An approved method for: Citing sources is required in all schools Approved method for formatting

research Used in numerous research-based

industries (psychology, medicine etc.) Point allocation Repetition

Leads to learning Reinforces rules

Uniformity

“All students are expected to conform to the accepted standards of academic honesty. Any clear violations of these standards, such as cheating, violating copyright laws, or plagiarism are handled promptly, firmly, privately, and fairly by the Professor” (Student Handbook, 2006).

Title page Text/Body References

SHORTENED VERSION OF TITLE1

Title of PaperWriter’s Name

Colorado Technical University Online

All information, ideas, statistics, etc included in your writing from outside sources needs to be correctly documented by using both in-text citations and references to identify the source.

Included in the text/body of the paper Include the author’s last name and the date of

publication/copyright enclosed in parenthesis—(Brown, 2009).

Sources with multiple authors—include the last names of all authors (Brown, Jones, & Smith, 2009).

Sources with no author listed—include the first 3-4 words of the title and the date (Danley, 2008, p. 18).

Sources with no date listed—include the abbreviation n.d. in place of the date (Smith, n.d.)

Personal communications such as personal interview are only identified through in-text citations. No reference is included for a personal communication.

An in-text citation for a personal communication follows this format

(Newberg, E., personal communication, March 17, 2009)

Included in a Reference list/page at the end of the paper

Arranged in alphabetical order Double-spaced Formatted as a “hanging indent”—the

first line of each reference is even with the left margin and the second and following lines are indented 5 spaces

Book with two authors Author’s Last Name, First and Second Initial,

& Author’s Last Name, First and Second Initial. (Year of Publication). Title of Book

(Volume/Edition number). Place of Publication: Publisher.

  Greenfield, S. B., & Calder, D. G. (1986). A

new critical history of Old English literature. New York: New York University

Press.

Non periodical Web document, Web page, or report.

Author’s Last Name, First and Second Initial or Name Corporate Author. (Date of Publication). Title of document. Retrieved from http://Web address

 Capital Community College. (2007, February)

A guide for writing research papers based on the styles recommended by the American Psychological Association. Retrieved from http://www.ccc.commnet.edu /apa/

Article from an online magazine.Author’s Last Name, First and Second Initial.

(Year, Month Day). Title of article. Title of Magazine, Volume(issue) if known. Retrieved from http://Web address

 Crumley, Bruce. (2009, October 12) Should

students be paid to do well in school? Time. Retrieved from http://www.time.com/time/world/ article/0,8599,1929454,00.html

 Live chat session.Instructor/author last name, first initial. (Date).

[Title/type of posting (chat)]. Retrieved from online location, course number and section, course title: http://Web address

 Danley, L. (January 9, 2009). Chat posting.

Retrieved from Colorado Technical University Online, Virtual Campus, APA Style Lab: https://campus. ctuonline.edu

ReferencesAnderson, L. (2009, October 19). Re: Writing is an

important skill [Discussion board post]. Retrieved from Colorado Technical University Online, Virtual Campus, The Writing Center: https://campus. ctuonline.edu

Capital Community College. (2007, February) A guide for writing research papers based on the styles recommended by the American Psychological Association. Retrieved from http://www.ccc.commnet.edu /apa/

Crumley, Bruce. (2009, October 12) Should students be paid to do well in school? Time. Retrieved from http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1929454,00.html

The APA resources in the Writing Center The APA resources in the Library The Publication Manual for the

American Psychological Association, 6th Edition

The APA resources on the Purdue OWL