byzantines, russians, and turks interact 500-1500
TRANSCRIPT
The New Rome Empire was divided in
395 In 527, Justinian took
over the Easto Sought to make the West
great againo Took Rome back from the
Germanic tribes (changed hands 6 times in 16 years)
Even though they took back Italy, the East had become the “New Rome”
Justinian Code One of Justinian’s first acts will
be to update the laws of the Byzantine Empireo Used a panel of experts to
compile the 4 parts Final product had 4 parts
o Code – 5000 Roman laws that were carried over
o Digest – Summarized the opinions of top thinkers about laws
o Institutes – law textbook for how to use the law
o Novellae – the new laws The new code would provide a
model for international law
Empress Theodora Worked her way up
from poverty to marry Justinian in 525
Extremely influentialo Met with foreign
leaderso Helped write laws that
greatly improved the status of women
After her death, Justinian never passed another major law
Changing the Capital Justinian sought to
rebuild Constantinople
Focused on Church buildingo Hagia Sophia was his
greatest achievement Most significantly,
Byzantine culture preserved Greco-Roman culture because of their interest in learning/arts
Byzantine Culture The Byzantine Empire
embraced Greco-Roman cultureo They will preserve
traditions, language, religion, and literature
The art from the Byzantine Empire will focus on religion
As a result, the East will keep Christianity alive when the West couldn’t
The East Falls Justinian’s death
triggered the slow collapse of the Empireo Bubonic plague was
killing 10,000/day Location put them under
constant attackso Used diplomacy to try to
keep the empire together After centuries of
struggling to stay alive, Constantinople fell in 1453
Division of the Church The cultural differences
between East/West also affected religion
Arguments over things like whether icons could be used led to the East/West religious leaders excommunicating each other in 1054o Orthodox in the Byzantine
Empire (the East)– led by emperor
o Catholic in the Roman Empire (West) – led by the pope
Warm-up #7.1 (11.1)1. ______ ____, created by the
Byzantine Empire, became a model for international law.
2. Christianity survived when the Roman Empire collapsed because of what new empire?
3. In 1054, the Roman pope and Byzantine patriarch __________ each other over the issue of _______.
4. Empress ________ will be extremely influential during Justinian’s rule for her contribution to female equality.
1. Justinian’s Code
2. Byzantine3. Excommunicat
ed; icons
4. Theodora
Russia’s Birth Because of the crossroads
of trade networks, the Slavs in Northern Europe embraced Greek Byzantine cultureo This will affect their religion,
language, and architecture Originally went from the
Urals to the Baltic and south to the Black Sea
Originally inhabited by tribes who spoke the same language but were not united
Growth Originally the Slavs were
controlled by the Vikings Eventually, Kiev became
the capital because it offered quick access to trade routeso Trade linked northern
Europe with the Byzantine Empire
Vladimir will be responsible for converting Russia to Christianity (Eastern Orthodox)
Kiev’s Power Kiev will be the center
of growth for Russia Vladimir initially
expands to Poland 1019 – Yaroslav the
Wise takes Kiev to greater heightso diplomacy and
marriages to achieve peace and power
o Legal Code to make trading more secure (like Justinian)
Fall of Kiev Started with the death
of Yaroslav in 1054 Crucial error
o Divided the realm among his sons• Sons go to war with
each other
In addition, the Crusades disrupted trade
Just when things couldn’t get worse…
Mongol Invasions 1200s, Mongols, led by
Genghis Khan, left Asia for Europeo Savage brutality
At their peak, they controlled China, Mongolia, and Russia all the way to the Baltic Sea
1240, Genghis’ grandson demolished Kievo “No eye remained to
weep”
Mongol Rule over Russia
200 years of Mongol control over Russia became known as the “Khanate of the Golden Horde”
Left Russian customs (religion) alone as long as:o Absolute obedienceo Pay tribute
Result of Mongol control: isolation from the West
Russian Revolution The Russian
princes gathered respect and power from the Mongol controllers slowly but steadily
Ivan I moved the capital to Moscow where they slowly grew in wealth and power
An Empire Begins Ivan III will introduce the
Russian Empire Took power and
immediately challenged Mongol controlo Named himself Czar
(Russian Caesar)o Refused to pay tributeo Raised an army to fight
Mongols Both armies will square
off but refuse to fight and return homeo Russia counts this as their
moment of liberation
And now… Review Vocabulary Terms (Chapt
er 11) Take Chapter 11 Vocabulary Quiz Finish Chapter 11 Worksheet
o You will need the book to get some of the details (starts on page 307)