بسم الله الرحمن الرحيمبسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

Computer NetworksComputer Networks

Prepared by: abeer alamassiPrepared by: abeer alamassiSubmitted to : Miss-Yasmin Al-boboSubmitted to : Miss-Yasmin Al-bobo

CONTENTSCONTENTS: :

. .11 - -Definition of NetworkDefinition of Network2-The benefits of 2-The benefits of computer computer ..networksnetworks..3-Computer Network 3-Computer Network ComponentsComponents

. .--Types of networksTypes of networks44

The definition of the networkThe definition of the network

♦♦Network is a collection of Network is a collection of computers linked with computers linked with each other. In order to use each other. In order to use network resources.network resources.And the network consists And the network consists of two computers at leastof two computers at least..

33

The benefits of computer The benefits of computer networksnetworks

11  -  -Participate in the sourcesParticipate in the sources . .

22 - -Transfer information quickly and Transfer information quickly and efficientlyefficiently

33--Central control in the information, Central control in the information, files and programsfiles and programs..

..44--Internet ServicesInternet Services

44

Network componentsNetwork components

: : 11--ComputersComputers pc- server- pocketpc- server- pocket: : 22--Network devicesNetwork devices

Hub-Router-switch-Hub-Router-switch-Network interface cardNetwork interface card

33--MediaMedia: : Wire –wirelessWire –wireless..

55--protocolsprotocols

55

11--ServerServer

Your computer is Your computer is running the running the network.network.Provides services to Provides services to all devices on the all devices on the network, such as:network, such as: File Storage File StorageUser ManagementUser ManagementInsuranceInsuranceSystem System AdministrationAdministration

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22--Work StationsWork Stations

Is one of the Is one of the computers on the computers on the network.network.Programs that are Programs that are running the station running the station either:either:The WindowsThe WindowsMacintoshMacintosh

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33--Network Interface CardNetwork Interface Card

Is a means of Is a means of connecting your connecting your computer to the computer to the network.network.It is either a It is either a separate card for separate card for the device.the device.Or installed on M.BOr installed on M.BAnd there are many And there are many different types of different types of calling cardscalling cards

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44--CablesCables Wire is used to connect the server Wire is used to connect the server

with the workstations.with the workstations.   Types of cables   Types of cables1 - coaxial cable1 - coaxial cable

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Skip types of cableSkip types of cable22 - - double the scheduled cable (UTP) double the scheduled cable (UTP)

and (STP)and (STP)(8 party)(8 party)

UUnshielded nshielded TTwisted wisted PPairair

1010

Skip types of cableSkip types of cable

33- - Fiber-optic cables (optical)Fiber-optic cables (optical)Running at very highRunning at very highExpensiveExpensive

1111

Optical fiber

The covering of glass

Kevlar fibers

External protective

cover

Factors that depend on it use Factors that depend on it use the cablethe cable

11--The speed of transmission or data The speed of transmission or data transmission rate.transmission rate.2 - Maximum length of the cable 2 - Maximum length of the cable without the use of amplification of without the use of amplification of the wave.the wave.3 - Prevention and how stress.3 - Prevention and how stress.4 - Cable price4 - Cable price..

1212

Types of networksTypes of networks

Terms of number of usersTerms of number of users1 - a limited network of long-LAN1 - a limited network of long-LAN(Local Area Network)(Local Area Network)These include a maximum of one These include a maximum of one building or a single room.building or a single room.

2 - The large-scale WAN2 - The large-scale WAN(Wide Area Network)(Wide Area Network)They include a group of buildings or They include a group of buildings or group of States or the globe connected group of States or the globe connected to each otherto each other

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Types of networks in terms of Types of networks in terms of connection methodsconnection methods

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3- Star Network

) Star Topology(

1 - linear network

(Bus Topology)

2 -Ring network

)Ring Topology(

First: (Bus Topology)First: (Bus Topology)

Plug this way, the pace Plug this way, the pace of connection and is of connection and is the simplestthe simplest . .

Way installation:-Way installation:-1 - multiple 1 - multiple computers.computers.2 - cable runs through 2 - cable runs through all the major all the major appliances and is appliances and is divided into several divided into several branches to connect branches to connect with the networkwith the network

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The disadvantage of this The disadvantage of this methodmethod

If a malfunction occurs to the main cable If a malfunction occurs to the main cable leads to failure the entire network.leads to failure the entire network. On each machine waiting his turn to  On each machine waiting his turn to send data, otherwise you will not collide.send data, otherwise you will not collide.The greater the number of devices a The greater the number of devices a long waiting time and increased the slow long waiting time and increased the slow network.network.In the case of a device malfunction place In the case of a device malfunction place the data in the cable and cause network the data in the cable and cause network failurefailure..

1616

Second: the network ringSecond: the network ring

**Is linked to apparatus in Is linked to apparatus in the form of a loop or the form of a loop or circle without endcircle without end..

**Transmitted information, Transmitted information, as in the delivery paceas in the delivery pace..

**Characteristics of data Characteristics of data traffic in two directionstraffic in two directions..

**Each computer is a Each computer is a duplicate of the signalduplicate of the signal

and strengthens themand strengthens them..

* * Disadvantages:Disadvantages:Event of an interruption Event of an interruption in one of the devices in one of the devices stop the entire networkstop the entire network..

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Third: the star networkThird: the star network

**Are connected to each of the Are connected to each of the devices on the network devices on the network device called a device called device called a device called a Hub or Switcha Hub or Switch* All devices to achieve a * All devices to achieve a single point.single point.* If any device cut wire * If any device cut wire linked the network not be linked the network not be affected the.affected the.* Its disadvantage:* Its disadvantage:If a malfunction occurs in If a malfunction occurs in the Hub network depends the Hub network depends entirely on the workentirely on the work..

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Using of star networkUsing of star network

used in small companies and used in small companies and laboratories, schools and houseslaboratories, schools and houses.... ....

Type of HubType of Hub

**Passive HubPassive Hub

Collect data and re-transmitted without Collect data and re-transmitted without EnlargementEnlargement..

**Active HubActive Hub

..Collect data and re-sent with the Collect data and re-sent with the enlargedenlarged

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Expansion of the star networkExpansion of the star network We can expand the star network by using We can expand the star network by using another hub That connects to the basic another hub That connects to the basic hubhub..

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HintHint.….…

It should be noted that it can use a mixture It should be noted that it can use a mixture of connecting methods as the figureof connecting methods as the figure

2121

Ring

linearStar

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class.Be sure to

practice your new skills. 2222