citizenship: refer to your citizenship handout! definition of citizenship a member of a nation or...
TRANSCRIPT
WEEK 1 AND 2 REVIEW Citizenship:
Refer to your Citizenship HANDOUT!Definition of Citizenship
a member of a nation or country with full rights and responsibilities under the law.
Three Ways to become a Citizen Born Parents born Naturalization
What two countries are also considered part of the U.S.? Guam and Puerto Rico
Aliens = Non citizens Immigrants = Aliens that plan on moving here
permanently Legal Immigration Act 1990 – gave special
consideration and priority to immigrants with special job skills but specifically to relatives of U.S. citizens.
4 steps of Naturalization 1. Declaration of Intent 2. Apply 3. Take the test 4. Oath of Allegiance
Before you apply you have to: Must be 18 years old or older Have lived in the U.S. for 5 years – OR – serve in
the military for 1 year Need to study basic English, history and civics.
RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES & CIVIC VIRTUE Rights – things you are ALLOWED to do Responsibilities – thing you are EXPECTED to do
Personal – pertain to yourself with little of no government implications Speech, Religion, Obey the laws
Political – usually have some government related repercussion Petition, vote, Jury duty
Civic Virtue – a moral habit; helps maintain order and peace in those times that the government is giving you freedom Self-Restraint Civic Knowledge Self-Assertion Self-Reliance
WHAT YOU NEEDED TO KNOW FOR QUIZ 1! - REVIEW Citizenship Means? Situations that still make you a US Citizen Naturalization Aliens v. Immigrants Legal Immigration Revision Act How can you lose your Citizenship? “My right to swing” ends when? Limited Government Civic Virtue: Why is it important? What are
the categories? Levels of Citizenship
WEEK 3 & 4 REVIEW Bill of Rights – the first 10 amendments in the
U.S. Constitution; grants citizens rights. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
ANSWERS:
1. Freedom of Speech, Religion, Petition, Assembly and Press
2. Right to bear arms 3. No quartering troops 4. Freedom from UNREASONABLE search and seizure;
Privacy 5. Rights of the accused
no double jeopardy Cannot be compelled to be a witness against himself No private property can be taken without
compensation 6. Right to a Speedy Trial 7. Right to a Jury Trial – any controversy over $20 8. No Cruel and Unusual Punishments or excessive bail 9. Unenumerated rights 10. Rights reserved to the States
FROM THE TEST YOU HAD! Cruel and unusual…. Or is it!? A judge sentences a person to death for
committing a murder. A state law does not allow the judge to consider any special or individual circumstances when deciding whether to give the prisoner the death penalty. Is the state law cruel and unusual? Why or why not?
If the person getting accused is 17, is it cruel and unusual for him to get tried like an adult and be given the death penalty? Use information from the PowerPoint presentation we did in class to justify your answer.
Compelled or not…? A drug addict is arrested for robbery and murder. After being in police custody for several hours, he begins to have severe withdrawal symptoms. The police call a doctor who gives him the necessary medication. Nobody knows that this particular medication has the effect of a “truth serum” on the prisoner. The police proceed with the questioning process and within a short time, the prisoner confesses to the crime. Was the prisoner compelled to be a witness against himself? Why or
why not?
What amendment to this situation address?
ANSWERS
Cruel and unusual…. Or is it!? A judge sentences a person to death for committing a murder. A state law does not allow the judge to consider any special or individual circumstances when deciding whether to give the prisoner the death penalty. Is the state law cruel and unusual? Why or why not?
YES IT IS CRUEL! Especially when the punishment at stake is so high, judges need to consider special, and possibly psychological, circumstances that might have affected the crime.
If the person getting accused is 17, is it cruel and unusual for him to get tried like an adult and be given the death penalty? Use information from the PowerPoint presentation we did in class to justify your answer.
YES IT IS CRUEL! Even though he is almost an adult, he is still underage and the proper punishment should be fit for a minor. Teenagers are less disciplined and more vulnerable to peer pressure than adults.
Compelled or not…? A drug addict is arrested for robbery and murder. After being in police custody for several hours, he begins to have severe withdrawal symptoms. The police call a doctor who gives him the necessary medication. Nobody knows that this particular medication has the effect of a “truth serum” on the prisoner. The police proceed with the questioning process and within a short time, the prisoner confesses to the crime. Was the prisoner compelled to be a witness against himself? Why or
why not?
YES HE WAS COMPELLED! He was compelled by the medicine even though it was unintentional, he could not practice his free will!
What amendment to this situation address? 5 – Rights of the Accused
Other important amendments you need to know!
13. 14. 15.
19.
26.
ANSWERS - Other important amendments you need to know!
13. Abolished Slavery 14. Equal Protection Under the Law and
Citizenship – all persons born in the U.S. or Naturalized
15. Right to Vote (Suffrage) Regardless of Race or Color
19. Right to Vote (Suffrage) for Women – regardless of gender
26. Established the voting age to be 18 years old – “Old enough to fight, old enough to vote”
VOCAB FOR TEST 1 - REVIEWThis is a list of the Vocabulary you were tested on in your first test! Make sure you have them in your vocabulary section!
Citizenship – to be a member of a nation or country and to have full rights and responsibilities under the law
Naturalization – the process that allows immigrants to become citizens
Allegiance – loyalty to a person, country, or belief Bill of Rights – first 10 amendments in the Constitution, added
in 1791 Amendment – formal change to the Constitution Aliens – Non citizens Immigrants – come with the intention to stay Legal Immigration Act – Passed in 1990; increased number of
immigrants allowed in the United States with special consideration for job skills, or potential for investment. Also, gave priority to family members of US citizens.
Rights – things that you are allowed to do because of nature or because of law
Responsibilities - The expectation that you will take care of certain things or perform duties
Limited government – government leaves people when it comes to certain things such as personal matters
Civic virtue – refers to the moral habits that are required for the common good of the community particularly within a limited government
Common good – general good of the people Patriotism – devotion and pride for ones country Civic Knowledge – knowledge of the rules and limitations set by
the Constitution and the government Self-restraint – Self control Self-assertion – standing up for your rights Self-reliance – not depending on others for your basic needs. Bear – to hold or carry Quarter – to house Seizure – to take Compensation – usually monies awarded in exchange for
something Impartial – takes no sides; fair Unenumerated – not explicitly stated Abolished – ending or getting rid of Suffrage – right to vote
WEEK 5 REVIEW – OUR ENGLISH HERITAGE
From the 1600s – English traditions of limited and representative government Monarchy – King or Queen
Relatives and noble families had power and were given land in exchange for loyalty, taxes, etc.
Magna Carta – 1215 King John treated nobles harshly Rebelled and forced king to sign the Magna Carta protecting their privileges and
authority Granted certain rights such as equal treatment under the law and trial by one’s peers
(WHAT AMENDMENTS DOES THAT SOUND LIKE?) First form of limiting government
Parliament – England’s law making body – legislature Common law – no written laws, judges determining right from wrong would look at
precedents – ruling in earlier cases 1600-1700s England established colonies in America.
Colony-group of people in one place who are ruled by a parent country elsewhere Set up through Charter- written document granting land and authority to set up
colonial governments First permanent settlement was Jamestown in Virginia in 1607
Colonists chose 2 representatives and 22 of the governors council – House of burgesses. Little power but FIRST form of self governance.
1620 – Pilgrims arrived in Plymouth in Massachusetts Came in the Mayflower so their compact (Agreement among the people to govern) was
called the Mayflower Compact – 1620 Set up a direct democracy
1733- all of the13 colonies established
BIRTH OF A DEMOCRATIC NATION 1760 – King George III took the throne and established a system
called mercantilism (selling more than you buy) to try to make as much money from the colonies as possible using the colonies as a source for cheap and raw materials.
“No taxation without representation” – Colonists were upset because they had no representatives in English Parliament Led to a boycott – refuse to buy English products.
Stamp Act: Tax on legal documents Tea Act – made tea from Britain the cheapest – British East India
Company Colonists blocked the ships from the colonial ports, dressed as
Native Americans and dumped 342 chests of tea into the ocean = BOSTON TEA PARTY
English response = Intolerable Acts AKA Coercive Acts restricting colonists rights and allowing soldiers to search and move into colonists homes
1774 – FIRST CONTINENTAL CONGRESS Colonists sent 12 delegates (Representatives) to Philadelphia to
discuss their concerns. They wanted to establish a sort of government in America to stand up to Britain
Sent a document complaining to King George III and demanding to get their rights back
King George III responded violently
May 1775 – SECOND CONTINENTAL CONGRESS Some people didn’t think Colonists could win a battle against Britain.
Debated long for the best option. During this time Thomas Paine came out with the “Common Sense” Pamphlet where he argued breaking from England was common sense.
Second Continental Congress = First form of Government in the Colonies
Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of independence saying the English Crown was not looking out for the colonists’ best interests. In it they say the purpose of government is to protect the rights of the people and that they had the right to overthrow the government for not doing so. Influenced by John Locke’s “Second Treatise of Government” - It said
that a good government is based on a social contract where people agree to give up some of their rights to establish a government and they can overthrow it if it misuses its power.
WEEK 6 REVIEW Confederation: group of individuals united together for a purpose Articles of Confederation Good
States kept power and independence = sovereign No government telling states what to do Congress can create military to protect the states
Bad No way to enforce laws States could ignore laws No power to colleCould only be changed with consent from ALL
states ct taxes to pay government funded occupations
Limited government? NO! absolutely no government, every man for
himself mentality Branches of government? No branches but clearly needed some Citizens rights? No, not defined in Articles All or nothing? Not effective method for altering Articles
The Virginia Plan: Established our 3 branches of government two houses and each state would be represented based on
populations. The New Jersey Plan:
One house with equal representation The Great Compromise/Connecticut Compromise
2 Houses: the Senate and the House of Representative The Senate would have 2 members per state which meant all
states had an equal representation The House of Representatives would represent their states based
on population.
The Three-Fifths Compromise: every 5 ensalved persons would count as 3 free persons. This way, slaves would count toward the population total to
gain more representation in the House for the southern states.
CREATING AND RATIFYING THE CONSTITUTION
Constitution was drafted to implement a Federalisma form of government in which power is
divided between the federal, or national, government and the states.
Federalists: supported the document Anti-federalists: felt it gave too much
power to the national government; wanted a bill of rights.The promise of a bill of rights turned the
tide and Anti-federalists agreed to the proposed Constitution
Needed 9/13 states approval – In 1788, New Hampshire was the 9th State
QUIZ 2 - REVIEW Limited government? Magna Carta? Federalism? Anti-Federalists? Colonies: First and second settlements? Intolerable acts? “Common Sense” First and Second Continental Congress? Virginia Plan? New Jersey Plan? Connecticut Compromise? 3/5 Compromise? “No taxation without representation”
WEEK 7 - REVIEW Article I: Legislative Branch
Composed of the Senate and House Requirements:
House of Reps: Senate:2 year terms 6 year terms25 years old 30 years old7 years citizens 9 years citizens
All bills regarding money start in the House of Representatives Legislative Powers = taxing, Naturalization, Money related bills, Postal Service
Article II: Executive Branch
Composed of the President, VP and Cabinet Members Requirements:
Serve 4 year terms Must be 35 years old Natural Born Citizen Live in US for 14 years
Elected by the Electoral College NOT directly In charge of the Military and Cabinet Can be removed through impeachment for treason, bribery, misdemeanors, or
high crimes.
Article III: Judicial BranchComposed of the Supreme CourtFederal Judges are appointed by the
PresidentServes as the referee between the branches
and can overturn laws it deems unconstitutional.
Article IV: Relations between the StatesState problems should be addressed by the
state governmentsStates must treat citizens of other states as
if they were citizens of that state.Explains how new states are accepted into
the U.S.
Article V: Amendment ProcessExplains how to amend the
Constitution.
Article VI: National Supremacy“Supreme Law of the Land”The laws in the Constitution are above
all government; everyone must follow it
Article VII: RatificationApproval of the ConstitutionExplains Constitution will be in effect
after 9 out of the 13 States ratify it.
VOCAB FOR TEST 2!
Citizenship Naturalization Bill of Rights Limited government Civic knowledge Unenumerated Suffrage Amendment Appropriations Boycott Cabinet Colony Confederation Direct democracy Representative democracy Duty Federalism
Immigrant Impeachment Indictment Judicial review Legislature Mercantilism Parliament Preamble President pro-
tempore Ratify/ratification Resolution Revenue Separation of powers Tribunal Treason veto
This vocabulary should be a review of the whole year! Study them because I will chose words from this list for your test!