brakman, garretsen, and van marrewijk, 2008 figure 10.1 regular adjustment dynamics
TRANSCRIPT
Brakman, Garretsen, and van Marrewijk, 2008
Figure 10.1 Regular adjustment dynamics
a. 2-region base scenario
0.97
1
1.03
0 1
lambda 1
w1
/w2
A
D
CB
E
0.3
Brakman, Garretsen, and van Marrewijk, 2008
Figure 10.1 Regular adjustment dynamics
b. Share of manufacturing workers in 1; eta = 2
0
0.5
1
0 50 100 150 200
Reallocation
Brakman, Garretsen, and van Marrewijk, 2008
Figure 10.1 Regular adjustment dynamics
c. Number of reallocations towards spreading
0
50
100
150
200
250
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
eta
Brakman, Garretsen, and van Marrewijk, 2008
Figure 10.2 Special adjustment dynamics(along vertical axis, ; horizontal axis, number of reallocations)
a. eta = 200; cycles
0
0.5
1
0 500 1000
b. eta = 200; cycles, detail
0
0.5
1
100 130
Brakman, Garretsen, and van Marrewijk, 2008
Figure 10.2 Special adjustment dynamics(along vertical axis, ; horizontal axis, number of reallocations)
c. eta = 332; converge to unstable equilibrium
0
0.5
1
1 5 9 13
Brakman, Garretsen, and van Marrewijk, 2008
Figure 10.2 Special adjustment dynamics(along vertical axis, ; horizontal axis, number of reallocations)
d. eta = 335; agglomerate in 1
0
0.5
1
1 5 9 13
e. eta = 340; agglomerate in 2
0
0.5
1
1 3 5 7
Brakman, Garretsen, and van Marrewijk, 2008
Figure 10.3 Histogram of per capita income, selected years
a. His togram of ln(incom e per capita)
0
5
10
15
20
25
5.7 6.6 7.5 8.4 9.3 10.2 11.1ln(income per capita)
num
ber
of c
ount
ries
1950
QatarKuw ait
Guinea Bissau
b. His togram of ln(incom e per capita)
0
5
10
15
20
25
5.7 6.6 7.5 8.4 9.3 10.2 11.1ln(income per capita)
num
ber
of c
ount
ries
1968
Qatar
Malaw iBurundi
ChadGuinea
Brakman, Garretsen, and van Marrewijk, 2008
Figure 10.3 Histogram of per capita income, selected years
c. His togram of ln(incom e per capita)
0
5
10
15
20
25
5.7 6.6 7.5 8.4 9.3 10.2 11.1ln(income per capita)
num
ber
of c
ount
ries
1986
USA
TanzaniaChad
Guinea
d. His togram of ln(incom e per capita)
0
5
10
15
20
25
5.7 6.6 7.5 8.4 9.3 10.2 11.1ln(income per capita)
num
ber
of c
ount
ries
2003
USAZaire
Brakman, Garretsen, and van Marrewijk, 2008
Figure 10.4 Regional convergence in the EU, speed of convergence estimates
Regional convergence in the EU
0
0.01
0.02
0.03
1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995
midyear of estimate period
estim
ated
spe
ed o
f co
nver
genc
e
BS1991
BS1995
A1995a
A1995b
EC1997
BP1999
fit
Brakman, Garretsen, and van Marrewijk, 2008
Figure 10.5 Regional income inequality in the EU: Lorenz curves
EU regional income inequality; Lorenzcurves 1995 and 2004
0
1
0 1cumulative share of population
cum
ulat
ive
shar
e of
inco
me
19952004
diagonal
Brakman, Garretsen, and van Marrewijk, 2008
Figure 10.6 Regional income inequality in the EU: Theil index and Gini coefficient
EU regional income inequality: Theil index and Gini coefficient
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
0.08
0.12
0.16
0.20
0.24
Theil within countries (left hand scale)
Theil between countries (left hand scale)
Gini coefficient (right hand scale)
Brakman, Garretsen, and van Marrewijk, 2008
Figure 10.7 Leaders and laggards in the world economy, 1-2003
10001 1500 1600 18001700 200019000
100
200
300
500
400
income per capita (% of world average)
year
Italy
IraqIran
Netherlands
UK
Australia
USA
Switzerland
IndiaChina
oAfricaW Offshoots
New Zealand
AustraliaMany Many
Italy
10001 1500 1600 18001700 200019000
100
200
300
500
400
10001 1500 1600 18001700 200019000
100
200
300
500
400
1 1500 1600 18001700 200019000
100
200
300
500
400
income per capita (% of world average)
year
Italy
IraqIran
Netherlands
UK
Australia
USA
Switzerland
IndiaChina
oAfricaW Offshoots
New Zealand
AustraliaMany Many
Italy
Brakman, Garretsen, and van Marrewijk, 2008
Figure 10.8 Distribution of manufacturing and Herfindahl index
Herfindahl index for 2 regions
0
1
0 1
share in region 1
Brakman, Garretsen, and van Marrewijk, 2008
Figure 10.9 Evolution of agglomeration, the Herfindahl index
Herfindahl index
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0 200 400 600 800
reallocation
Brakman, Garretsen, and van Marrewijk, 2008
Figure 10.10 Several phases of the reallocation process
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
T=2.2 T=2.1a
b T=2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Brakman, Garretsen, and van Marrewijk, 2008
Figure 10.10 Several phases of the reallocation process
c T=1.9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
d T=1.7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Brakman, Garretsen, and van Marrewijk, 2008
Figure 10.10 Several phases of the reallocation process
e T=1.5
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
T=1.2 T=1.1f
Brakman, Garretsen, and van Marrewijk, 2008
Figure 10.11 Dynamics of regional size; regions 3, 6, and 9
Evolution of share of manufacturing
0
0,1
0,2
0,3
0,4
0,5
0 200 400 600 800
reallocation
36
9
Brakman, Garretsen, and van Marrewijk, 2008
Figure 10.12 Stability in the Baldwin-Forslid economic growth model
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.80 1
1.5 1.26 1.14 1.06 1
Freenessof trade
Knowledgespillovers
Implied T
1
Agglomeration stable; spreading unstable
Agglomeration stable; spreading stable
Agglomeration unstable; spreading stable
Brakman, Garretsen, and van Marrewijk, 2008
Figure 10.13 Scatterplot of own and neighboring institutions
Rule of Law and neighbours
-2.5
2.5
-2.5 2.5
Rule of Law
Nei
ghbo
ur's
Rul
e of
Law
diagonal
linear prediction
Philippines
Hong Kong
Chile
Kuwait
Yemen
Iraq