by: mandy olson, brian mccandless and manuel stoeckl december 2011, pre-ap world history
TRANSCRIPT
By: Mandy Olson, Brian McCandless and
Manuel StoecklDecember 2011, Pre-
AP World History
Who: Confucius (Kong Fu Zi)
When: 6th–5th century B.C.E.
Where: Northwest China
Philosophy, not religion
Natural order to society
Teaches moral conduct, relationships, loyalty
5 Principles
◦ Benevolence
◦ Righteousness
◦ Propriety
◦ Wisdom
◦ Trust
5 Relationships
◦ Ruler to subject
◦ Father to son
◦ Husband to wife
◦ Older to younger
brother
◦ Friend to friend
Filial Piety◦ One should respect
elders Jen
◦ Demonstrate human kindness
Li◦ Proper etiquette and
perfect virtue
5
Confucius/ Kong Fu Zi (551- 479 BCE)◦ Main founder ◦ Advised rulers◦ Gathered followers and taught in Lu
Mencius (372 – 289 BCE)◦ Spread ideas ◦ Interpreted Confucius’s
teachings◦ Added that all humans share innate goodness
The Four Books◦ Analects
Dialogue between Confucius and followers
◦ Doctrine of Mean Elaborates on central ideas
◦ Great Learning Teaches virtue and goodness
◦ Book of Mencius Dialogue between Mencius and
followers
The Five Classics
◦ Book of Songs Poems and songs
◦ The Classic of History Documents and speeches
◦ The Classic of Rites Description of ceremonies
◦ The Book of Changes Divination system
◦ The Spring and Autumn Annals Historical record of Lu
8
No specific symbol
source of life in Chinese philosophy
harmony in life and relationships
yin-yang: balance between opposing
forces
No specific practices ◦ Filled by
practices of other religions
Considered social rules to be rituals◦ Common courtesies, accepted standards of
behavior
Subordinate to men
Uncomplaining obedience to husband
Not allowed to remarry
Have to follow others
Main rule is to produce a son
Eastern philosophy
Impacted East Asia: Japan, Korea, Vietnam
6 million practice Confucianism alone
350 million practice Confucianism along
with another religion
Shapes the political and personal life of East Asia
Social standard for Chinese Society
Provides personal morals
Scholars provided advice to Emperors
14
551 B.C.E.
~Confucius is born
522 B.C.E.
~Starts his own school
484 B.C.E.~Confucius
begins focusing on
his teachings
479 B.C.E. ~Confucius
dies
15
372 - 289 B.C.E.
~Mencius is born and
spreads ideas
221 - 206 B.C.E.
~Destruction of
philosophy
206 - 220 B.C.E~Civil Service Examination
includes Confucianism
500 C.E.~Introduced
to Japan
Bulliet, Richard W., et al. The Earth and Its Peoples. 4th ed. N.p.: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2008. Print.
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“Confucianism.” ReligionFacts. N.p., 2010. Web. 7 Dec. 2011. <http://www.religionfacts.com/ a-z-religion-index/ confucianism.htm>.
“Confucianism.” TravelChinaGuide.com. N.p., 2011. Web. 7 Dec. 2011. <http://www.travelchinaguide.com/ intro/ religion/ confucianism/>.
“The Four Books and Five Classics.” Cultural China. N.p., 2010. Web. 7 Dec. 2011. <http://history.cultural-china.com/ en/ 173History4610.html>.
Oxtoby, Willard G. World Religions, Eastern Traditions. N.p.: n.p., n.d. Print. Robinson, B. A. “Confucianism.” Religious Tolerance. N.p., 2009. Web. 7 Dec. 2011.
<http://www.religioustolerance.org/ confuciu.htm>. “Timeline of Confucianism in China, Korea, and Japan.” Timeline Events Handout.
N.p., n.d. Web. 7 Dec. 2011. <http://www.mitchellteachers.net/ confucius/ timeline/ TimelineEventsHandout.pdf>.
Sen, Suchismita. "Confucian Ideas." World Religions. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 Dec. 2011. <http://worldreligions.psu.edu/world_religions12.htm>.
The Great Learning. N.p., 2009. Web. 7 Dec. 2011. <http://classics.mit.edu/ Confucius/learning.html>.
"The Four Books and The Five Classics." China Info Online. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 Dec. 2011.