All living things are made of cells. Cells are the basic unit of structure

and function in living things. New cells are produced from existing

cells.

Anton van Leeuwenhoek Dutch Businessman 1600’s Invented first powerful microscope

(300X) Examined pond water Saw “little animals”

Simple Microscope-1 lens. Ex. Magnifying lens

Compound Light Microscope- uses light and many lenses to view small objects. Ex. *Our Lab*

1.) Body Tube- tube of mirrors connecting objective lens and eyepiece2.) Revolving Nosepiece- moves lens into place3.) Low Power Objective- 4x or 10x; locates specimen4.) Medium Power Objective- 10x; locates specimen5.) High Power Objective- 40x; greater magnification

6.) Stage Clips- holds slides in place 7.)  Diaphragm- controls the amount of

light 8.) Illuminator/Light- 9.) Eyepiece (Ocular Lens)- piece you

look through, magnifies 10 times (10x)  10.) Arm- supports body tube  

11.) Stage- holds the slideStage Opening- circle where light passes

through 12.) Coarse Adjustment- used for FIRST

focusing, moves body tube 13.) Fine Adjustment- sharpens image,

final focusing 14.) Base- bottom

 Slide- holds the specimen (glass or plastic)Slide Cover- covers specimen so it doesn’t move Lens Paper- cleans lenses

One hand on arm, one hand on base, electric cord securely wrapped and looking forward.

Ocular Lens X Objective Lens =Total Magnification

10X X 4X = 40X 10X X 10X = 100X 10X X 40X = 400X

Put slide under stage clips. Focus using low power (4X). Coarse ->

Fine Switch to higher power (10X or 40X). *ONLY USE FINE ADJUSTMENT ON 40X

LENS!

Robert Hooke- English Physicist observed plant cells named the word “cell” (Jail cells)

Cell Membrane- ALL cells are surrounded by a thin flexible barrier.

Nucleus- Large membrane enclosed structure that contains genetic material in the form of DNA and controls many of the cells activities.

Enclose DNA in their nuclei

Cells that do not enclose DNA in their nuclei

Prokaryotic Eukaryotic

Simple Complex

Unicellular Mostly Multicellular

No Nucleus Nucleus

No Organelles Organelles

First Cells on Earth

Ex. Bacteria Ex. Plant & Animal Cells

Plant Cell Animal Cell

Eukaryotic Eukaryotic

Cell Wall Cell Membrane

Photosynthesis/Chlorophyll Obtain Energy/ Eat

Boxlike Shape Various Shapes