union Support in economic,

social, and cultural matters

Source: http://www.ena.lu/signing-brussels-treaty-brussels-17-march-1948-020704497.html

Signing of the Treaty of Brussels

National Atlantic Treaty Organization

April 4, 1949 12 Nations joined

United States, Canada, Iceland, Denmark, Norway, Portugal, Italy, Britain, France, Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxemburg

Members of the organization all agreed that Russian Communism would become a threat to the democratic world

Result: European countries came together under American control.

Source: http://www.funfront.net/hist/europe/coldwar.htm#The North Atlantic Treaty Organization

Causes of the Cold War

Ideological United States- rights to form political parties, right of assembly,

of speech, and of the press Soviet Union- No right to form political parties, right of speech,

assembly, and press No compromise between them because the governments were

different Economical

United States- free trade worldwide Soviet Union- no interaction with other countries in the trading

industry Russia was afraid that if they traded with the west, they would’ve

became weaker as a country because of western ways of life

Source: http://www.funfront.net/hist/europe/coldwar.htm#CAUSES OF THE COLD WAR

Causes of the Cold War (cont.)

Power Opposition Power was mostly shared between the U.S. and Soviet

Union after WWII Each country wanted to take over one another This caused the two countries to battle

Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan

Source: http://www.funfront.net/hist/europe/coldwar.htm#CAUSES OF THE COLD WAR

Truman Doctrine

Address presented by President Harry S. Truman Asked for $400 million in

military and economic support from Turkey and Greece

March 12, 1947 "It must be the policy of the

United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures."

- President Harry Truman

http://www.classbrain.com/artteenst/publish/article_112.shtml

President Harry S. Truman signing a document.

Marshall Plan (ERP)

Three months after the Truman Doctrine was signed

Also known as the European Recovery Program(ERP)

George C. Marshall came up with the idea of offering American financial aid for European economic recovery

President Truman signed the first bill for $5,300,000,000

On December 31st of 1951, the European Recovery Program ended and had spent about $12,500,000,000

http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAmarshallP.htm

Conflicts during the Cold War

Conflicts

Bay of Pigs Invasion

Cuban Missile Crisis

Korean War

Vietnam War

Bay of Pigs Invasion

April 17, 1961 Led by and paid for by the

United States for Cuban exiles April 15th, three U.S. planes

flown by Cubans bombed Cuban air bases

Planned by U.S. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)

Happened because Dwight D. Eisenhower broke ties with Cuba

Against a dictator named Fidel Castro in Cuba.

It was unsuccessfulhttp://library.thinkquest.org/11046/days/bay_of_pigs.html

Cuban Missile Crisis

October 1962 The Soviet Union was building

secret missile bases in Cuba President John F. Kennedy sent

a blockade to Cuba to prevent any Russian ship bring more missiles, weapons, etc.

Soviet Union wanted to feel more powerful than the United States

Finally after a month, Russian Premier Nikita S, Khrushchev agreed to withdraw all Soviet bombs and missiles

http://www.hpol.org/jfk/cuban/

Vietnam War 1957

Vietnam is split into two sections, Communist and non-Communist

Ngo Dinh Diem South Vietnam leader Became a disgrace and was unpopular

Diem continues to recruit more and more troops as years went on

May 1963 Buddhist Population rebels against

Diem because they thought he was getting in the way of their religious practices

United States joined S. Vietnam after an attack against the U.S. destroyers, Maddox and C. Turner Joy, off the coast of N. Vietnam

The war continued to grow until S. Vietnam surrenders to North Vietnam in 1975http://library.thinkquest.org/22059/conflict/

U.S. Destroyer Maddox

U.S. Destroyer C. Turner Joy

Korean War 1945

The U.S. and Soviet Union agreed to split up Korea into two sections, North and South

1950 Tension began to build because

of the efforts put into reuniting the country failed

June 25, North Koreans invaded South Korea, and South Korea(occupied by United States) responded within a few hours

1951 Peace talks began. On and off.

http://library.thinkquest.org/22059/conflict/

THE END!