مذكرة لغة انجليزية للصف الاول الثانوى ترم اول 2017 - موقع...

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Famous Egyptians Unit 1 First Year sec First Term ر ه ظ مappearance ور ه ش مfamous=well known ح ن م ي/ ة ز ئ ا جaward ا ي ج و ل و ج م ل عاgeologist ف ص وdescription ا ي ج و ل و ج ل م ا علgeology ف ص يdescribe اء ض ف د رائastronaut اء ي م ي كchemistry م ل عاscientist ل ب و ن ة ز ئ ا جNobel Prize راح جsurgeon ى خ ي ار ئhistoric ة ي م ي ل ع ت دة رائeducationali st ح ي ار ي ل ا ط ئ ب ت ر مhistorical م ي ل ع تeducation ة ادويmedicines ة ق ي قء الد ا ي شلا م ا علnanoscience رف حت مprofessional رة ظ ا ئheadmistress هاوىamateur ر ظ ا ئheadmaster ا ي ج و ل و ن ك ئtechnology م ي د قrecent ة ي ت ا ي ل اa ن م ء ر جر صغ اfemto second ة وي ن ا ئ مدرسةhigh school ة ز ئ ا ى ج عل ز ئ جاlaureate ز ئر ق تreport ى ئ سا نfeminist س ال ف تthe same .1

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Page 1: مذكرة لغة انجليزية للصف الاول الثانوى ترم اول 2017 - موقع ملزمتي

Famous EgyptiansUnit 1

First Year sec First Term

famous=wellمشهورappearanceمظهرknown

geologistعالم جولوجياawardجائزة/ يمنحgeologyعلم الجولوجياdescriptionوصفastronautرائد فضاءdescribeيصفscientistعالمchemistryكيمياء

surgeonجراحNobel Prizeجائزة نوبلeducationaliرائدة تعليميةhistoricتاريخى

steducationتعليمhistoricalمرتبط بالتاريخ

nanoscienceعلم االشياء الدقيقةmedicinesادويةheadmistresناظرةprofessionalمحترف

sheadmasterناظرamateurهاوى

recentقديمtechnologyتكنولوجيا femtoاصغر جزء من الثانية

secondhigh schoolمدرسة ثانوية

حائز علىجائزة

laureateتقريرreport

….the sameنفس الــــfeministنسائىopportunitieفرصfemaleانثى

snearlyتقريباhealthصحة

مشاكلصحية

health problems

aboutحوالى

Westernالصحراء الغربيةinfluenceتأثير - يؤثرdesert

hardمجتهدworking

heavy rainمطر غزير

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First Year sec First Term

محبوب /مشهور

popularكميةquantity

collectيجمعaliveعلى قيد الحياة remoteاستشعار عن بعدnuclearنووى

sensing spaceعالم فضاءmillionthمليون واحد على

scientistdirectorمدير / مخرجbillionthبليون واحد على

expertخبيرceremonyاحتفالsatellitesأقمار صناعيةpointsنقاط undergroundمياه جوفيةinstituteمعهد

water spaceمشاريع فضاءfriendlyودود

projectsadviceنصيحة-Proمؤيد بادئة بمعنى

adviseينصحdemocracyديمقراطيةrocksصخورactivistناشط

soilتربةwinnerفائزlayerطبقةpeaceسالم

Paralympicللمعوقين دورة العابcivil rightsحقوق مدنية

disabilityإعاقةphysicsعلم الفيزياءchampionshiبطولةlegendaryأسطورى

pindependencاستقالل

echampionبطل رياضى

Weightرفع االثقالpresidentرئيسlifting

Expressions تعبيرات

make itيجعلة اسهل wasمنح2

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First Year sec First Term

awardedeasier receive aيتسلم جائزة

prizemuch betterافضل بكثير

at the age ofفى عمر / سنheavy rainمطر غزير يجرى عمليات

doجراحيةoperations

يعمل فى work on aمشروع

project

Examples:- A surgeon is a person who does operations.- He died at the age of ninety.= He died ……………………..- Dr Elbaz worked on the Apollo project.- Dr Zewail was awarded Noble Prize for chemistry.- A surgeon is a person who wdoes operations.

Prepositions حروف جر

thank…..forيشكر علىlose toيخسر منthanks toبفضلgrow upيكبر / يتربى

go onيذهب فى اجازةland onيهبط علىholiday

different forمختلف لـــnote downيدون differentمختلف عنexpert on \inخبير فى

fromfamous forمشهور بـــimportant forمهم لـــ

يعرف/succeed inينجح فىfind outيكتشف

Examples:- Thank you for your help.- Thanks to Dr El Baz we found underground water.- Dr Zewail was born and grew up in Egypt.- Life was different for women from 1886 to 1951.- Armestrong was the first man to land on the moon.- Al Ahly lost to Al Zamalikk 4-1.

- Adjectives صفات beautifulجميلpoliteمؤدب

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First Year sec First Term

braveشجاعstrongقوىcalmهادىءexcitingمثيرcheerfulمرحfriendlyودود

hardمجتهد / مجدworking

cleverماهر

helpfulخدومimportantمهمfitالئق بدنياfunnyمضحك

interestingشيقordinaryعادى

A good scientist\ player\ student should be…......., ………., …….……. and………...

Conjugation of verbspresent past p.p present past p.p

write يكتب wrote written influence

يؤثر فى influenced influencedwin يفوز won won lift يرفع lifted liftedfall يقع -

يسقطfell fallen take يأخذ took taken

feel يشعر felt felt talk يتحدث talked talked

Definitions 1- astronaut1- astronaut فضاء رائد

- Someone who travels and works in - Someone who travels and works in space. ( space man)space. ( space man)

2- geologist 2- geologist جيولوجى الصخور geologygeology )) عالم دراسة علم( والتربة

- Someone who studies the history of - Someone who studies the history of rocks and soil.\ the earth.rocks and soil.\ the earth.

3- headmistress 3- headmistress ناظرة (( headmasterheadmaster ناظر )4

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- A teacher who is a woman and the - A teacher who is a woman and the leader of a school.leader of a school.

4- famous4- famous مشهور ( well-known( well-known معروف- notoriousnotorious مشهور سيئة (بسمعة

- Known about by a lot of people. - Known about by a lot of people.

5- useful5- useful مفيد - Something that makes it easier to do - Something that makes it easier to do something.something.

6- medicine 6- medicine - دواء طب

- The treatment and study of illness and - The treatment and study of illness and injuries.injuries.

7- surgeon7- surgeon جراح ( surgery ( surgery جراحة- surgically - surgically جراحيا)

- A person who does operations at - A person who does operations at hospitals.hospitals.

8- soil8- soil الزراعية التربة - The layer on the earth in which plants - The layer on the earth in which plants grow well.grow well.

9- space9- space الفضـاء - The area\ place outside the earth, where- The area\ place outside the earth, where stars are.stars are.

10- underground 10- underground (adj.)(adj.) – جوفى األرض the the ) تحتundergroundunderground األنفاق مترو = subway)= subway) - Under the surface of the - Under the surface of the earth.earth.

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First Year sec First Term

11- education11- education تعليم - It is the process of learning that you - It is the process of learning that you get at school or university.get at school or university.

12- Expert 12- Expert خبيـر - Someone who knows a lot about a- Someone who knows a lot about a subject or is, very good at something.subject or is, very good at something.

Collocations give – gave – given يعطى ( give advice= advise, give medicine, give hands to = help, give lectures) Ex: My father advised me to study hard. ( give )

…………………………………………………………….

Ex: We should always help the poor. ( give )

………………………………………………………………. play – played – played / يعزف يلعب ( football, volleyball, chess, tennis , the piano, music, the guitar, ….etc.) score – scored – scored / يحرز يسجل ( a goal, points ) take – took – taken / يلتقط يأخذ ( take medicine , take photos, take part in, take rest ) Ex: Students should participate\ share in school activities. ( take )

………………………………………………………………………………………

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First Year sec First Term

Language Notes

Ex: Nabawiya Musa was the first Egyptian woman to go to high school.

Ex: A pen is used to write\ for writing.

discover- discovered- discovered يكتشف شىء كان موجودا من قبل Ex: Dr Zewail discovered the femto second.

invent- invented- invented يخترع شىء لم يكن موجودا من قبل Ex: John Bird invented the television.

explore- explored- explored يسكتشف شىء لم يصل اليه احد من قبل Ex: Scientists want to explore the Universe.

Loser + lose to + winner من + Winner + beat = يخسرLoser يهزم Ex: Italy lost to Brazil 2-1. (beat)

……………………………………………………………….

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* S + be + the first … to + inf. فالن هو اول من فعل

* S + is\are + used to + inf. يستخدم لـــ * S + is \ are + used for + V-ing يستخدم

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First Year sec First Term

Nabawiya Musa : ( early 20th century feminist / educationalist )Nabawiya Musa is famous because she was the first Egyptian

woman to go to high school. When she became older she helped other women to succeed in education and work. In 1908, she wrote a book about girls’ education. Later she became the headmistress of Al-Mohammadia school for girls’.

Dr Mostafa El-Sayed : ( scientist )

Dr Mostafa El-Sayed is one of the most famous scientists in the world. He is a scientist and nanoscience researcher. He often writes in science magazines. His son is an important surgeon and he wants to use his father’s work to help people. Dr Mostafa El-Sayed studies the smallest parts of things. Surgeons don’t usually see such small things, so his work can be very useful in medicine.

-

Thank you Dr Farouk El-Baz

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Listening

Reading

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First Year sec First Term

It only rains every 20-50 years in the Western Desert.

However, two million years ago, very heavy rain fell there

and a huge quantity of water collected under the desert sand. Today, we need this water and the person we have to thank for finding it is one of Egypt's most famous men, Dr Farouk El-Baz.

Remote sensing

Dr Farouk El-Baz, who is a space scientist and a geologist, is the Director of Remote Sensing at Boston University in the USA. He is the world's greatest expert in remote sensing: the use of satellites to find water under deserts. Underground water was found in the Western Desert and in Sinai thanks to photographs which he took from satellites.

Space projects

From 1967 to 1973, Dr El-Baz, worked on the American Apollo space project, which landed men on the moon. He gave advice on where the astronauts should land, and told them how to collect rocks and soil on the moon. Dr EI-Baz was born in Zagazig in 1938 and was educated at Ain Shams University.

Women’s education and health Not many girls went to school in Egypt in the early twentieth century. Now it is very different. There are nearly as many girls in secondary education as boys, and many girls study at university too. About 20 % of people who work in Egypt are women. Women’s health is also much better today. A recent report says that fewer children and mothers have health problems than they did 100 years ago. In 1960, most women lived until they were about 47. Today, most women live to be older than 75.

Dr. Ahmed Zewail

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Ahmed Zewail was born in 1946 in Egypt where he grew up. He went to Alexandria University. He finished his studies in the United States In 1974.After this; Dr Zewail worked at the University of California. In 1976 he became a professor at the California Institute of Technology. In 1997, at the age of 52, DrZewail won the Benjamin Franklin Prize because he discovered the femto second, which is one millionth of one billionth of a second. Many scientists, students and important people came to the ceremony and saw Dr Zewail receive his prize. Two years later, Dr Zewail got the Nobel Prize for Chemistry.

Other world Famous people Zeinab Oteify:

A paralympic champion at weight lifting.

She showed us we can do a lot of things even with a disability.

Samira Musa: She was a famous nuclear scientists.

Albert Einstein:

He won Nobel Prize in physics 1921.

Umm Kulthum:

She was a legendary Egyptian singer.

Marie Curie:

She won Nobel Prize in physics in 1903

She won Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1911.

Mahatma Gandhi:

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He was the leader of the Indian independence movement.

Nelson Mandela:

He won Nobel Peace Prize in 1993.

He was former president of South Africa.

Words for translation كلمات للترجمة

youthشبابprideفخرencourageيشجعfieldsمجاالتcreativityإبداعtalentsمواهبthinkersمفكرينtalentedموهوب

honourيكرم/ شرفnationsأممstateدولةgovernmentحكومة

1- Why is Nabawiya Musa famous ? » Because she was the first Egyptian woman to go to high school.

2- What did Nabawiya Musa do when she became older? » She helped other women to succeed in education and work.3- What did Nabawiya Musa do in 1908? » She wrote a book about girls’ education.4- What did Nabawiya Musa work after writing a book? » She became the headmistress of Al-Mohammadia school for girls’.5- Nabawiya Musa played an important part in education. Explain.

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Reading Questions

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First Year sec First Term

» When she became older she helped other women to succeed in education and work. In 1908, she wrote a book about girls’ education.6- Nabawiya Musa lived from 1886 to 1951. What do you think was different for women at that time? » Women couldn’t go to school to have a good education.

7- What is the job of Dr Mostafa El-Sayed ? » He is one of the most famous scientists in the world.8- What does ‘nano’ in nanoscience mean ? » It means very small things.9- Where does Dr Mostafa El-Sayed write? » He often writes in science magazines.10- What’s Dr. Mostafa’s son’s job? » He is a surgeon.11- What does Dr. Mostafa’s son want? » He wants to use his father’s work to help people.12- How can Dr. Mostafa’s work be helpful to surgeons? » Dr Mostafa studies the smallest things which surgeons don’t usually see.

13- What is remote sensing? » It is the use of satellites to find water under deserts.14- Who is Dr Farouk El- Baz? » He is the world's greatest expert in remote sensing.15- What did he do to become famous? » He used satellites to find water under deserts.16- What should Egyptians thank Dr el- Baz for?

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» They should thank him for finding the underground water in the Western Desert.17- What advice did he give astronauts when he

worked on the American Apollo space project? » He advised them where they should land and told them how to collect rocks and soil on the moon.

18- Did girls usually go to school in Egypt in the early 20th century?

» Not many girls went to school in Egypt in the early 20th century.19- How many of the people who work in Egypt are

women?» About 20% of people who work in Egypt are women.

20- What is much better than it was 100 years ago? » Women’s health is much better today than it was 100 years ago.21- How much longer do women live today than they

did in 1960?» In 1960, most women lived until they were 47. Today, most women live to be older than 75.

22- How is life different for girls today than it was for your grandmother when she was young?» Today girls have better education and enjoy a better health.

23- Why do you think women’s health is better today than 100 years ago?» Because of the advances in medical treatment.

24- “Boys and girls are all born the same, so we should all have the same opportunities.” Do you agree? Why? Why not?» Yes, I agree because women are equal to men.

25- When and Where was Ahmed Zewail born ? » In 1946, in Egypt.26- Where did he study ? Where did he finish his

studies ?13

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» He studied in Alexandria University. He finished his studies in the United States.27- When and where did he became a professor ? » In 1976 at the California Institute of Technology.28- When and why did he win the Benjamin Franklin

Prize ? » In 1997, at the age of 52. Because he discovered the femto second.29- What is the femto second ? » It is one millionth of one billionth of a second.30- What did Dr Zewail get the Nobel Prize for ? » He got the Nobel Prize for Chemistry.

31- How can scientists like Dr El-Baz change lives of people?

» They can help people to find water, oil and metals under deserts. Water will change the deserts into green land. Oil and metals are important for industry. 30- What qualities can make such great scientists like Dr El-Baz ? » A successful scientist must be hard-working, intelligent, clever, careful and knowledgeable. 31- Can these qualities make sports stars like Zeinab Oteify, as well? » Yes. A sports star must be hard working, clever, intelligent, patient, careful and train hard every day.32- What can great scientists and sports stars give back to their countries? » First, their countries are proud of them. They set examples to young people. And they can help their countries each in his field.

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Creative Questions

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33- Should all successful people give something back to society? » Yes. Because they grow up, educated and became successful with the help of the society.34- Why do you like Zeinab Oteify? How has she influenced you? » She showed me we can do a lot of things even with a disability.35- What do you know about Zeinab Oteify? » She is a famous Egyptian paralympic champion at weight lifting.

Formation التكوين I , we , you , they , الجمع inf مصدر He , she , it , المفرد verb + s / es

- I play foot ball. – The boys go to school.

- We get up early. - Hala eats fish.

Notice مع المفرد esفإننا نضيف له )o – sh – ch – x – ss ( إذا انتهى الفعل بـ

wash ------ washes go -------- goes مع المفرد es قبل إضافة i يسبقها حرف ساكن تحول إلى Yإذا انتهى الفعل ب

Carry ---------- carries study ---------- studies

فقط مع المفرد s فإننا نضيف (a – e – i – o – u ) يسبقها حرف متحرك Yأما إذا انتهى الفعل بـ

Stay ---------- stays buy ------------- buys play--------------plays

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The present Simple Tense زمن المضارع البسيط

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Usage االستخدام 1- Habit يعبر المضارع البسيط عن عادة أو حدث متكرر

Ex: Wael drinks tea in the morning.

Ex: I go to the cinema twice a month.

2- Stated fact حقيقة ثابتة

Ex: The sun rises in the east.

Ex: Water boils at 100 c 3- A fact that lasts for a long time حقيقة ثابتة لفترة طويلة

Ex: Hani lives in Assiut .

Ex: I hate dogs .

Questions األسئلة Question word + do / does + subject + Inf …… ?

does / doوفى اإلجابة ال تستخدم

Ex: Where does Ali go in the morning ? - He goes to school .

Ex: What do you play ? - I play football .

No أو Yes وهى بمعنى " هل " تجاب بـ Does / Doوبالطبع األسئلة التى تبدأ بـ

Ex: Does Hassan like football

- Yes, he does. – No, he does not.

Negative form صيغة النفىSubject + don't / doesn't + inf

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First Year sec First Term

Ex: She plays tennis She doesn't play tennis

Ex: I go to the theatre I don't go to the theatre

للنفىneverالحظ أننا يمكن أن نستخدم

Ex: Ahmed doesn't study English = Ahmed never studies English

Key words

Never أبدا Usually عادة Always دائماOften غالبا Rarely نادرا Sometimes أحيانا

seldom نادرا Frequently غالبا Occasionally من حينآلخر

وتأتى هذه الكلمات قبل الفعل األساسى للجملة

Ex: He usually visits his uncle.

Ex: She always smiles.

" فتأتى الكلمات السابقةverb To Beأما إذا كان الفعل األساسى " بعده

Ex: He is always happy .

وهناك عبارات أخرى تأتى مع المضارع البسيط مثل

Every كل ----------- every day / week ……….

Once مرة twice مرتين three times ثالث مرات a day– a week

وتأتى هذه العبارات فى بداية أو نهاية الجملة

Passive Voice صيغة المبنى للمجهول

لتحويل جملة فى المضارع البسيط إلى المبنى للمجهول

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Subject + second form of the

First Year sec First Term

Object + am / is / are + p.p.

He cleans the room every day. ( The ) - The room is cleaned every day .

She doesn't water the plants. ( The ) - The plants aren't watered .

Structures to describe a present habit فى العادة على تدل تعبيرات المضارع

subject + always \ usually + present verb It is + name's / ضمير ملكية + habit to + Inf subject + am / is / are + in the habit of + v – ing- subject + am / is / are + used to + v – ing

1- She usually drinks tea .

2- It is her habit to drink tea .

3- She is in the habit of drinking tea .

4- She is used to drinking tea.

Formation التكوين

- I played chess yesterday .

- The pharaohs built the pyramids thousands years ago.

Usage االستخدام Past actions يعبر عن حدث تم وانتهى فى الماضى - The boys broke the window .

describe actions in a story لوصف أحداث فى قصة - The thief opened the door, went inside and took the money….

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The Past Simple Tense زمن الماضى البسيط

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past habit لوصف عادة كانت تتم فى الماضى - In the past, people travelled on camels.

وهنا نستطيع أن نستخدم التركيب التالى لنعبر عن عادة فى الماضىأيضا

s + used to + Inf

- In the past , people used to travel on camels .

S + used to + Inf. = S + no longer + verb = S. + don’t \ doesn’t + Inf. + any longer\ any more …

Ahmed used to smoke. = Ahmed no longer smokes.= He doesn’t smoke any longer.

Questions األسئلة Question word + did + subject +Inf مصدر ……. ?

ونستخدم التصريف الثانى للفعل didوفى اإلجابة ال نستخدم

- Where did Ali go yesterday ? - He went to the cinema .

No أو Yes وهو بمعنى هل يجاب بـ Didوبالطبع السؤال البادئ بـ Did you visit London ? - Yes , I did No , I didn't

Negative form صيغة النفىHe went abroad X He didn't go abroad .

Key words

Last …. In the past الماضى فى yesterday أمس Formerly سابقا once ذات مرة Once upon the time ذات مرة in 1995 period of time+ ago from…..to…….

Passive voice

Object + was / were + p.p.

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Hassan broke the vase . ( The ) - The vase was broken by Hassan .

Dalia didn't close the window . ( wasn't ) - The window wasn't closed .

Notice When did…....? = How long ago did……..?

When did you arrive ? = How long ago did you arrive ?

Structures to describe a past habit فى العادة على تدل تعبيرات الماضى

Subject + past verb Subject + used to + Inf. It was + name's / ضمير ملكية + habit to + Inf. Subject + was / were + in the habit of + v-ing 1- Ali walked a mile every day in the past .

2- Ali used to walk a mile every day in the past .

3- It was Ali's habit to walk a mile every day …….

4- Ali was in the habit of walking a mile …….

Rewrite1- Ali gets up at dawn . ( It ) …………………………………………………………………………….2- Noha doesn't do the shopping . ( never ) ……………………………………………………………………….……..3- Aliaa is in the habit of watching TV in the evening . ( usually ) ……………………………………………………………………………….

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4- I met Ali last month . ( ago ) ………………………………………………………………………………5- He drank milk when he was young . ( drink ) ………………………………………………………………………….….6- She used to smoke . ( no longer ) (any longer) ……………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………..7- Rami finished his education at the age of twenty-three. ( when ) ………………………………………………………………………………8- Mona is used to wearing jeans. ( habit ) ………………………………………………………………………….……9- When did you finish your homework? ( How…….?) …………………………………………………………………………………10- He is lazy all the time. ( always ) …………………………………………………………………………………..11- He never comes late. ( is ) ……………………………………………………………………………………12- Egypt beat Brazil 4-1. ( lost to ) ……………………………………………………………………………………..

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1) Finish the following dialogue :Salma and Fatma are talking about Naguib Mahfouz .

Salma : What are you reading ?

Fatma : It's a very nice novel .

Salma : Really ? ……………………………………… ?

Fatma : Naguib Mahfouz .

Salma : ………………………………………………… ?

Fatma : Yes, he wrote many other novels .

Salma : It sounds he's a great writer .

Fatma : Of course . ……………………………………..

Salma : Nobel Prize ! …………………………………………………. ?

Fatma : Ok . When I have finished it , I'll lend it to you .

2) Choose the correct answer :1- Dr Mostafa El-Sayed is a famous (geologist – scientist – archaeologist –educationlist), He works in science2- Because of his scientific achievement, Dr El-Baz has become (nation – national - international – internationality ) famous . 3- Nabawia Musa was the ( head master – director – manager – head mistress ) of a girls' school .

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4- Thanks ( for – to – from – on ) satellites, scientists found underground water in Sinai .5- Being ( beautiful – slow – funny – brave ) is one of the most important qualities of a policeman . 6- Teachers ( influence – hate – dislike – ignore ) their pupils very much. They have an effect on their behaviour . 7- Dr El-Baz is the world's greatest expert ( of – at – in – out ) remote sensing .8- Dr Zewail grew ( on – out of – up – into ) in Egypt .9- He is a ( teacher – surgeon – headmistress – archaeologist) . He does operations. 10- He (rarely – often – always – usually) goes out. He is busy working all the time. 11- The moon ( orbit – orbits – orbited – is orbiting ) the earth .12- How often ( have – do – are – had ) you go to the cinema a week ?13- He left for Paris two days ( for – ago – since – till ) 14- They used to ( driven – drove – driving – drive ) fast .15- When the sun sets, day ( ends – ended – end – ending ) 16- Our car ( broke – breaks – broken – breaking ) down and we had to walk three Kilometers .17- Please note ( on – for – down – out ) some facts about your town . 18- I like tennis so much because it is (boring – bored – enjoyable –uninteresting) 19- ( Terrible – Useful – Famous- Clever ) means something that makes it easier to do something. 20- In 1968, Neil Armstrong (walking – walks – walked – walk) on the moon .

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21- A ( novelist – biologist – journalist – geologist ) is someone who studies soil and rocks . 22- Emad ( gave – scored – earned – played ) a goal for his team yesterday 23- I'm happy as the news ( is – are – has – have ) wonderful .24- Naguib Mahfouz is a great (biologist – novelist – journalist – archaeologist)25- When I went on holiday, I always (took – take – am taking – have taken) a lot of photographs .26- Plants grow very quickly in the rich ( rocks – soil – sand – moon ) 27- Lazy students usually ( fails – fail – failed – failing ) in their tests .28- There ( is – are – was – were ) once a tree here . 29- The American Apollo space project ( walked – landed – ran – touched ) on the moon. 30- We can use the ( secret – hidden – buried – underground ) water to reclaim our vast desert.31- Remote ( discovering – sensing – finding – inventing ) enables geologists to find out oil reserves. 32- Columbus ( caught – bought – invented – discovered ) America . 33- They attended the ( quiz – competition – ceremony – park ) and saw Dr Zewail receive his prize . 34- Someone who travels in a spacecraft is (a geologist – an archaeologist –a teacher – an astronaut )35- There are very big (school – statues – streets – stones) of the pharaohs at Luxor 36- Zeinab Oteify is a famous Egyptian paralympic champion at (weight lifting –cycling –jumping –cricket).

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37- ( Did – Do – Was – Does ) he see them yesterday ?38- When ( do – will – did – have ) you read that book yesterday ?39- I ( am – was – have seen – will be ) hungry, so I ate some bread and cheese . 40- What time ( did – does – do – will ) your father arrive at work every morning ?41- He ( doesn't – didn't – never – won't ) gets up early . 42- (A biologist – A biographer – A geologist – An astronomer) studies rocks and minerals. 43- ( Modern – Ancient – Patient – Huge ) means very old . 44- Dr El-Baz was ( born – borne – bear – bearing ) in Zagazig . 45- Dr El-Baz is the ( director – direction – direct – directory ) of Remote sensing at Boston University .46- He lives in a ( near – big – remote – small ) village. We can't go there easily.47- ( Atmosphere – Gas – Space – Air ) is the area outside the earth's atmosphere .48- The (floor – ground – soil – space) is the layer on the earth in which plants grow 49- The story ( wrote – was written – is written – was writing ) long ago . 50- How often ( do you go – were you going – you go – have you gone ) to the dentist ? 51- We often ( is having – has had – have – has had ) breakfast at 7 o'clock 52- How ( often – long – far – many ) do you go to the library? - once a week

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53- The (astronaut – pilot – archaeologist – expert) of our flight to London was so clever . 54- Rain rarely ( fills – feels – falls – flies ) in the Western Desert . 55- Handicapped people take part in (Lympic – Olympiad – Paralympic – Olympic) championships.

3) Rewrite 1- I last saw Heba in 2002 . ( ago )

2- He comes late at all times . ( always )

3- It's my habit to visit my parents on Sundays . ( always )

4- What is the meaning of this word ? ( does ) 5- When I was in Tanta, I worked in a factory . ( used to ) 6- He used to smoke 20 cigarettes . ( no longer )

7- I went to the Zoo last month . ( ago )

8- A beaker is used to hold liquids . ( holding )

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9- My sister never goes shopping . ( not ) 10- He was in the habit of smoking . ( used to ) 11- When did you arrive in London ? ( How long )

12- My mother cleaned all the rooms . ( were )

13- He always comes late . ( is )

4) Find and correct the mistakes in the following sentences :

1 .Nabawiya Musa was the first Egyptian woman to go to primary school.2.Dr El-Baz worked on the Egyptian Apollo space project.

3 .Injy is very hard-work and always does well in tests.4 .Mrs. Mervat is the headmaster of our school.

5 .I felt much better after I took the illness.6 .Professor Magdi Yacoub is a famous heart scientist.

7 ( Write a paragraph of ninety words about ONE (1) only of the following :

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a) A famous modern Egyptian that you admire. b) Women’s life in the past and now.

Translation8) a) Translate into Arabic : - Boys and girls are all born the same, so we should all have the same opportunities.

- Zeinab Oteify showed us we can do a lot of things even with a disability.

b) Translate into English : - إن مصر فخورة بأبنائها من العلماء المشهورين فى جميع أنحاء العالم .

hideيخبىء معروف جدابــ

best known for

probablyمحتملdeafاطرشcenturyقرنdumbابكم

novelsروايات/ قصصcharactersشخصياتnovelistروائى / قصصىclarificationتوضيح

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Prepared and designed by:

Mr. Mahrous Ahmed HaikalAssiut – Sahel Seleem

Senior teacher

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Prison = jailسجنclarifyيوضحfactoryمصنعlife\livesحياة / حيوات

السطحالداخلى

the inside surface

hard lifeحياة صعبة

characterشخصيةchoiceخيار / إختيارoffice clerkموظف مكتبىchoose\chose\chosenيختار

journalistصحفىfailيفشلreal nameاسم حقيقيfailureالفشل

pen nameاسم مستعارdamagedتالف the darkالجانب المظلمlinesخطوط

side عطوف/

طيبkind- heartedاالطفال العاملونchild

workerscricketجرادة (حشرة)miserable بائس / تعيس

hearthمدفأةparentsوالدين jumpingحشرة قفازةrelationعالقة

insect (منسقف likeيشبه

اسفل)ceiling

roof(من اعلى)سطح was rewardedكوفىءblindاعمىunpleasantغير سارdaughterابنةcrowdedمزدحم مقابلة

شخصيةinterviewسوياtogether

employerصاحب العملmoralمغزى / عبرة مجاور /

قريبnearbyموظفemployee

crackشرخ / يشرخnearlyتقريبا (طينةجصة feluccaفلوكة/ قارب

صلبة)plaster

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grey-hairedرمادى الشعرfishermanصياد-wellانيق / مهندمpassengerراكب

dressedargumentنقاش / جدالshareيشارك

truthحقيقةdebtدينtrueحقيقىmainرئيسى / اساسى

tell the truthيقول الحقwarmدافىء / يدفىءrealiseيدركwarmthالدفء

shoutيصيحGreat Expectationsتوقعات كبيرةsurprisedمندهشRussianروسى

jumpingحشرة قفازةinsect

get into debtيقع فى الدين

make toysيصنع لعب earn moneyيكسب ماالgo to prisonيذهب للسجنdo wrongيخطئ

يجعل الحياةاسهل

make life easierولد اعمىwas born blind

رجل عجوزtell the truthيقول الصدقاشيب

grey-haired old man

يخفىالحقيقة

hide the truthاب انيق/ مهندمwell-dressed father

change thingsيغير اشياءhave a choiceلديه خيار

Examples:- He had got into debt so he went to prison.- He earns a lot of money by selling diamond.- My brother is always well-dressed.- He hid the truth from his parents.- Our Chemistry teacher is a grey-haired old man.

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Expressions تعبيرات

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- A cricked is a jumping insect which makes a loud noise.- Caleb had a difficult choice: to lie or to tell his daughter the truth. hear ofيسمع عن/ يعرفpay forيدفع مقابل

hear fromيتلقى اخبار منlook afterيعتنى بـــwork asيعمل كـــlook atينظر الى

work forيعمل لدىfall offيتساقط علىwork withيعمل معtalk toيتحدث لــــ

work outيحل / يفسرhide….fromيخبىء.....عن...owe….toيدين لــcrowded withمزدحم بـــ

Kind ofنوع منkind toعطوف علىlive onيعيش علىgood toعطوف علىlive inيعيش فىright forمناسب لـــ

يريد.....أن.....

want….toيستلف منborrow….from

يقرض / يسلفbelong toيخص / ينتمىlend….toلـ

Examples:- Have you heard of Charles Dickens?- The ceilings were cracked and the plaster was falling off the walls.- Caleb Plummer hid the truth from his daughter Bertha.- The cricket was lining on the hearth.- The house belonged to a businessman called Mr. Tackleton.- Caleb Plummer looked after his blind daughter well.- I can work out difficult sums.- Caleb has always tried to be good to his daughter.

Definitions 1- novel 1- novel رواية (novelist novelist / قصصى (روائى

- A story about people that are not real.

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Prepositions حروف جر

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2- prison = jail 2- prison = jail سجن (go to prison go to prison للسجن send to send to – يذهبprisonprison للسجن (يرسل

- A building where people who do something wrong are sent.

3- debt 3- debt دين (get into debtget into debt الدين فى indebtedindebted - يقع مديون )

- Money that you owe to someone.

4- journalist 4- journalist صحفى (journalismjournalism صحافة) - Someone who writes for newspapers.

5- character 5- character (فى كتاب – فى مسرحية – فى قصة – فى فيلم )شخصية - A person in a book, play or film.

6- belong 6- belong / يخص ( اتنماء belongingbelonging) ينتمى- Let someone else’s child become a part of your family.

7- ceiling : 7- ceiling : ) اسفل ) من تراه ( سطح roof roof) سقف- The inside surface of the top part of a room.

8- cracked 8- cracked مشروخ (crack crack / يشرخ ( شرخ- damaged, with thin lines on its surface.

9- employer 9- employer العامل – موظف employeeemployee) صاحبemployment عمالة)

- A person or a company that pays people to work for them.

10- fail 10- fail يفشل (failurefailure فشل )- To be unsuccessful in doing something.

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11- plaster 11- plaster – جصة طالء - Something to cover walls to give them a smooth surface.

12- truth 12- truth حقيقة (truetrue /صحيح ( حقيقى- The true facts about something.

13- rewarded 13- rewarded كوفىء (rewardreward / يكافىء (مكافاة - To do something pleasant to someone because they have done something good.

14- Choice 14- Choice إختيار (choose \ chose\ chosenchoose \ chose\ chosen ( يختار - When you can choose between two or more things.

15- Moral 15- Moral – مغزى ( أخالق moralsmorals) حكمة

- A lesson to be learned from a story.

Language Functions

Asking for clarification: طلب التوضيح

تستخدم ان يمكن تفهمة ال شىء لك يوضح ان ما شخص من اردت إذا:االتى

- I don’t understand. Can you say that again, please?- Can you clarify that please?

A talk about Charles Dickens :

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Listening

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Have you heard of Charles Dickens? After Shakespeare, he is probably the most famous writer in the English Literature. He is best known for his novels about life in the nineteenth – century Britain. Dickens was born in 1812 into a good family in Portsmouth, in the south of England. When he was still a young boy, his father went to prison in 1824, because he had got into debt. Charles went to London to earn money for the family. At the age of twelve he was working for ten hours a day in a London factory. He saw how hard life was for poor people and many of the ideas for the stories of his novels and the characters in them came from this time.

After he left the factory, Dickens went to work as an office clerk, but he did not enjoy this. In 1834 he started work as a newspaper journalist. While he was working for the newspaper, he was also writing magazine stories about life in London. Instead of using his real name he called himself Boz for these stories. In 1836 Dickens married Catherine Hogarth. He went on to write "Oliver Twist" in 1838 and "Nicholas Nickleby" in 1839. "David Copperfield" followed in 1850. In 1858 Dickens went to America to read his novels to people. "A Tale of two cities" in 1859, and "Great Expectations" in 1861.

In "Oliver Twist" Dickens shows the dark side of life in the nineteenth century London. He describes the lives of child workers and life in the workhouse, where very poor people were sent to live and work. Dickens died in 1870. When he died, Dickens was 58 years.

The cricket on the hearth:

A cricket is a kind of jumping insect which makes a loud noise. In this book, a family has a cricket living on the hearth in their house. In the past, people thought that if you saw a cricket, good things would happen to you, so the family in the story is happy to have it in their home.

The cricket on the hearth:

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Reading

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Caleb Plummer and his blind daughter Bertha lived together in a little house. They made toys and their house belonged to the businessman who they worked for, Mr. Tackleton. Caleb and Bertha were very poor, but Caleb looked after Bertha very well. Bertha had been blind since she was born. Her father wanted her to have a happy life, so he didn't tell her what their life was really like. Bertha didn't know that the ceilings were cracked and the plaster was falling off the walls She never knew that everything around her was old and poor. She didn't realize that her father was a grey-haired old man. She thought that they lived in a comfortable home; she thought that she had a well-dressed father and that Mr. Tackleton was a good employer. Because her father was kind, Bertha was always happy. This changed one day when she heard Mr. Tackleton talking to her father. Mr. Tackleton was angry and was shouting at her father. Bertha was sad and didn't talk to her father all day. Her father realized that she had heard the argument. “I have always tried to be good to you, but I have failed," he said.Bertha didn't understand her father's words. “Bertha, I wanted you to be happy, so since the day that you were born I have hidden the truth from you. I have changed things, invented things and told you stories that were not the truth." “I have been really blind,” replied Bertha. “I had never realized until today how kind and loving you have been." Caleb looked at his daughter. He was very surprised by her words. Finally, she said, " I have always been happy, but now I will be even happier."

1) What is Charles Dickens best known for? - He is best known for writing about the dark side of life in London in the 19th century. His best known novel is Oliver Twist.

2) What pen-name did Charles Dickens use? - He called himself Boz.

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Reading questions

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3) Mention some of Charles Dickens's novels. - Oliver Twist, Nicholas Nickleby, David Copperfield, A tale of two cities and Great Expectations.

4) What kind of life did Dickens show in Oliver Twist? - He showed the dark side of life in the 19th century London.

5) What is a cricket? - It is a kind of jumping insect which makes a loud noise.

6) Where does the cricket live on in the story? - It lives on the ceiling.

7) What does the cricket mean \ symbolize for \ refer to in the story? - The cricket means \ symbolizes\ refers to happiness\ good things. 8) What did people in the past think about having or seeing a cricket? - In the past, people thought that if you saw a cricket, good things would happen to you.

9) Where did Caleb Plummer and his blind daughter live? - They lived in a little house that belonged to the businessman who they worked for.

10) Where did Caleb Plummer and his blind daughter make to earn their living? - They made toys .

11) For whom did Caleb Plummer work? - He worked for a businessman called Mr. Tackleton.

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12) Since when was Bertha blind? - She was blind since she was born.

13) What was the relation between Caleb Plummer and Mr. Tackleton? Mr. Tackleton was Caleb’s employer OR Caleb works for Mr. Tackleton.

14) Why didn’t Caleb tell his blind daughter about their real life? - Because he wanted her to have a happy life.

15) How was the life Caleb and his blind daughter really lived? - It was a miserable life. The ceilings were cracked and the plaster was falling off the walls. Everything around them was old and poor.

16) What truth Bertha didn’t know? - She didn’t know that the ceilings were cracked and the plaster was falling off the walls. Everything around them was old and poor. She didn’t realize that her father was grey-haired old man. 17) What did Bertha think about their life \ the life she lived and her father? - She thought that she had a comfortable home and that her father was a well-dressed father.

18) What did Bertha think about Mr. Tackleton, her father’s employer? What was Bertha’s impression about Tackleton at first? - She thought him a good employer.

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19) How did Mr. Tackleton treat \ deal with Caleb Plummer? - He was always angry and shouting at him.

20) When did Bertha know the truth about their life? What was the turning point in Bertha’s life? - When one day she heard Mr. Tackleton shouting at her father. 21) What was the truth that Caleb Plummer hid from Bertha? In your opinion, which reality was Bertha blind to? - He never told her that they were very poor and that they lived a miserable life. Everything around them was old and poor.

22) Why do you think Caleb told Bertha the truth after his argument with Mr. Tackleton? - Because he realized that she had heard the argument.

23) Do you think Mr. Tackleton was a good employer? Why? Why not? - I don’t think him a good employer as he treated Caleb badly. He used to shout at him.

24) Is it always wrong to not tell the truth to someone? - Yes. In some situations it is better not tell the person the truth because the shock can kill him.

25) Give a situation in which it is necessary to not tell the truth? - People who have incurable disease\ illnesses and that their life is short shouldn’t be told the truth. Also in situations when we want to reconcile people together.

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26) Is it right for blind people like Bertha to work? Why? Why not? - Yes, a blind person should work as work gives him\her the chance to live to give him\her the feeling that they are living. They are part and parcel of their society. 27) How can we make life easier for people who cannot see or cannot hear? - We should tell them the truth about the life they live. We can help the blind by making them see the world with our eyes and help the deaf to hear by our ears. We should help them to forget or overcome their disability. 28) How can we make life easier for people who cannot walk? - We can help them by buying them wheelchairs or walking sticks. We can take them to the places they like to go. 29) In your opinion, what do you learn from the Cricket on the Hearth? What is the moral of The Cricket on the Hearth? - It is always best to tell the truth and be kind. 30) Sometimes people are forced to tell lies.” “Are you for or against this? Say why? - I’m for this because in some certain situations it is better not tell the truth. For example, we shouldn’t tell an ill man that his illness in incurable and that he will die soon.

31) When did Bertha know that her father loved her very much? - When she knew\ discovered the truth about their real life.

32) What jobs can blind people do well, do you think? - They can be writers, poets, thinkers….etc. They can also do manual work like spinning.

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33) What can we say about the characters of Caleb and Bertha? - Caleb and Bertha are kind characters.

34) What are the ways that make things better for blind people o roads? - We can put bells on roads we can also make them special side roads.

The Past Continuous Tense زمن الماضى المستمر

Formation I, He, She, It, مفرد + was + v-ing

They, We, You, الجمع + were + v-ingUsage

.لوصف حدث كان مستمر لوقت معين فى الماضى -1 Ex: I was doing my homework at 6 o'clock yesterday.Ex: I didn't hear the phone because I was having a shower.

بمعنى طوال ) all- لوصف حدث استمر فترة فى الماضى ( مع كلمة 2 Ex: I was reading a book all day yesterday.

- للتعبير عن حدث قصير قطع حدث طويل والحدث المستمر ماضى مستمر3والقاطع ماضى بسيط.

Ex: While I was running, I fell down.

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While\AS\Just as S + was / were + v-ing S + past verb الحدث ) ( الحدث الطويل )

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Ex: As she was cooking, She spilt the soup.

Ex: My father came while I was sleeping . Ex: Ali broke the vase just as he was cleaning it .

Ex: When the phone rang, I was having my breakfast. Ex: I was having my breakfast when the phone rang.

- يستخدم أيضا للتعبير عن حدثين كانا مستمرين فى الماضى. ( لم4يقطع احدهما االخر)

Ex: While I was doing my homework, my mother was cooking dinner. Ex: Aya was sleeping while her brother was playing football.

بعد - فاعل ياتى لم به whileإذا فعل بعدها ingياتى Ex: While walking in the street, I met my teacher.

noun نضع بعدها During إذا استخدمنا -During + noun \ noun phrase , past simple

Ex: During my sleep, I heard a loud noise . Ex: Ali was injured during the football match. The Past Perfect Tense زمن الماضى التام

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Past simple while\as\just as Past continuous

When + past simple + past continuous ( الحدث الطويل ) ( الحدث القصير )

Past simple + when + past continuous

Notes

While\ As\ Just as + S + was / were + v-ing, s + was, were + V-ing

ياتى) ان يفضل duringبعد ) ingال

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- Formation Subject + had + p.pUsage -

ويستخدم الماضى التام ليعبر عن حدث حدث قبل حدث اخر فى الماضى. (1 واحدهما حدث قبل االخر فى الماضى فان الحدثحدثينلدينا عندما يكون ( أى انه

االول يكون فى زمن الماضى التام والحدث االخر يكون فى زمن الماضى البسيط(

Ex: I finished my homework. Then I watched the film. هنا لدينا حدثين ويجب ان نحدد ايهما حدث اوال ونجعله ماضى تام ونترك االخر

) ماضى بسيط.( الثانىEx: I had finished my homework. Then I watched the film.

وغالبا ما يستخدم زمن الماضى التام مع الروابط االتيه:

After, as soon as, by the age of + ( Past perfect ) ( Past simple )

Before , by the time, By….., When + ( past simple ) (Past perfect )

Subject + didn't + Inf. till , until ( past perfect )

فانه االنتظار افعال احد وجود مع :ولكن S. + had waited\ remained\ stayed…….till\ until + S. + past simple.

Ex: After I had bought my shopping, I went home.Ex: By the age of ten, I had learnt to ride a bicycle.Ex: When I arrived home, my dad had left.Ex: I didn't go out till \ until I finished my work.Ex: I had waited him till he came.Ex: By the time I arrived home, my father had left.

2. الماضى) فى مبررات إلعطاء التام الماضى ويستخدمEx: He went to hospital because he had eaten bad food.

3: االتية) الروابط مع التام الماضى ويستخدم ☻ S + had + no sooner + P.P…………………..than + S + past simple

☻ S + had + hardly\scarcely\rarely + P.P…….when + S + past simple.42

After, as soon as, by the time, before, when, till, until, by + period of time

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Ex: He had no sooner arrived home than he slept.Ex: He had hardly arrived home when he slept.

: فانه الروابط هذه باحد البدء عند ولكنه ☻ No sooner + had + S + P.P………………..….than + S + past simple.

☻ Hardly \ Scarcely \ Rarely + had + S + P.P…when + S + past simple.

Ex: No sooner had he arrived home than he slept.4: االتى) مع التام الماضى ويستخدم

☻ It was only when + S + had + P.P…..that + S + past simple

☻ It wasn't until + S + had + P.P ………that + S + past simple

Ex: It was not until he had built a house that he married.Ex: It was only when he had built a house that he married .

التام) 5 الماضى : ويستخدم وهى البسيط الماضى فى االتية االفعال بعدS……….found\knew\discovered\realised……S.+ had + P.P.……

Ex: When I arrived home I realized that I had forgotten my mobile at school.

التام الماضى على هامة :مالحظات

بعد- 1 ياتى لم به after, beforeإذا فعل بعدهم ياتى فانه .ingفاعلEx: After doing my homework, I went out.Ex: Before going to the cinema, I studied my lessons.

إستخدام- 2 من Having + P.Pيمكن After \ as soon as + S + hadبدال+ P.P

Ex: After I had ironed the shirt, I went out.Ex: Having ironed the shirt, I went out.

استخدام- 3 من On + V-ingيمكن + After \ as soon as + S + hadبدالP.P

Ex: As soon as he had arrived home, he slept.Ex: On arriving home, he slept.

بعد- 4 اسم ياتى ان after\before + nounيمكنEx: After the arrival of the manager, we started the meeting.Ex: He had lived a happy life before the death of his father.

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First Year sec First Term1) Write what you would say in each of the following situations:

1. A friend tells you about a famous woman. You want to know about her job.

2. Your teacher says something in English. You do not understand very well.

3. A friend tells you about a book that he or she enjoyed. You want to know what advice the story gives you about life.

4. A friend asks you to help him\her with some homework. You are happy to do this.

2) Choose the correct answer :

1- My brother is still looking ( at – over – for – through ) a better job . 2- Dickens lived in the 19th ( century – millennium – decade – year ) .3- After Mai had received Hany's e-mail, she (sent – had sent – sends – send) him her reply . 4- Having ( finding – find – found – finds ) his mobile, Sami told his father . 5- ( Because – When – After – Till ) reading the story, I gave it to Salma .6- Before ( switches – switched – switching – switch ) on the machine, he had read the instructions . 7- He ( doesn't travel – didn't travel – hadn't travelled – travelled ) abroad until he had graduated . 8- ( Having – Have – Had – Has ) had her dinner, she washed the dishes . 9- After ( had put – putting – put – puts ) my clothes on, I went out .

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10- By the time I got to the party, most people (are going – had gone – have gone – go) home . 11- They didn't leave the shop ( while – till – when – during ) they had paid the bill 12- She arrived at the station after the train (leaves – was leaving – had left – has left ), So she missed it . 13- Samar was painting ( while – when – as – just as ) she spilt the paint on the floor 14- ( On – When – Just as – As ) locking the window, I saw two boys fighting .15- What (were you doing – do you do – you were doing – are you doing ) when Gehan saw you ? 16- Hady arrived while ( having – was having – had – have ) my dinner . 17- Riham ( cleaning – was cleaning – cleaned – is cleaning ) the flat while her sister was washing up . 18- Nada entered ( while – after – before – during ) I was making a telephone call 19- While I ( riding – was riding – rode – am riding ) my bicycle, Heba was having a walk 20- ( During – While – When – As soon as ) her flight, Amany was nervous . 21- Samy was playing tennis when he ( was falling – falls – fell – had fallen ) down 22- The daughter of my sister or my brother is my (cousin – uncle – nephew – niece ) 23- I dream of living in the country away from ( empty – quiet – crowded – calm ) cities 24- It is important for all children to have a good ( expression – education – cricket – debt). 25- Plants grow very quickly in the ( soil – floor – roof – solar ) in our garden.

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26- A ( dentist – vet – surgeon – nurse ) is a doctor who does operation in a hospital.27- Our Society should look ( at – over – after – out ) homeless children . 28- My father promised to ( punish – dismiss – fine – reward ) me if I pass my exams . 29- A ( cricket – crack – mosquito – fly ) is a kind of jumping insect which makes a loud noise.30- Our teacher is a real ( export – expert – geologist – astronaut ) . She knows everything about Egyptian history.31- We should look ( up – for – off – at ) blind people .32- Those who do something good should be ( awarded – rewarded – honoured – punished ) 33- Bertha is the main (person – character – personality – food) in Dickens’s story The Cricket on the Hearth. 34- If you borrow much money, You'll be in (debt – comfort – excitement – happiness) 35- I'll go to the club instead ( of – on – from – in ) staying at home . 36- A (poem – report – novel – tale) is a long written story, usually about characters and events that are not real . 37- A\An (employ – employer – employee – employment) is a person or company that pays people to work for them38- This film ( makes – draws – writes – shows ) the dark side of life in Cairo in the 1930s . 39- Charles Dickens went to London to ( gain – earn – win – spend ) money for the family . 40- A ( decade – millennium – fortnight – century ) is a period of 100 years 41- Naguib Mahfouz was famous (from – for – of – on) writing stories about ordinary people .

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42- A (geologist – biologist – journalist – novelist) writes articles for newspapers and magazines . 43- We cover walls with ( plaster – cluster – rocks – stones ) to give them a smooth surface.44- The ( secret – bottom – moral – word ) of the story is that it is better to tell the truth.45- We have no ( choice – choose – crack – tray ) in birth and death.46- After the cup fell on the floor, I saw that it was ( cracked – crept – grooved – creamed ) . 47- Someone who writes reports for newspapers is called (an actor – a journalist – a teacher – a singer) 48- Sahar is an honest girl. She never ( tells lies – tells the truth – tells stories – tells facts ) .49- No sooner (mum had – has mum – had mum – did mum) finished cooking than we ate . 50- They had hardly done their homework ( than – then – when – while ) they went out 51- I was not hungry because I (eat – have eaten – had eaten – have been eating) a lot of fruit.52- The doctor didn't do anything as the patient ( died – has died – was died – had died ) when he arrived at the hospital .53- She went into the Petrol station because she ( run – has run – was run – had run ) out of petrol . 54- During (watched the film – watching the film – was watching the film – the film), I fell asleep . 55- ( Do you check – Had you checked – Have you checked – Will you checked ) the car before driving it yesterday ?56- You must do it. You have no ( appetite – choose – desire – choice ) .57- I tried to pass my exams but I (succeeded – failed – felt – felled).

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58- This car is not mine. It belongs ( for – in – to – with ) my father.59- I saw spiders webs hung from the ( ceiling – roof – floor – ground )60- I couldn't see the match because my brother ( watched – had watched –has watched – was watching ) the film .

3) Rewrite the following sentences using the word(s) in brackets to give the same meanings :

1- While I was walking. I saw an accident . ( During ) 2- When she opened the door. She saw her brother inside the room . ( On ) 3- Nady made some mistakes while he was doing his homework . ( When ) 4- During her run. She fell down . ( As )

5- While trying to open the door, I broke the key . ( While I )

6- While Hatem was having his breakfast, he heard a cry for help . ( During )

7- As soon as we had decorated the office, we moved into it . (By the time)

8- Before I traveled to Aswan, I had booked a ticket . ( After )

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9- First. I cleaned the flat. Then, I watched the film on TV . ( Until )

10- Hazem felt tired while he was studying his lessons . ( When )

11- We went home as soon as the match ended . ( Until )

12- After the customer had paid the bill, he left the shop . ( Having )

13- I didn't buy the jacket until I had tried it on . ( After )

14- The boys were in the middle of a football game when the bell rang . (Playing ) 15- He saw the Eiffel Tower while he was visiting France . ( During )

16- Asmaa arrived home. Then she slept. (No sooner )

17- After he had eaten bad food, he fainted. ( hardly)

18- He had waited for two hours before her arrival. ( till)

5) Find and correct the mistakes in the following sentences :

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1- A crocket is a kind of jumping insects which makes loud noise. 2- Caleb felt ashamed when Bertha told him how happy she was.3- If you lend too much money, you will be in debt.4- My brother gains a lot of money from his job as a pilot.

9) Write a paragraph of ninety words about ONE (1) only of the following:

a) a story with a moral. b) a famous modern Egyptian.

Translation :10. A) Translate into Arabic :

1- Don't borrow large sums of money or you'll get in debt .

3- It is better to be kind than to have a lot of money.

B) Translate into English :

- لقد حقق ذوو االحتياجات الخاصة نجاحا عظيما فى كل أنحاء العالم. 2

Words for translation

hospitalityكرم الضيافةcorner stoneحجر الزاويةtechnologyتكنولوجيا overزيادة سكانية

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populationinvestmentإستثمارpopulationسكانinvestيستثمرpollutionتلوث

nationalالدخل القومىsuppliesمؤن/ امداداتincome

street childrenأطفال الشوارعhumanityبشريةincreaseيزدادhomelessمشردdecreaseيقلprogressتقدمis consideredيعتبرluxuryترفtourismسياحةshortageنقص

touristسائحneedsإحتياجاتterrorismإرهابprosperityرخاء

terroristإرهابىwelfareرفاهية

Translate into English:أحيانا تضطرنا الظروف ان نكذب لكى ال نحزن من نحبهم.-

الكاتب االنجليزى تشارلز ديكنز مشهور بكتابة القصص.-

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Prepared and designed by:

Mr. Mahrous Ahmed HaikalAssiut – Sahel Seleem

Senior teacher

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brainمخpossibleممكنmindعقلtemperatureدرجة حرارة

powerقوةdigestionهضمpowerfulقوىdigestيهضمmemoryذاكرةguessيخمن

rememberيتذكرholesفتحاتremindيذكرballsكور

ذاكرةdownwardsالى اسفلتصويرية

Photographic memory

immediatelyفى الحالlightضوءhide\hid\hiddenيخبئsunlightضوء الشمسincredibleال يصدقambulanceسيارة اسعاف

incrediblyبشكل ال يصدقgymصالة العابhumanانسانseparateيفصل =humaneرحيمbreatheيتنفس

mercifulout of dateقديمbreathنفس

listقائمة (اسماء)passwordكلمة سرmenuقائمة (طعام)modestمتواضع

يقرأ بصوتcalculatorالة حاسبةعال

read out

complex=complicمعقدspecialخاص/ مميز52

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atedpainالمnormalعادى/ طبيعى

painfulمؤلمdamageيتلف / تلفcellsخالياlearningتعلمcontrolيتحكم/ يسيطرconcentrateيركز

disappoinمحبطted

sensesحواس

analyseيحللsoundصوت/ يبدوanalysisتحليلquiteالى حد ما

hurtبدال من ذلكquietهادئsend messagesيرسل رسائلfree timeوقت فراغ

receive messagesيستلم رسائلimportantمهمexperimentتجربة معمليةimportanceاهميةdifferenceإختالفrepeatيكرر

differentمختلفgiftهبة/ منحةdifferيختلفcreatorخالق

probablyمحتملmiracleمعجزة

keep fitيحافظ على لياقتهgive adviceيعطى نصيحة make a noteيدون مالحظة

of storeيخزن ذكريات

memoriesmake a listيعد قائمة taste theيتذوق الفرق

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Expressions تعبيرات

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differenceget…rightيستوعبmake sureيتأكدfeel painيشعر بااللمby the end ofبنهاية

Examples:- Your brain stores past memories.- With your brain you can smell flowers, feel pain and hear your singer.- Make sure that you finish all the jobs mom asked you to do.- Grandpa gave me advice to study hard. = Grandpa advised me to study hard.

concentrateيركز فىon

useful forمفيد لـــ

terrible atفظيع فىshort forاختصار لـــ\compared withمقارنة بــ

togood atجيد فى

bad atسىء فىbe able toقادر على be capableقادر على

ofpick upيلتقط

send…….toيرسل الىenable….toيمكنreceive….fromيستلم من look forward toالى يتطلع

take….outيخرجremind ofيذكر بـkey toمفتاح لـــhelpful forمفيد لــ

Examples:- Ali is able to drive a car = Ali is capable of driving a car.- The mouse enables us to move around the screen.- Take your hand out of hot water.- I'm not good at remembering names.- Our brain sends messages to all our senses.- VIP is short for very important person.- Compared with computers, our brain is more complex.- Collocations

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Prepositions حروف جر

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close – closed- closed close – closed- closed يغلقيغلق ( close a door, close your eyes, close an e-mail)

guess – guessed – guessed guess – guessed – guessed يخمنيخمن ( guess answer, guess a result, guess a meaning, guess age, person, place.)

receive – received – received receive – received – received / يتلقى يتلقى / يستلم يستلم ( receive a message, receive an e-mail, receive invitation, receive a present, receive a visit, receive a guest ) send – sent – sent send – sent – sent يرسليرسل ( send a letter, send an e-mail, send greetings ) have – had – had have – had – had /يتناول يتناول/ ياخذ ياخذ ( have a shower, have a bath, have a rest, have a drink, have a discussion )

Definitions 1- analyse1- analyse يحلل (analysis analysis تحليل- analystanalyst محلل)

- To examine or think about - To examine or think about something carefully to understand it.something carefully to understand it.

2- breathe 2- breathe يتنفس (breath breath نفس – breathebreathe inin يستنشق – breathebreathe outout يزفر) - To take air into your lungs and let it out - To take air into your lungs and let it out again.again.

3- cells 3- cells خاليا - The smallest parts of animals and plants.- The smallest parts of animals and plants.

4- complex4- complex معقد (complicatedcomplicated معقد)

- - Consisting of manyConsisting of many connected parts, especially connected parts, especially in a way thatin a way that is difficult to understand or explain. is difficult to understand or explain.

5- pain5- pain الم (painfulpainful مؤلم- painfullypainfully بالم)

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- The feeling you have when part of - The feeling you have when part of your body hurts.your body hurts.

6- powerful 6- powerful قوى (powerpower قوة)

- Having a lot of physical power, strength,- Having a lot of physical power, strength, or force.or force.

7- temperature7- temperature حرارة درجة - How hot or cold something is.- How hot or cold something is.

8- class8- class دراسى فصل - A group of people who study together.- A group of people who study together.

9- incredible9- incredible يعقل (بشكل ال يصدق incrediblyincredibly) ال

- It is difficult or impossible to believe.- It is difficult or impossible to believe.

10- password 10- password سر كلمة - A special word that you need before you - A special word that you need before you can enter something or use a computer. can enter something or use a computer.

11- photographic memory11- photographic memory تصويرية ذاكرة - The ability to remember - The ability to remember something by looking at it.something by looking at it.

12- repeat 12- repeat يكرر - To say again.- To say again.

Language functions

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Giving advice إعطاء النصح :اذا طلب منك اعطاء النصح لشخص ما استحدم احدى الصيغ االتية

- You should + Inf. / You shouldn't + Inf.- You would rather ('d rather) + Inf. - You had better ('d better) + Inf. - If I were you, I'd + Inf. / If I were you, I wouldn't + Inf. - The best thing you do is to + Inf.- I advise you to…………

You have 100,000,000,000 of these

Brains compared with computers

You have something that is more complex than the most powerful computer. With it you can see and smell flowers, remember holidays, feel pain, hear your favourite singer’s voice and think. This thing, which is in your head and weighs a kilo, is your brain.

How the brain controls what we do

Your brain has about a hundred billion (100,000.000.000) cells, and controls everything you do. It receives information from your senses, analyses it, then sends messages. For example, when you put your hand in hot water, you think. “That hurts” and you take your hand out of the water. Your brain receives the message, "Very hot" from your hand, then immediately sends a message back to your hand, Take your hand out of the water."

The importance of all the senses

Our senses often work together. For example, try the experiment. Cut a piece of apple, banana and orange. Close your eyes, hold your nose, then taste the fruit. Can you taste the difference between the fruits? Probably not. This is because

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Reading

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when you eat something, your brain receives messages from your mouth, eyes and nose.

Examples of what the brain can do

Your brain also stores past, memories and this makes learning and remembering possible. At the same time, your brain controls your breathing, your heart, your body temperature and your digestion.

It's important to guess

When you hear a sound, your brain tries to guess where it is coming from. So, if you hear a ringing sound and see a telephone, your brain may guess that the telephone is ringing. But if someone picks up the phone and the ringing sound continues, your brain will guess again. Maybe it's a mobile phone or a film on TV.[[[[

Holes and balls

If you look at the picture, you will see an X made of balls. Around the X are holes. If you turn the picture the other way, you will see that the X is made of holes and around it there are balls. Why is this? Scientists say that our brains always think that light comes downwards, perhaps because sunlight comes down. Now look at the picture again where is the lightest part of each ball or hole?

1- What is the difference between “brain” and “mind”? Brain is the organ inside our head that controls how we think, feel, and move. Mind is the part of our brain used for thinking and imagining things.

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Reading Questions

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2-What five senses does the brain receive messages from? - Sight, hearing, smell, taste and touch.

4- How heavy is your brain? - It weighs a Kilo.

3- How does the brain help us to learn and remember? Why is the brain important in the process of learning? - It stores past memories and this makes learning and remembering possible. 5- What happens when you put your hand in hot water? - Your brain receives the message "very hot" from your hand, then immediately sends a message back to your hand “Take your hand out of the water " .

6- In what way is your brain like a computer? - It is more complex than the most powerful computer. It sends and receives messages. It stores memories.

7- How long cells are there in your brain? - A hundred billion cells.

8- How does the brain work with the information it receives? - It analyses it then sends messages back .

9- How do remembering abilities differ from one person to another?

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- Some people have powerful memory, some people have weak memory and some have photographic memory.

10- How does the brain control all the body's functions? - It controls breathing, heart, body temperature and digestion.

11- How would life be different without the sense of sight? - We can't recognize colours, shapes or sizes, life would be hard.

12- Why is it difficult to taste different fruits if you hold your nose and close your eyes? - Because our senses often work together, when we eat something, our brain receives messages from our mouth, eyes and nose.

13- Why do our brains think that light comes down wards? - Because natural light comes downwards.

14- Which sense is the most important? - The sight, without the sight we can't recognize colours , shapes or size. Life would be hard.

Writing an e-mail

يعد االيميل من الرسائل الغير رسمية فهو ال يحتاج الى مقدمات او جمل افتتاحية او ختامية وكل ما علينا هو كتابة اسم او ايميل الراسل فى خانة (من) وكتابة اسم او ايميل المرسل اليه فى خانة (الى) ثم عنوان الرسالة فى خانة (الموضوع) ثم

.نبدأ االيميل بكلمة عزيزى او هاى ثم نبدا فى الكتابة فى الموضوع مباشرةExample:

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If + S + Present simple S + Present Simple

The zero conditional الحالة الصفرية

First Year sec First Term

Write an e-mail to your friend Adel to tell him about your ideal person whom you admire most in your life. Your e-mail is [email protected] and your friend's e-mail is [email protected]

To [email protected]

From mahrousahmed77 @ yahoo.comSubject The Ideal person whom I admire mostHi Adel

How are you? I'm going to tell you about the ideal person whom I admire most in my life. She is my mother. I love her very much. She always looks after me when I am ill. She also cooks well. She is kind and helpful. She always smiles to us even though she is very tired. She is doing her best to make us happy. Indeed, she is the person who deserves my love and respect. What about you?

Conditional sentences

تستخدم الحالة الصفرية للتعبير عن حقائق ثابتة غالبا ما تكون علمية كقوانين: الطبيعة أو الفيزياء أو الفلك

- If plants don’t get enough water, they die.-If you heat ice, it melts.

فى الحقائق) فى الحالة الصفرية. (وخصوصاIf بدال من when ويمكن إستخدام -When you boil water, it turns into steam.

-Metals contract when they are cooled. : ما تستخدم الحالة الصفرية في المبنى للمجهولوغالبا

Ex: If there is a drought, the annual rings of trees are close together. 61

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If + S + Present simple S + will\can\may + Inf

The First conditional الحالة االولى

The Second Conditional الحالة الثانيةIf + S + Past simple S + could \ would \ might + Inf

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Ex: If metals are heated, they expand.

تعبر الحالة األولى عن أحداث محتملة فى المستقبل.

- If it rains, we’ll get wet.

- We’ll see the whole match if we leave now.

- If she works hard, she will pass the test.

- Unless he works hard, he won’t succeed.

will بدال من can / may\ should\ mustيمكن استخدام - If we have enough time, we can visit Ahmed.

.يمكن أن يكون جواب الشرط أمر أو طلب-If you see Asmaa, give her a message for me, please.يمكن استخدام الكلمات االتية بدال من if فى الحالة االولى وهى:

As long as, provided that, providing, on condition that, in caseAs long as, provided that, providing, on condition that, in case - I will go to the cinema as long as you go with me.

نستخدم الحالة االولى وليس الحالة الصفرية اذا وجد: للصفوة من الطلبه :بالجملة كلمات محددة مثل Tonight, tomorrow, here, there, this, thatTonight, tomorrow, here, there, this, that

- If it rains tonight, I won't go out.

تستخدم الحالة الثانية لتعبر عن اشياء غير محتملة الحدوث فى الواقع اى:تستخدم لتعكس حالة الواقع

- If I had much money, I would buy a car. ( I don’t have much money so I can’t’ buy a car.)- If I were a bird, I would fly. ( I’m not a bird and I can’t fly.)

:تستخدم الحالة الثانية العطاء النصح-If I were you, I’d see a doctorNote : If I were you = If I were in your shoes\place, I’d……

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:مالحظات هامة تحل أن فى Ifمحل Wereيمكن أصال موجدة كانت أذا الثانية الحالة فى

) تغيير. ) أى بال الجملةWere + S. + noun………. S. + would \ could + Inf.Were + S. + noun………. S. + would \ could + Inf.

E x: If I were rich, I would help poor people. = Were I rich, I would help poor people.

كانت إن بدال Wereأما إستخدامها يمكن فإنه الجملة فى موجودة غير:Ifمن إستخدم ولكن

Were + S. + to + Inf………. S. + would \ could + Inf.Were + S. + to + Inf………. S. + would \ could + Inf. Ex: Were he to know the address, he would give it to me.

إستخدام من Without \ But for \ If it weren't forيمكن If…..notبدالولكن:

Without \ But for \ If it weren't for + noun \ V-ing, S. + would + Inf.Without \ But for \ If it weren't for + noun \ V-ing, S. + would + Inf. Ex: If it weren’t for his encouragement, I would fail.

إستخدام من In case of + noun \ V-ingيمكن If + S. + Past Simpleبدالإثبات) (.

Ex: In case of playing well, Mai would win the match.

إستخدام من .Should + S. + Infيمكن If + S. + Past Simpleبدال

Should + S. + Inf. …….S. + would \ could + Inf. Should + S. + Inf. …….S. + would \ could + Inf. Ex: If he takes more exercise, he may feel better. ( Should )

Should he take more exercise, he may feel better.

إستخدام من Hadيمكن . Ifبدال اساسى فعل كانت اذاHad + S. + noun …….S. + would \ could + Inf. Had + S. + noun …….S. + would \ could + Inf.

Ex: If I had enough money, I would buy a car. = Had I enough money, I would buy a car.

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:if كيف نحل جملالصفرية (1 الحالة استخدم حقيقة عن تعبران جملتين لنا اعطى .اذا

Ex: When you boil water, it evaporates. (If) If you boil water, it evaporates.استخدم (2 المستقبل تعبيرات احد كالهما او باحدهما جملتين لنا اعطى اذا

االولى .الحالةEx: I promise to buy you a tablet but get high marks. (If) If you get high marks , I’ll buy you a tablet.

ونحول (3 الثانية الحالة نستخدم فاننا المضارع فى جملتين لنا اعطى إذاحالة ) نعكس الننا المثبت وننفى المنفى ونثبت ماضى الى المضارع

.الواقع(Ex: I am not a doctor so I can’t help you. (If) If I was a doctor, I could help you.الحالة (4 نستخدم فاننا النصيحة تعبيرات احد وبها واحدة جملة لنا اعطى اذا

.الثانيةEx: You should not smoke. (If) If I were you, I would not smoke.

1) Finish the following dialogue:Magdy: How did you feel when you first moved to England?

Walid : )1(………………………………….. Everything was different!

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Prepared and designed by:

Mr. Mahrous Ahmed HaikalAssiut – Sahel Seleem

Senior teacher

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Magdy: Do you like English food?

Walid : Yes (2(………………………………….. It's very nice.

Magdy: Is it true that all English people are very friendly?

Walid : )3(………………………….. Some of them are friendly, but not all of them.

Magdy: )4(………………………………………………………………….?

Walid : Certainly. What would you like me to do.

Magdy: Can you show me your photos of England. I'd love to see them.

2) Write what you would say in each of the following situations: 1- Your sister is asking your advice about using a vocabulary book.

2- Your friend did badly in the last English test. What do you advise him to do?

3- Modestly you want to say that you are good at English.

4- You advise your friend not to watch too much TV.

3) Choose the correct answer 1- The doctor ( analysis – analytic – analytical – analysed ) the food and found that it contained poison . 2- A ( passage – password – pastime – passport ) is a special word you need before you can use a computer . 3- ( If – Unless – Without – Should ) your help, he wouldn't get the job 4- If dinner is not ready, I (go –will go– would go –would have gone) without it . 5- He ( will look – may look – would look – would have looked ) a lot better if he shaved more often .

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6- If I ( win – won – had won – can win ) a big prize in a lottery, I'd give up my job . 7- If you (won't believe – didn't believe – don't believe – hadn't believed) what I say, ask your mother . 8- Water (will vaporize – vaporizes – might vaporize – would vaporize) if it is heated . 9- If I had no money, I (will borrow – would borrow – may borrow - would have borrow) some from you . 10- If he ( fails – failed – had failed – will fail ) his father would be very angry . 11- I ( would be – will be – would have been – might be ) very angry if he makes any more mistakes . 12- If it ( rain – rains – will rain – rained ), streets get wet . 13- If he needs a camera, he ( can – might – would have – would ) borrow mine . 14- Steam condenses if it ( was – were – is – been ) cooled .15- He ( said – sent – told – received ) her a letter a week ago . 16- I've just ( sent – moved – heard – received ) an e-mail from my friend in Japan. He is visiting me next year . 17- If you concentrate ( in – at – on – for ) your studies, you will get high marks . 18- She promised to buy me a watch if I (made –did –helped –failed) well at school.19- I'll go to the cinema with you if I have (free – no – busy – not) time. 20- He wanted a (recently – recent – soon – lately) photo. 21- The ( tongue – eye – brain – train ) controls everything man does . 22- Normal human body (temperature – heat – breathe – heating) is usually 37 c

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23- He lost his ( smell – eyesight – touch – hearing ) during his childhood and become blind .24- We should ( do – make – play – mend ) sure of the answers . 25- ( Photo – Photograph – Photographic – Paragraph ) memory means to be able to remember something by looking at it . 26- The human brain has about 100 billion ( sales – sells – cells – calls ) .27- Noura sent me a (camera – message – letter – fax) through the internet . 28- ( Cellars – calls – callers – cells ) are the smallest parts of animals and plants . 29- She has an ( incredible – incredibly – increase – interested ) memory . 30- If water is heated, It ( boiled – would boil – boil – boils ) 31- I can't see if I ( mustn't – didn't – won't – don't ) wear my glass . 32- If you hear any news, (can –would –should – could) you let me know immediately?33- You won't get there on time ( if – unless – without – in case of ) you hurry . 34- Without ( read – have read – reading – is reading ) the questions carefully, You couldn't answer them correctly . 35- Unless I ( has – have had – have – had had ) enough money, I'll borrow some from you . 36- He will get high marks if he ( is – was – were – are ) clever . 37- ( Without – If – Unless – In case of ) a proper plan, you can't reach your goals 38- It will be very ( pain – painful – painfully – pains ) if you put your hand in hot water . 39- My mother sometimes helps me (in – with – from – on) my homework.

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40- To pass your tests, do ( well – good – bad – badly ) at school . 41- ( Sunlight – Electric light – Moon light – House light ) is very important for the growth of plants . 42- Emad was (pleased – glad – happy – disappointed) when he knew that he had failed his English test. 43- We usually do (shopping – exercises – experiments – experiences) in the school laboratory . 44- If you don't know the meaning of a word, try to (ignore –guess –omit – forget) it 45- The brain not only receives information from senses but also ( writes – sends – records – creates ) messages .46- The brain is not simple. It is more (complex – light – heavy – expensive) than the most powerful computer. 47- The brain enables our different senses to work (alone–slowly– separately–together) .48- Your brain receives information from your senses (writes – sees –observes – analyses ) it, then sends messages . 49- I want to visit my friend Hany but I can't remember his ( name – town – address – country ) . 50- Please, type in your ( letters – languages – password – image ) to be allowed to use this computer system . 51- What could you do if you (have – had – had had – are having) a million dollars ? 52- Unless you ( were – are – will be – is ) polite, no one will like you . 53- Wood floats if it ( is put – put – was put – will put ) on water . 54- If you have a holiday, where ( will – would – could – did ) you spend it ?55- ( Digestion – Indigestion – suggestion – Education ) help change the food we eat into very simple substances useful to our bodies .

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56- Can I ( do – make – say – receive ) a suggestion ?57- Brains store past ( memories – souvenirs – museums – merchants ) and this makes learning and remembering possible .58- Our senses receive (letters – e-mails – messages – calls) from the brain . 59- The human brain ( weighs – costs – buys – sells about 1 Kg . 60- The boy felt some ( hunger – noise – pain – health ) in his leg when he fell off his bike . 61- My computer is quite (weak – small – powerful – young) It has 160 GB . 62- The weather is ( quit – quiet – quite – quietly ) good today . 63- I have a good memory ( of – for – with – by ) names . 64- My little daughter is good ( in – at – on – with ) doing sums . 65- Teachers should ( remind – remember – analyse – look ) students' names . 4) Rewrite 1- I borrow books at times of need . ( If )

2- Plants don't grow without light . ( If )

3- Perhaps he will come tomorrow. If so, I'll meet him . ( If )

4- If you didn't read the book carefully, you wouldn't understand it . ( Unless / Without )

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5- I can't tell you what this word means as I don't know French . ( If )

6- He doesn't take any exercise, so he is fat . ( If )

7- Without television, people would go out more . ( If ) 8- You should tell your father the truth . ( If )

9- You must have a ticket or you will not enter the cinema . ( Unless ) 10- I don't have enough money, so I can't buy a modern car . ( If )

11- Without your patience, you couldn't be responsible for your business. ( Unless ) 12- Unless you studied hard, you wouldn't get high marks . ( If )

13- Hard-working people will get more money . ( Unless )

14- Don't play with knives or you'll cut yourself . ( If )

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15- If they didn't play well, they'd lose the match . ( Unless )

5) Find and correct the mistakes in the following sentences : 1- Mahmoud always understands the most complete maths problems.2- I have a great memory, so I can reward everything my mother told me last night.3- “Send how many students there are in my class.” “I don’t know.” “About 45.”4- The human mind is more complex than the most powerful computer.

E) Translation :* Translate into Arabic :

1- Nature is sometimes the friend of man and sometimes his enemy . 2- Games and sports are very important for building our bodies .

* Translate into English :

الخالق -1 معجزات إحدى البشرى .العقل

اطفال streetالشوارع

childrenaudienceجمهور

homelessمشرد do showsيقدم عروضا

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theالمشردينhomeless

drive awayيبعد/ يطرد

societyمجتمع earn moneyيربح ماالinterviewحوارexpertsخبراء

poorدول فقيرةcountries

interviewerمحاور

introduceيقدمreasonsأسبابon stageعلى خشبة المسرحgrow upيكبر/ ينمو

partsاجزاءpovertyفقرsurprisedمندهشcommonمشتركsurprisingمدهشdisastersكوارثtrueحقيقيearthquakesزالزل the sameنفس العمرdisappearيختفى

ageuniversityجامعةbetter futureمستقبل افضل

charactersشخصياتparentsوالدينoppositeمقابل / ضدviolentعنيفgrandparentاجدادviolenceعنف

sbest friendافضل صديقbusinessعمل

Extra Reading

Today's Street Children

Homeless children like Oliver Twist, who lived on the streets of English towns and cities in the time of Charles Dickens, were a real problem for society. The problem is still with us. Experts think that there are now more than 100 million homeless children on the streets in the world today. This is not only a problem in poor countries. There are also street children in rich countries.

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There are many different reasons why children live and grow up on the streets. One of the most common reasons is poverty. Some very poor families who do not have enough money to feed their children send them away to make a new life for themselves. Some children leave unhappy homes to live with other children. Other reasons include war and disasters like earthquakes, in which a child's parents are killed and children are left to look after themselves. City streets can be violent and dangerous and some children become thieves in order to live. But many street children work hard to build a home for themselves, to make friends and to earn money. The problem of homeless street children will not disappear unless we do something about it. Some homeless children have done well and even become successful in business, but society needs to protect and look after homeless children to help them have a better future.

Questions & Answers

1) According to statistics, how many homeless children are there in the world today? There are about 100 million homeless children.

2) Is the problem of street children only in poor countries? No, it is in rich countries too.

3) In which countries are there children living on the streets? In both poor and rich countries.

4) Why do most of the street children become thieves? In order to lice as they do not have money.

5) When can the problem of street children disappear?

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It can disappear when society protects and looks after homeless children to help them have a better future.

6) What is one of the most common reasons for children living on the streets? Poverty, war and natural disasters.

7) How can we tackle \solve the problem of street children? We must find them places to live and work to do. We shouldn't ignore them.

Translate into English:بأسرة (1 المجتمع تهدد موقوتة لقنبلة الشوارع أطفال مشكلة .إن

المجتمع (2 نواة ألنهم باألطفال الحكومة .تهتم

والكوارث (3 والحروب الفقر األطفالى التشرد أسباب أهم من.الطبيعية

Workbook Revision A 1( Finish the following dialogue:

Mohsin and Hassan are talking about their memories.

Mohsin What's your memory like7

Hassan a(……………………..………………………….. .

Mohsin b(……………………..………………………….. ?

Hassan Yes, I can remember numbers easily.

Mohsin Can you remember people's names easily?

Hassan c(……………………..………………………….. .

Mohsin d(……………………..………………………….. ?

Hassan No, I'm terrible at maths!

Mohsin Really? I'm not good either, but I like maths.

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2( Write what you would say in each of the following situations:

a- A friend tells you the name of a famous woman. You want to know about her job.

b- Your teacher says something in English. You do not understand very well.

c- Your mother tells you an interesting story. Express your opinion.

d- Your little brother says that he is very tired. Advise him.

3( Choose the correct answer from a, b, cord:

1 My brother …………….a lot of money from his job as a pilot.

a. going to earn b. earns c. earn d. earning

2 I always……………. ill if I go on a boat.

a. feel b. will feel c. would feel d. feeling

3 If I ………….a camera. I would take a photo of the family party.

a. had b. have c. have had d. would have

4 If you…………….. very fast. you'll catch your train.

a. ran b. running c. runs d. run

5 My brother ………….. a goal in a school football match yesterday.

a. played b. scored c. won d. took

6 If I felt tired, I'd go to bed ………………

a. early b. today c. later d. before

7 Someone who studies soil and rocks is called a/an……………..

a. surgeon b. astronaut c. geologist d. architect

8 Someone who writes for a newspaper is called a………………..

a. journalist b. champion c. teacher d. head mistress

9 Neil Armstrong …………….on the moon 1n 1969.

a. walk b. walks c. walked d. walking

10 While he ……….as a journalist, Charles Dickens was writing magazine stories.

a. works b. working c. is working d. was working

11 Something hit the car window so it was …………….

a. brave b. famous c. edited d. cracked

12 You can only use this computer if you know the …………….

a. password b. cell c. clarification d. moral

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4( Rewrite the following sentences using the word)s( in brackets, to give the same meaning.

a It's my habit to play tennis. (used)

b When did you travel to Alexandria? (ago)

c You should read this book. (If)

d Leen is always early. (comes)

5 ( Find and correct the mistakes in the following sentences:

1 lnjy is very hard-work and always does well in tests.

2 Mahmoud always understands the most complete maths problems.

3 Ms Jehan is the headmaster of our school.

4 I felt much better after I took the illness.

6( Read the following passage, then answer the questions:

The small red plane

One day last week, a small plane landed in a field near Tarek's house. Tarek phoned his friend Gamal and told him what had happened. Gamal immediately went to Tarek's house When he arrived, the boys went to the field to look at the plane.

Two men were climbing out of it One of the men asked the boys where they were, because they had no idea where their plane had landed. Tarek and Gamal told them that they had landed near AI -Minya. The two men asked the boys to telephone to get help.

After the boys had helped the men, Tarek took them back to his house. When they had told Tarek's father what had happened, one of the men phoned the plane rescue company. After a short time, a large lorry arrived, picked up the men and their plane and drove away. Suddenly, the field looked very empty.

1. When did this story happen?

2. What does it refer to in this sentence: Two men were climbing out of it?

3. Why did the men from the plane ask the boys where they were 7

4. How do you think Tarek and Gamal felt at the end of this story? Why/

5. The boys went to the field

a. as soon as Tarek saw the plane. b. after Gamal arrived at Tarek 's.

c. after the men climbed out of the plane. d. before Tarek arrived .

6. Who did the boys tell about the plane?

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a. Tarek 's father b. the police

c. the plane rescue company d. another friend

7( Answer four only:

1 What is remote sensing?

2 What was the truth that Caleb Plummer hid from Bertha?

3 Why do you think we should be grateful to great scientists like Dr EI-Baz?

4 In your opinion, what do you learn from The Cricket on the Hearth?

5 Why do you think the human brain is more complex than the most powerful computer!

6 "Sometimes people are forced to tell lies." Are you for or against this/ Say why?

8( Answer the following questions:

a What was a workhouse?

b Why didn't the orphans who Mrs Mann looked after have very much to eat?

c Why did Oliver Twist ask for more soup I

d Why did Oliver go to live at Mr Sowerberry's house?

e How do you think Oliver felt when Noah Claypole was unkind to him?

10( a Translate into Arabic:

1 Dr Mostafa EI-Sayed's work is very useful in medicine.

2 At one o'clock yesterday, I was having my lunch.

b Translate into English:

. المجاالت- شتي في العظام بعلمائهم فخورون المصريون كل

77Prepared and designed by:

Mr. Mahrous Ahmed HaikalAssiut – Sahel Seleem

Senior teacher

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city( كبيرة مدينة)

benefit / يستفيد يفيد

town) صغيرة ) تسهيالتfacilitiesمدينةcountrysideالريفquestionnaireاستبيانthe countryالريفresearchesباحثونmassive / هائل (researchضخم تعد ) ال بحثmassivenessضخامةdo research بحث يجرى

outskirts( خارج ضواحىالمدينة(

solveيحل

suburbs( داخل ضواحىالمدينة(

solutionحل

shock - يصدم تعدادcensusصدمةshockedمصدومstatisticsإحصاءterrible - رهيب حكومةgovernmentفظيعurbanحضرىpercent المائة فىurbanization / نحو للحضر

الحضرpercentage مئوية نسبة

ruralريفىproportion رقمية نسبةboringمملpopulationسكانcity centre البلد ماهولpopulatedوسط

بالسكانfurthestابعدpollutionتلوث

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vegetablesخضرواتpollutedملوثgardenحديقةincrease /زيادة يزدادchart بيانى نقص / decreaseرسم يقلworld cup العالم سببreasonكأسeventحدثworkersعمالwheel chair متحرك متاح / availableكرسى متوافرparentsوالدينagencyوكالةcapitalعاصمةmobilisationتعبئةusefulمفيدmobiliseيحشدnationامهformاستمارةnationalقومىmembersاعضاءnationallyقومياreligion / ديانة دينnationalityجنسيةeducationتعليمnationalismقوميةelectricityكهرباءinternationalدولىcomfortableمريحinternationally

مريح comfortablyدوليا بشكل

planخطهimproveيحسنplannerمخططBCE" المسيح عصر عليهقبل

"السالمmake a plan خطة sandstoيصمم

rmرملية عاصفة

draw a plan خطة aeroplaيرسمne

طائرة

pure air نقى بيانى graphهواء رسمquietnessهدوءscanيفحص

Expressions تعبيرات

nationalالتعداد القومىcensus

complete aيكمل استمارةform

the same sizeنفس حجم......do a censusيقوم بعمل تعداد79

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as.… across theفى جميع انحاء العالم

world live in the outskirtsيعيش فى ضواحي

of.…

solve aيحل مشكلةproblem

lose his jobيفقد عمله/ وظيفته

improveيحسن المدارسbuild roadsيبنى طرقschools

سكانالعالم

the world’s population.......يحي حياةlead a….life

مميزاتوعيوب

advantages and disadvantagesمنطقة حضريةurban area

rural areaمنطقة ريقيةfind workيجد عمل As far as I’mبم اننى مهتم

concernedيزداد سوءا وسوءا

get worse and worse

Examples:- The government is trying to solve the problem of over population.- Everyone wants to lead a happy life.- I don’t like to live in the outskirts of a city.- The problem of pollution is getting worse and worse.- CAMPUS does a national census every ten years.

Prepositions حروف جر

importantمهم لــــfor

furthestابعد من....from

move toينتقل الىgo upيزداد/ يذهب العلى ينتقلdifficult forصعب لــــ

من...الى...move from…to..

get toيصل الىincrease toيزداد الىat homeفى المنزلincrease inزيادة فى

out of waterخارج المياهincrease byزيادة بمقدار benefitيستفيد من

fromtake toيعتاد على/ يدمن

Thousandsاالف من....of…

answer toاجابة لـــ

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aroundحوالىask forيطلب بطول /ask aboutيسال عن

بمحازاةalong

.decide to + Infيقررhelp toيساعد ان....

decide on + nounيحددcome fromياتى من

turn offيطفىء/ يغلقcarry outينفذturn onيفتح/ يشغلenough forكاف لـــ

Examples:- A lot of people move from rural areas to urban areas.- We should plant trees along streets.- Many countries carry out a census to get correct information.- By 2030, the world’s population may increase to\by 60 percent.- It takes me 20 minutes to get to my work.- The form asks for information about members of the family in the house.- Thousands of researchers visit people’s houses across Egypt to complete a form.

- Idioms إصطالحات Pros and cons مميزات وعيوب

feel like a fish out of water (حاسس انى غريب) يشعر كالسمك خارج الماء

Feel at home يشعر وكانه فى بيته

I’ve really taken to it. لقد اعتد عليها

Examples:- Urban life has its pros and cons.- When I travel abroad, I feel like a fish out of water.- I feel at home at my friend’s house.- I can’t stop reading before I sleep. I’ve really taken to it.

Definitions 1- massive1- massive / هائل – ضخامة massiveness massiveness) ضخمmassivelymassively بضخامة) - very big.

2- outskirts 2- outskirts المدينة حارج داخل ضواحى suburbs suburbs) ضواحى (المدينة

- furthest from the city centre.81

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3- shock 3- shock / يصدم صدمة - The feeling you have when you feel very surprised.

4- terrible4- terrible / رهيب فظيع - Very bad

5- urban5- urban حضرى (urbanization urbanization / الحضر نحى للحضر ) - In a town or city

6- rural 6- rural ريفى - Of the country

7- national7- national قومى (nationalism nationalism قومية – nationalizenationalize يؤمم – nationallynationally بقومية)

- Related to a whole nation rather than to part of it. OR owned or controlled by the government.8- plan8- plan يخطط

- To think about something you want to do OR to intend to do something.9- questionnaire9- questionnaire استبيان

- A set of written questions answered by a large number of people that is used to provide information.10- researchers 10- researchers باحثون

- People who do research. 11- solve11- solve يحل (solution solution حل) - - To find an answer to a problem.

Asking for and giving opinionsAsking for and giving opinions طلب واعطاء الراىطلب واعطاء الراى

Asking for opinion: Asking for opinion:-- What is your opinion \ point of view\What is your opinion \ point of view\ viewpoint of \ about………?viewpoint of \ about………?-- What do you think of \ about………..?What do you think of \ about………..?

Giving opinions Giving opinions -- In my opinion, IIn my opinion, I think…………………………………think…………………………………

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Reading

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-- As far as I’m concerned,………………………….As far as I’m concerned,………………………….-- If you ask me, I wouldIf you ask me, I would say…………………………say…………………………-- As I see it, I think………………………………..As I see it, I think………………………………..

The national census In 1800, two percent of the world's population lived in cities. Today, it is over 50 percent and by 2030, it may increase to 60 percent. Across the world, about 180,000 people move to cities every day. It is not easy for governments to know the country's population or how many people are living in each part of large cities. For that reason, many countries carry out a census to get correct information. This is a questionnaire in which all the people of a country are asked questions about their lives. The ancient Egyptians- started doing a census in around 2500 BCE, to find out how many workers were available to build the Pyramids and how much land farmers could use along the Nile. In Egypt today, the Central Agency for Population Mobilisation and Statistics (CAPMAS) do a national census every ten years. The first modern census was in 1882 and there have been 13 more since then. Thousands of researchers visit people's houses across Egypt and ask people to complete a form. The form asks for information about members of the family in the house, their nationality, religion, education, work and health. It also asks for information about the house: the number of rooms, if it has electricity or gas, where the water comes from, etc.

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It is very important for people to complete these forms so that the government knows how comfortably people are living and can help to solve any problems. The information from the census helps the government to plan how many hospitals and roads they will need to build and where to build them. It also helps them to improve schools or build new schools if needed. This will help us all to lead better and healthier lives in the future.Reading Questions

1- What has happened to the number of people living in cities?

- It has gone up.

2- Why is it difficult for governments to know how many people live in each part of large cities? - Because many people don't give correct information.

3- What is a census? - It is a questionnaire in which all the people of a country are asked questions about their lives. OR it is a means for measuring the population.

4- Why did the ancient Egyptians do a national census? - To find out how many workers were available to build the Pyramids and how much land farmers could use along the Nile.

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5- How often does Egypt do a census? - Egypt does a census every ten years.

6- Why is it important for people to complete the forms in the national census? - So that the government knows how comfortably people are living and can help to solve any problems.

7- Why do you think the information the census gets about people’s homes is useful? - To help the government to find homes for the homeless.

8- How do you think the census can help the government to plan where to build roads and hospitals? - As it knows the crowded places and if there were these things or not.

9- How do you think the census can help the government to improve schools? - As it can provide the suitable schools for different places.

10- Why do you think some people move from the countryside to live in the city? - To look for better jobs and income.

11- What can happen to rural areas when many people move to the cities? - They may decrease and there will be less agriculture and few crops.

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12- Why do you think it is the man in the family who usually moves to find work? - Because he is created for this. A man can live without a woman. He is the breadwinner of his family.

13- How can workers from other countries benefit the cities they work in? - They can pass their experience, culture, customs and traditions. 14- What are the advantages of living in a rural area? - Life is easy, comfortable and healthy.

15- Would you like to live in a town, a large city or a small village? Why? - I would like to live in a large city as it would have all facilities. - I would like to live in a small village as there is quietness and freshness.

16- What are the pros and cons of living in a city? - The pros of living in a city are job opportunities, luxuries and health care.

17- In your opinion, what kind of information do census researchers usually collect? - They usually ask for information about members of the family in the house, their nationality, religion, education, work and health. It also asks for information about the house: the number of rooms, if it has electricity or gas, where the water comes from, etc.

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The Present Perfect Tense

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16 – What is (CAPMAS) short for? - It is short for The Central Agency for Population Mobilization and Statistics.

.الوكالة المركزية لتعبئة واحصاء السكان

FormationI. they, we, you, الجمع have + p.p ( 've + p.p )

He, she, it, المفرد has + p.p ( 's + p.p )Usageالمضارع التام هو الزمن الوحيد فى اللغة االنجليزية الذي يربط :الماضى بالحاضر إذ يستخدم لــ.يعبر عن حدث حدث فى الماضى ومازال مستمرا حتى االن (1Ex: I have lived in Sahel Seleem since 2000. ( I lived and I'm still living).

.يعبر عن حدث فى الماضى ومازالت اثارة موجودة حتى االن (2Ex: I'm tired because I have played a lot.

Key words* Since + جملة فى الماضى / بداية زمن * Since 2 o'clock / Monday / April / 1995 / last ….. /yesterday - I haven't seen Ali since Tuesday .

- She hasn't visited me since she left the town.

* For + فترة زمنية 87

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* For number + seconds / moments / minutes / hours / days / weeks / a fortnight / months / years / ages / a long time. * Just فى الحال * already بالفعل– توا

S + has / have + just / already + p.p - They have just left .

- She has already washed the dishes .

* Ever (للسؤال عن الخبرات السابقة ) سبق – من قبل Have / Has + subject + ever + p.p ……?

- Have you ever seen a lion ?

* Never ابدا Subject + has / have + never + p.p ……

- I have never seen a lion .

* Yet بعد – حتى االن Have / Has + subject + p.p …… yet ?

Subject + hasn't / haven't + p.p …… yet . - Have you finished writing the letter yet ?

- Dalia hasn't tidied the room yet .

* Recently ( فى الجملة المثبتة ) مؤخرا / حديثا - I have seen Ali many times recently .

* Lately ( فى الجملة المنفية )مؤخرا / حديثا - I haven't seen Ali lately .

Notes* S.+ have / has been to = ….went and came back ذهب إلى مكان وعاد منه

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Ex: He went to Aswan and came back.( been)

………………………………………………………………………..

* S. + have / has gone to= went and didn't come back ذهب إلى مكانومازال هناك

Ex: He went to Aswan and he is still there.

……………………………………………………………………

since + بداية حدث = for + مدة زمنية نستبدل المدة ببداية زمن والعكس صحيح since بدال من forعند وضع

- I've lived here since 2001 ( for )

…………………………………………………………………..

- She hasn't phoned me for 3 days ( since )

……………………………………………………………………..

وفى حالة النفى يمكن استخدام التركيب التالى ( يفضل مع المدد غير المحدودة (المبهمة) )

Subject + haven't \ hasn't + P.P …..for + a long time\ ages.= It's + a long time \ ages + since + subject + last + past

simple- I haven't written a letter for a long time . ( since )

……………………………………………………………………………..

- It's 3 weeks since I last spoke with him . ( for )

…………………………………………………………………………………..

Subject + last + past simple + when + Subject + past simple = Subject + haven't \ hasn't + since + Subject + past simple

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- I last saw my uncle when I was on his farm . ( since )

……………………………………………………………………………………………

- She hasn't stolen any money since she was arrested . ( stole )

………………………………………………………………………………………………

Subject + last + past simple……….مدة زمنية + ago=The last time + subject + past simple…….was + مدة زمنية +

ago. = Subject + haven't \ hasn't + P.P……for + مدة زمنية - I last took an aspirin 3 weeks ago . ( for )

…………………………………………………………………………………...

- She hasn't heard from her friend for 3 years . ( ago )

………………………………………………………………………………………….

: الحظ وحول الماضىlast وماضى بسيط قم بحذف كلمة last كلما وجدت

البسيط الى مضارع تام منفى عند التحويل. = Subject + have\ has + P.P ……………………………….…for مدة زمنية + Subject + began \started to + Inf.\ v-ing……..+ مدة زمنية

+ ago- I began to learn French 6 years ago . ( for )

…………………………………………………………………………………

- She has played tennis for 5 months . ( ago )

………………………………………………………………………………….

Subject + have \ has + never + P.P + such a \ an + adj. + noun

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= Subject + be + ( the + adj – est \ the most- adj) noun + subject + have \ has + ever + P.P

- I have never seen such a beautiful girl . ( ever )

……………………………………………………………………

- Ahmed is the tallest boy. I've ever met . ( never )

…………………………………………………………………..

للتعبير عن حدث يتم ألول مرة neverكما الحظ أيضا استخدام Subject + has / have + never + p.p ……… before

It's the first time + subject + has / have + ever + p.p- Hassan has never driven a car before. ( It's )

…………………………………………………………………………………

Subject + have\has + just + P.P= Subject + past simple + a minute\a moment\ a short

time ago- He has just taken the keys . ( ago )

………………………………………………………………………………………….

Subject + am, is, are + still + V- ing= Subject + haven't \ hasn't + finished\ stopped + V-

ing…..yet.- Hani is still doing his homework . ( yet )

…………………………………………………………………………………

- It hasn't stopped raining yet . ( still )

…………………………………………………………………………………

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1) Finish the following dialogue:Warda: OK, this is the last question in the quiz.1)…………………….

Reem : I think you should have about eight hours sleep.

Warda: That's right 2)………………….…….You got ten out of ten I

Reem : Good. I must say, it was a good quiz. You've always been good at writing them.

Warda: 3)………………. Do you think you could help me write the next quiz?

Reem : 4)………………………………. We can write it now.

2) what you would say in each of the following situations:a. Your friend asks for your opinion about his new shirt.

b. You ask your friend’s opinion about your new car.

c. You suggest going to the cinema.

d. Your friend just passed his final exams.

3) Choose the correct answer : 1- The ancient Egyptians started doing a census in (round – around – circle – oval) 2500 BCE.2- They found out some interesting information about houses I the national ( census – sensor – circle – sonar ) .3- A ( reader – researcher – reviewer – reminder) visited our house to ask us questions.

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Prepared and designed by:

Mr. Mahrous Ahmed HaikalAssiut – Sahel Seleem

Senior teacher

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4- Japan has a ( population – pollution – people – member) of 130 million . 5- Let’s answer the questions in this ( questionnaire – questioner – queue – quantum) 6- My family (plan – plane – balloon – play ) to go on holiday in August. 7- Many farmers try to ( dissolve – resolve – solve – involve ) the problem of not having enough water for their crops . 8- Egypt (makes – gives – plays – does) a national census every ten years. 9- The mountain is ( massive – wide – tiny – ordinary ) ! It is about 7,000 metres high! 10- Many countries carry (in – up –out – off) a census to get correct information.11- Researchers always ask people to complete a ( from – form – farm – firm) .12- Forms help the government know how (comfort – comfortable – comfortably – comfortless) people are living.13- He was ( shocked – shaken – chocked – shock ) when he heard the bad news.14- (Rural – Urban – Arabian – Ruler) means in a town or a city. 15- (Rural – Urban – Arabian – Ruler) means of the country. 16- (Skirts – Outskirts – Suburbs – Cities) are the parts of a town that are furthest from the city centre.17- She moved to the city because her father ( missed – lost – loosed – ate ) his job.18- Urban life has its pros and (coins – cakes – cons – cans) .19- He has built a new house ( lately – never – recently – yet ) .20- I've ( ever – never – already – yet ) flown in a plane . 21- Have you ( ever – never – yet – since ) ridden a horse ?22- He has ( just – now – yet – last ) graduated from university ?

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23- My father has gone out ( for – since – ago – when ) 2 o'clock . 24- It hasn't rained in this country ( ago – since – for – yet ) five months . 25- He has been ill ( since – for – ago – when ) yesterday . 26- The train has ( already – yet – still – ever ) left the station . 27- Have they gone to bed ( still – already – yet – just ) ?28- It is three weeks since we ( meet – have met – met – had met ) .29- The child ( have slept – is sleeping – has slept – sleep ) for ten hours . 30- I have heard a lot since I ( have started – started – start – had started ) coming to this school .31- I (work – had worked – have worked – am working) hard since I was twenty . 32- Where ( were you – have you been – had you been – will you be ) since the bell rang ? 33- Nothing interesting (happened – had happened – has happened – happens) since I last saw him . 34- I feel like a fish ( in – up – out – at ) of water when I travel abroad. 35- I’ve felt at ( house –home – homeless – building) because everyone is so friendly. 36- I think that children with (disabilities – talks – lives – types) should go to special schools 37- " ( Massive – Tiny – Terrible – Passive ) " means very big.38- This tea is (good – tasty – terrible – nice). I can’t drink it. 39- It didn’t take him long time ( getting – to get – get – to getting ) to work in the city. . 40- The city she lives is the same (weight – size – age – height) as Cairo. 41- I have known him ( for – since – already – just ) we joined the university .

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42- The writer (has finished – didn't finish – isn't finished – hasn't finished) his book yet . 43- She ( has left – left – is leaving – will leave ) for work an hour ago . 44- They ( has been – have gone – have been – going ) to the USA. They are in Cairo now . 45- Dalia has practiced her hobby ( since – for – recently – ago ) a long time . 46- About 40 ( percentage – percent – proportion – relativity) of employees are women. 47- ( Cross – Across – Pros – Actress ) the world, about 180,000 people move to cities every day.48- It's the most interesting book I (had read – have ever read – have never read – was reading) .49- Noha (will go –went –has gone – is going) swimming, she hasn't come back yet 50- I haven't visited my uncle ( for – since – ago – in ) the last month . 51- A ( Sensor – Sonar – Sense – Census ) is a questionnaire in which all people of a country are asked questions about their lives.

4) Rewrite : 1- I'm still decorating my room . ( yet )

2 He has just arrived at the party . ( ago ) 3- The last time Bill came here was in 1997 . ( Bill hasn't )

4- It's ages since I last went to a football match . ( I haven't )

5- I haven't studied English for 2 days . ( I last / since ) 95

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6- I haven't met him for a month . ( since / It's )

7- The last time I visited the pyramids was in 1995 . ( I haven't )

8- I last played football when I was on holiday . (since – I haven't)

9- I have taught in this school since 1995 . ( ago )

10- I have known him for 5 years . ( since )

11- My brother has been in London since 1998 . ( for )

12- She went shopping a moment ago . ( has )

13- I really did all my jobs . ( already )

14- It began to rain at 5 o'clock. It's still raining . ( It hasn't ) 15- Mother is still cooking . ( yet )

16- Waleed went to London and returned last Monday . ( has been )

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17- He has never gone to a circus before . ( first )

18- Did you visit Italy before now ? ( ever ) 5) Find and correct the mistakes in the following sentences:

1- The farmers use the information from the census to help us all.2- Egypt does a national sensor every ten years.3- Researchers are people who do researches.4- One day, I think that scientists will sold the problems of pollution.5- Urban life has its pros and coins.6- In 1800, two percent of the world’s pollution lived in other cities.7- Census researchers visit people’s houses across Egypt and ask people to complete a farm.8- The ancient Egyptians started making a census in around 2500 BCE.9- Thousand of researchers visit people’s houses.10- Rural means in a town or a city.6) Read the following passage, and then answer the questions : Bats are wild animals. They are the only mammals that are able to fly. Bats can be found almost anywhere in the whole world except in very cold or very hot countries. They are mostly found in tropical countries. Although we normally think of bats as animals that live in caves, they actually prefer trees as their home. In order not to be seen, they use their skin as camouflage. This helps them to make homes under big trees or under bark of trees. They like caves too, as they find it a suitably dark place to sleep during the day. Bats are nocturnal animals. This means that they rest by day and hunt at night. Most bats have very good eyesight and a keen sense of smell. A bat can see better in the dark than most of us do! A bat's diet includes fruits, nectar, meat from small animals like frogs and fish as well as insects. Their feeding habits actually help plants

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and trees to reproduce. The seeds from the fruits they eat are dropped onto the ground, which in turn grow into new plants. Bats are therefore quite useful animals.

A- Answer the following questions:

1- Where do not bats live?

2- What do bats do in order not to be seen?

3- What do bats feed on\live on?

4- How are bats useful animals?

B- Choose the correct answer:

4- The word 'nocturnal' means………….animals.

a) day b) morning c) night d) afternoon

5- Except for bats, mammals…………….

a) can't bear b) can't fly c) can't eat d) can't sleep

7) Write a paragraph of ninety words about ONE (1) only of the following:

a) The pros and cons of living in a big city. b) The importance of population census.

Translation :8. A) Translate into Arabic :

1- We should cooperate with census researchers by giving them correct data.

2- We should play a positive role in solving society’s problems. B) Translate into English :

. سنوات10تقوم مصر بعمل تعداد قومى للسكان كل -1

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gardenحديقةbare / غطاء بال عارىgardenerجناينىhay / تبن قشpoetryشعرdigيحفرpoemقصيدةlock بقفل يغلقpoetشاعرsilly / سخيف اهبلverse شعرى يفيد / benefitبيت يستفيدrhymeقافيةgravel /حصى حصوةrhythmإيقاعtoolsادواتcandleشمعةcurrant row من صف

الزبيب/ العنبhopيقفزplot ارض قطعةpleasantسارpinching

toesمن متجمدة اصابع

البردpleasureمتعةlayيضعswing /يتارجح barroارجوحة

wبعجلة / عربة برويطة

واحدةtreasureكنزprofit / يستفيد فائدةsunny day مشمس حكمة wiserيوم اكثرrainy day ممطر اطفال Indian warsيوم لعبةhealthyصحىpath /طريق ممرunhealthy صحى ودود unfriendlyغير غيرgrandmother

اختالفdifferenceجدة

grandchildren

مختلفdifferentاحفاد

parentsوالدينdifferيختلفfight - /يقاتل قتال كهرباءelectricityمعركة

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headacheصداعmouse\mice / فئران فأرmedicine - طب يخاف - fearدواء خوفchemist - صيدلية حديثا/ recentlyصيدلى مؤخراadultsبالغينcarrotsجزرtogetherسوياdo a favour معروفا يسدى

Prepositions حروف جرput….awayيرتبwrite aboutيكتب عن

profit fromيستفيد منlay…..downيضع

go awayيذهب بعيداplay withيلعب معon the beachعلى الشاطىء…stay onيبقى / يظل فى

Examples:- Children love digging in the sand on the beach.- The poet asks the gardener to lay the barrow down.- You must profit from your free time.- The gardener puts his tools away.

Definitions 1- candle1- candle شمعة - Something you burn to produce light.- Something you burn to produce light.

2- hop 2- hop يقفز

- to move by jumping on one foot.3- pleasant 3- pleasant سار - Something which is enjoyable, nice or good.

4- rhythm4- rhythm ايقاع - a repeated sound in music, poems, etc.

5- swing 5- swing ارجوحة - A moving seat that children play on.

6- treasure6- treasure كنز

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- gold, silver, money, etc. that someone has hidden.7- verse7- verse يخطط - lines that form one part of a poem.

8- bare8- bare / غطاء بال عارى - not covered by anything.

9- plot 9- plot ارض قطعة - small piece of land for growing things on.

10- hay10- hay / قش تبن - It is dried grass that people use to feed animals.

11- dig11- dig يحفر - To move something in or under soil using a tool.

12- lock12- lock بقفل يغلق - To close something using a key.

13- silly13- silly احمق - not clever or sensible.

14- benefit14- benefit – يستفيد يفيد - To get something good or useful from a situation.

Making polite requests and repliesMaking polite requests and replies الطلب المؤدب والردالطلب المؤدب والرد

Making polite requests: Making polite requests:-- Can \ Could you do me a favour?Can \ Could you do me a favour?-- Could you do something for me?Could you do something for me?-- Could you possibly……………..?Could you possibly……………..?-- I wonder if you could………….I wonder if you could………….-- Do you think you could………….?Do you think you could………….?

Responding to requests: Responding to requests: -- Certainly.Certainly.

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-- Yes, what is it?Yes, what is it?-- No problem.No problem.-- That’s not a problem.That’s not a problem.-- Yes, of course.Yes, of course.-- No, I’m afraid I can’t.No, I’m afraid I can’t.

Robert Louis Stevenson was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1850. He began to write novels when he was a young man. His novel Treasure Island was very popular with children. He wrote a child’s Garden of Verses in 1885. The Rain is a poem from a child’s Garden of verses.

The GardenerThe gardener does not love to talk.

He makes me keep the gravel walk, And when he puts his tools away,

He locks the door and takes the key. Away behind the currant row,

Where no one else but cook may go, Far in the plots, I see him dig, Old and serious, brown and big. He digs the flowers, green, red, and blue,

Nor wishes to be spoken to,102

Listening

Reading

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He digs the flowers and cuts the hay, And never seems to want to play. Silly gardener! Summer goes,

And winter comes with pinching toes, When in the garden bare and brown,

You must lay your barrow down. Well now, and while the summer stays, To profit by these garden days,

Oh how much wiser you would be, To play at Indian wars with me!

Some definitions and explanations:

keep the gravel walk = stay on the path through the garden currant row = a line of plants that have small fruits barrow = something with one wheel that gardeners use to carry things from the garden pinching toes = toes that hurt because of the cold Indian wars = a children's game

Reading QuestionsAnswer the following questions:

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1- What is A Child’s Garden of verses? It is a book of poems.

2- Where was Robert Louis Stevenson born? He was born in Edinburgh, Scotland 3- What is “Treasure Island”? It was a book which was very popular with children

4- When did Stevenson become famous? When he was a young man.

5 – What is the title of the poem? It is called "The Gardener".

6 – Does the speaker like the gardener? Why/ Why not? No, he doesn’t because he wants him to stop working.

7 – Why does the gardener not do much in the winter? Because of the pinching toes.

8 – Which words rhyme in the poem? The words dig and big, talk and walk.

9 – How many verses does the poem have? It has five verses.

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10 - What do the first two lines of the poem tell us about the gardener? He doesn't like to talk and keeps the walk.

11 – When does the gardener put his tools away? After finishing his tasks.

12 – Why does the writer call the gardener silly? Because he doesn't play with the speaker and makes him work.

13 – Why is the garden bare and brown? Because the summer goes and winter comes.

14 – Do you think people should follow rules in gardens? Why or why not? Yes, people should follow rules in gardens to keep them clean and beautiful.

15- Which do you prefer to read, poems or stories? Say why? I prefer to read stories because I can understand them and makes me imagine.

16- Do you think a gardener does an important job? Why or why not?

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Yes, a gardener does an important jobs in keeping a garden clean and beautiful.

االتيةياتىورائهافعلبه االتيةياتىورائهافعلبه االفعالوالتعبيرات .. ingingاالفعالوالتعبيراتDeny, admit, practice, enjoy, avoid, finish, consider, forgive, mind, resist, imagine, suggest, keep, feel like, look forward to, be used to, can’t help, can’t stop, be worth, it is no use of, take to, be accustomed to, be busy,Ex: The thief denied stealing the money.Ex: It is no use crying over spilt milk.Ex: I’m accustomed to getting up early.

أفعالاالتيةلهاحاالتخاصة :أفعالاالتيةلهاحاالتخاصة :االاال suggest, recommend, insist

1 ) S. + suggest\ recommend\ insistsuggest\ recommend\ insist + V-ing.2) S. + suggest \ recommend \ insistsuggest \ recommend \ insist + S. + Inf. ,…….3) S. + suggest \ recommend \ insistsuggest \ recommend \ insist + S. + should + Inf.,…….Ex: Mona suggested going to the cinemaEx: We suggest Sahar see a doctor.Ex: We suggest Sahar should see a doctor.

االفعالاالتيةياتىورائها االفعالاالتيةياتىورائهاV- ingV- ing أو أوto + Infto + Inf. .معوجوداختالفبسيطفىالمعنى. معوجوداختالفبسيطفىالمعنى. Love, like, prefer

ورائها اتى ورائها v-ingفاذا اتى اذا اما عموما شىء عن تعبر تعبر. to + Infفانها فانهاخاص شىء عن

Ex: I love \ like drinking tea. ( in general )Ex: I love \ like to drink tea. ( now)

االتيةياتىورائها االتيةياتىورائها االفعالوالتعبيرات ... . to + Infto + Infاالفعالوالتعبيرات

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Offer, plan, expect, threaten, promise, expect, hope, agree, disagree, prove, refuse, arrange, decide, fail, manage, appear, afford, seem, prove, used toEx: I used to play football when I was young.Ex: He managed to overcome his pro problems alone.Ex: I hope to be a doctor.

االفعالاالتيةياتىورائها االفعالاالتيةياتىورائهاV- ingV- ing أو أوto + Infto + Inf .بدوناختالففىالمعنى. بدوناختالففىالمعنىStart, begin, continueEx: The sky started to rain\ raining.Ex: He continued to write\ writing.

/ يمكنأنيأتي التصوريةاالتية يمكنأنيأتي / أفعالاالدراك التصوريةاالتية له. infبعدها بعدها أفعالاالدراك مضاف فعل له. أو مضاف فعل وجود ingأو وجود مع مع: المعني في :اختالف المعني في اختالف

see, hear, smell, feel, notice, watch, observeنهتم كله فاننا بالحدث . inf. مهتمين الحدث فاننا من ورائها بجزء اتى اذا اما ing فاذا

ورائها اتىEx: I heard her sing a lovely song. (As I sat listening, she started singing a song and I listened to her until she finished it.)Ex: I heard her singing a song as I walked past her room. (. Anyway, I didn’t hear the entire song.)

بعدها بعدها األفعالاآلتيةيمكنأنيأتي األفعالاآلتيةيمكنأنيأتيto + inf .له مضاف فعل له. أو مضاف فعل وجود ingأو وجود مع مع: المعني في :اختالف المعني في اختالف

Stop, remember, forget, regret, try stop to + infinitive يتوقف لكي يفعل شيئا Ex: He stopped to smoke. = He stopped in order to smoke. stop + gerund يتوقف عن عمل شيء Ex: He stopped smoking. = He no longer smokes. remember to + infinitive ( يتذكر أوال ثم يفعل ) يتذكر أن يقوم بعمل شيء Ex: He remembered to meet his friend. remember + gerund يتذكر )يقوم بعمل شيء ثم يتذكر أنه فعله ( يفعل أوال ثم Ex: He remembered meeting his friend.

forget to + infinitive (لم يفعله النه نسى) ينسي أن يفعل شيئا 107

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Ex: Nadia forgot to do her homework. forget + gerund يفعل شيئا ثم ينسي أنه فعله Ex: Nadia forgot doing her homework.

regret to + infinitive يشعر باألسف ألن يقول أو يخبر شخص شيئا ما Ex: He regretted to say that my brother had an accident. = He was sorry that it was necessary to say it. regret + gerund يشعر بالندم علي شيء حدث Ex: He regretted saying that my brother had an accident.= He was sorry that he had said it.

try to + infinitive (وغالبا ال ينجح) يحاول عمل شيء Ex: The prisoner tried to escape, but he was caught. try + gerund يقوم بعمل شيء ليري نتيجته / يجرب عمل شيء)) Ex: Try taking an aspirin. = Take an aspirin and see the result.

Practice1- It's not a good idea to smoke . ( avoid ) ………………………………………………………………………2- I have written the litter. ( writing ) ………………………………………………………………………3- I would like you to open the door . ( mind ) ……………………………………………………………………… 4- I felt sorry that I had met him ( regret ) ………………………………………………………………………5- the thief said that he had stolen the jewellery . ( admitted )……………………………………………………………………… 6- I agree to wait for you. ( waiting )………………………………………………………………………7- He succeeded in answering all the questions. ( managed )

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………………………………………………………………………

Find and correct the mistakes in these sentences: (workbook page )a) To be good at music, you have to practise to play every dayb) Rami offered to help his grandmother with his shopping.c) Nabil has decided buying a new computer.d) Yasser plans working abroad next year.e) Taha has always enjoyed to read poetry.f) Huda hopes spending a week with her aunt and uncle.g) Young children like learning to song.h) To stay warm in co ld weather, you've got to keep to move.i) When Karim finished running, he is very tired .j) He found the film quite frightening, so he stopped to watch it

A) Write what you would say in each of the following situations:1. You have left one of your schoolbooks at the office of teacher. Ask this teacher if he/she could bring it to school for you tomorrow.2. You would like to use a friend's phone to make an important call.

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3. You've forgotten what you need to do for homework tonight. Ask your friend.4. Your grandmother needs help carrying some bags into your flat.

B) Choose the correct answer : 1- Children love ( digging – begging – dogging – dipping ) in the sand on the beach.2- In winter, farmers sometimes give their sheep( guy – hey – hay – high ) to eat3- Don’t forget to ( lock – lick – lack – book ) the door when you leave house.4- The hotels in this city hope to profit ( of – for – from – at ) the new airport.5- Children can sometimes be (silly – solid – sully – sally) when they play together. 6- The mother told her children not to go outside with ( bare – bore – par – bored ) feet.7- My grandfather usually has lots of carrots from his vegetables ( plot – plate – put – bat ) 8- There was no electricity in the house, so we had to use a (candy – barrow – knife – candle ) .9- They found an old ship under the water which they think is full of (pleasures – treasures – candles – verses ) 10- A ( poet – novelist – journalist – critic ) is the person who writes poems . 11- I don’t like this music. It doesn’t have any (rhyme – rhythm – verses – treasure) 12- It was very ( please- pleasure – pleasant – unpleasant ) sitting in the park at the end of a hot day.

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13- For homework, we have to write the first (verity- versa – vice – verse) of a poem14- It is better to avoid ( use – using – to use – used ) insecticides . 15- I'd like ( to buy – buying – bought – will buy ) my own car, but cars are so expensive . 16- I'm planning ( buying – to buy – bought – to be bought ) a new computer . 17- We really enjoy ( to live – living – lived – be lived ) in Alex . 18- He refused ( to apologise – apologise – apologizing – apologized ) for what he had done 19- You should stop ( smoke – smoking – to smoke – smoked ) it's very bad for your health . 20- What have you decided ( doing – to do – done – did ) this evening ?21- The Eiffel Tower is a tall metal ( structure – tube – bar – case ) . 22- Who taught you ( to drive – drive – driving – driven ) ?23- Nader was in a difficult situation, so I agreed (lending – to lend – lend – to lending) him some money . 24- I don't fancy ( going – go – to go – went ) out this evening . 25- I'll do the shopping when I've finished ( to clean – cleaning – cleans – cleaned ) the flat . 23- He learned ( driving – drive – to drive – to driving ) a car . 27- My brother suggested ( go – going – to go – to going ) to Alexandria for the holiday 28- Keep ( run – running – ran – to run ) and never stop . 29- He is ashamed ( with – from – to – of ) their rude .

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30- Will you come ( to fish – fish – fishing – fishes ) with us tomorrow ? 31- He offered ( help – helping – to help – helped ) us . B) Rewrite the following sentences using the words in brackets to give the same meaning 1- I didn't want to see him . ( seeing )

2- I've written the letter . ( finished )

3- I refuse to hear this story . ( can't stand )

4- he said he didn’t take the money . ( denied )

5- I want you to help me . ( mind )

6- I dislike driving long distances . ( agree )

7- he felt sorry he left his job . ( regretted )

8- he told me he would help me . ( promised )

9- I agree to wait for you . ( mind )

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10-Our neighbour told us he would call the police if we didn't stop the noise. (threatened)

11- it's a good idea not to go out at night . ( avoid )

12- it's her interest to watch TV . ( enjoys )

13- they are going to stay at home . ( decided )

5) Find and correct the mistakes in the following sentences:

1- Could you possible help me?2- A Child’s Garden of Verses is a book of poets.3- When it is dark, we sometimes light candies.4- Current row is a line of plants that have small fruits.

7) Write a paragraph of ninety words about ONE (1) only of the following:

a) A story or a poem you have recently read. b) My house garden.

D) Translate into Arabic :1-In spring flowers flourish and trees become green.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

2-My mother always asks me not to go out bare foot.

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…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

* Translate into English : .احب قراءة القصص عن القصائد الشعرية حيث انها تنمى خيالى -1

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

trafficمرورstoreيخزنtraffic jamإزدحام المرورrechargeيشحنtraffic lightsإشارات المرورelectricكهربى

rush hourساعة الذروةdamageيدمر/ يتلفcrowdedمزدحمprotectيحمى

Naturalطاقة طبيعيةenergy

navigationمالحة

inspectionتقتيشWind powerطاقة الرياحinspectيفتشSolar powerطاقة شمسية

inspectorمفتشWater powerطاقة الماء طاثة المد

والجزرTidal powerبيئةenvironment

Vegetableزيت نباتىengineerمهندس مدنى oil

pollutionتلوثamountكميةpolluteيلوثexpertsخبراءpopulationسكانbrightالمع

fumesعوادمsubstitutionتعويض/ بديل

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Tomorrow's World

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airbagوسادة هوائيةsubstituteيستعيض/ يبدلdashboardتابلوه السيارةalternativesبدائلengineمحرك/ موتورblameيلومrouteطريقaffectيؤثرbatteryبطاريةeffect (on)تأثيرreplacementإحالل / بديلeffectiveفعال

replaceيستبدلmake energyيولد طاقةvehiclesمركباتget betterيتحسن

natural gasغاز طبيعىget worseيزداد سوءاoilبترول/ زيتbreatheيتنفسpetrolبنزينbreathتنفس

fuelوقود/ يزود بالوقودpure airهواء نقى بأسرع ما

as soon asيمكنpossible

lungsرئتين

chestصدرtake overيتولى مسؤليةlocationموقعdesignيصمم

\locate (inيقع فىarrangementترتيب/ إعدادon)

efficiencyكفاءةintentionنيةefficient (in)كفءpredictionتوقعefficientlyبكفاءةdecisionقرار

lead toيؤدى الىrun onيدور بـــــresult inيؤدى الىrun outينضب / ينفذ

result fromينتج منrun out ofينفذ ما لديه منplan forخطه لـــrun awayيهرب

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Prepositions حروف جر

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plan toيخطط لــــrun intoيقابل بالصدفةprotect fromيحمى منfill withيمتلىء بـــــيلوم......عل

ىblame…..forيجفdry up

.……blameيلقى لوم...علىon

problem ofمشكلة.....

problem withمشكلة بــــشىء + work onيصلحtype\sort ofنوع منشخص + work onيقنع

form ofشكل منwork forيعمل لدى Language Notes

♥ S. + let + obj. + Inf. = S. + allow\permit + Obj. + to + Inf. يسمح/ يدع Ex: My father let me go out. ( allow) ………………………………………………………………

♥ S. + have\has + good\bad effect on + Obj. = S. + affect + obj. + well\badly. Ex: Smoking affects your health badly. (effect) …………………………………………………………………

Definitions1- navigation1- navigation المالحةالمالحة -When you decide which direction to go in. \ Which road to take while traveling.2- vegetable oil2- vegetable oil ( نباتى – حيوى ) وقود ( نباتى – حيوى )وقود

- oil is made from vegetables.3- pollution3- pollution تلوثتلوث ( polluted( polluted ملوثملوث - - pollutepollute يلوثيلوث ))

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- the process of polluting the water, air or land.4- fumes4- fumes أبخرة عادمأبخرة عادم

- unpleasant gases or smoke which we breathe in.5- airbag5- airbag وسادة هوائيةوسادة هوائية

- a bag in a car that fills with air to protect people in an accident.6- route 6- route خط السير – طريقخط السير – طريق

- the way from one place to another.7- battery7- battery بطاريةبطارية

- Something that provides electrical power for a toy machine or car.8- replacement8- replacement بديل – إحاللبديل – إحالل ( replace( replaceيحل محليحل محل )) - Someone or something that replaces another person or thing.

Cars without oil The problems of cars exhaust gases

Air pollution is a big problem for people and the environment. If you sit in traffic jam in Cairo, your lungs will fill with the exhaust fumes from cars, buses and Lorries. Air which is polluted by exhaust fumes can damage your health as well as the environment.

Better engines and natural gas

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Reading

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Scientists are working on the problem of exhaust pollution. Now, all cars burn petrol more efficiently than in the past. Scientists have also designed engines which use natural gas, and many buses in Cairo and other cities use these engines.

Electric cars

Engineers also designed electric cars that use batteries. The batteries in early electric cars could not store as much fuel as petrol vehicles. This meant that they could not travel as far or as fast as petrol cars. Now, however, engineers have designed cars which use both electricity and petrol. When the battery is empty the petrol engine takes over, and when the car uses petrol, this recharges the battery. These cars can go further, using the same amount of petrol as ordinary cars.

The newest ideas Scientists have also discovered that cars can run on vegetable oil, which mean, that farmers will be able to grow fuel in their fields. And now engineers are working on a new type of car battery which makes energy out of hydrogen and oxygen. Experts believe that we may be able to buy cars using these batteries in the next ten years. The end of oil

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We know that at some time in the future, there will be no oil in the world, so we need to find replacement for petrol as soon as possible.

Questions & Answers1- Why is air pollution a big problem ? » Because it can damage people’s health as well as the environment.

2- What is the disadvantage of batteries in early electric cars ? » They couldn’t store as much fuel as petrol vehicles.

3- What are the advantages of petrol electric cars ? » When the battery is over, the petrol engine takes over.

4- What are the causes of air pollution? » Exhaust fumes coming from cars and buses.

5- How are engines in today’s cars better than in the past ? » They burn petrol more efficiently.

6- How are cars that use petrol and batteries better than early electric cars?

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Prepared and designed by:

Mr. Mahrous Ahmed HaikalAssiut – Sahel Seleem

Seior teacher

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» Early electric cars could not store as much fuel as petrol vehicles. The new car can travel further and faster than the early electric cars.

7- What may car batteries use in the future? » A new type of car battery which makes energy out of hydrogen and oxygen.

8- Why is it so important for us to find a replacement for petrol soon ? » Because in the future there will be no oil in the world and we will need energy badly.

9- What will all cars use in the future? » In the future, cars will use vegetable oil or batteries.

10- What will happen if you sit in a traffic jam? » Your lungs will fill with the exhaust fumes from cars, buses and lorries.

11- What can we do about the problem of pollution? »- We can use electric cars.

- We can use cars which burn fuel efficiently.- We can plant more trees.- We can move factories to places where no people live.- We can use public transport instead of using private cars all

the time.

12- What will we be able to do one day? » One day, we will be able to breathe clean air.

13- How will farmers be able to "grow fuel" in their fields?

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» Scientists have discovered that cars can run on vegetable oil so farmers can grow vegetables in their fields that produce this oil.

14- What can you do in your life now to conserve energy? » By using less electricity and using public transportation more.

Vocabulary1- He -------------------us to go home early. a- allowed

b- let c – refused

d- regretted

2- If there is a problem………your car engine, I usually take it to the mechanic. a- with b- in c – from d- for 3- I got stuck in a traffic……….for 45 minutes on the way to work today.

a- gem b- gym c – jam d- jaw 4- The policeman let me -----------------my car.

a- to park b- parked c – parking d- park5- Engineers are now working………a new type of car battery.

a- for b- on c –in d- at6- Most of our cars run-----------------------petrol.

a- with b- by c – on d- out 7- -----------------------is one of the most difficult problems.

a- pollute b- polluted c – pollution d- pollutes8- The problem of pollution is getting……….every year.

a- bad b- badly c – worst d- worse

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9-Today, car engines burn petrol more………than in the past.

a- efficiently b- sufficiently c – quickly d- successfully

10- When we breathe, our………..fill with air.a- legs b- hearts c – ears d-lungs

11- The world's supplies of oil will -----------------up in the future.

a- run b- go c – carry d- dry12- Most people in Cairo suffer from the……..….fumes of cars.

a- exhaust b- exhausted c – exhausting

d- exhaustion

13- I had to drive seven hours during the evening ------------hour.

a- rash b-hurry c – crowd d-rush 14- He phoned to ------------sure that we get home.

a- take b- make c – do d- have 15- The school………….visits classrooms to make sure that teachers follow the rules correctly..

a- inspector b- driver c – apprentice d- sailor 16- Pollution has a bad…………………..on our health.

a- affect b- effective c – effect d – effectively17- Cars, buses, vans and lorries are all………………...

a- planes b- ships c – trains d- vehicles18- The police blamed the careless driver………the accident.

a- on b- for c – to d- at 19- Do you have an………….solution to the problem?

a- alternate b- alternation c – d-alert 122

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alternative20- A car………….inflates and stops you from being injured in a crash.

a- airline b- airflow c – airbag d-air force 21- Wind power is a form of natural…………

a- air b- gas c – oil d-energy

Future for plans, arrangements, predictions.

. إستخدام المستقبل للتعبير عن الخطط، الترتيبات، التنبؤات1. The future simple :

[ Subject + will + inf. ] : نستخدم المستقبل البسيط للتعبير عن

Facts in the future) 1 المستقبل .فيللتعبير عن حقيقة I will be seventeen next year.

Prediction in the future) 2للتنبؤ بأحداث مستقبلية . She will succeed this year. I think Al-Zamalek will win the match.

)3عندما نعبر عن قرار أتخذ بسرعة بدون ترتيب مسبق . Quick decision

Someone is knocking, I'll open the door. offer) 4لعرض عمل شيء ما أو تقديم خدمة

I'll wash the dishes for you, Mum. making arrangements) 5لعمل ترتيبات

I'll wait for you at 7 o'clock at the bus stop. threat) 6للتهديد

I'll dial the police if you don't leave now. )7للوعود

promise I will buy you a present if you come first.

:يستخدم المستقبل البسيط غالبا بعد افعال وتعبيرات مثلPredict, expect, hope, believe, think, I'm sure, perhaps

Ex: I expect that Al Zamalek will win the next match.

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Ex: I hope that Mai will pass the exam. . probably وللتعبير عن احداث مستقبلية قد تحدث او ال تحدث نستخدم كلمة

Ex: It's probably that Asmaa will attend the meeting.Practice

1- I have offered to lend you some money . ( will )

………………………………………………………………………………..

2- He promised to reward his son . ( will )

………………………………………………………………………………

3- I expect Ali to pass the test . ( will )

……………………………………………………………………………………..

4- He will punish us if we make this mistake again . ( threatened )

……………………………………………………………………………………….

2. "Going to" to express plans and intentions: [ Subject + am, is, are + going to +inf. ]

" للتعبير عن : be Going toنستخدم " intention or plan. نية أو قصد أو شيء خطط له من قبل . 1

I'm going to travel to Luxor next week. I plan to travel to Luxor She is going to have a party next month. She intends to have a party

حدث في المستقبل وشيك الحدوث أو هناك دالئل على .1حدوثه ( تنبؤ ) وخصوصا مع:

Look, listen, watch out. The sky is full of dark clouds. It's going to rain. Look! This tree is going to fall.

:مالحظات جميلة جدا : be going to . و will + Inf ) الفرق بين 1

وإذا كان التنبؤ مجرد رأى شخصىgoing to- إذا كان التنبؤ قائم على دليل استخدم willاستخدم

أما إذا كان القرار فى الماضىwill- أما إذا كان القرار اتخذ االن إستخدم going toاستخدم

Practice1- I intend to buy that house . ( going ) ( am )

…………………………………………………………………………

2- We have planned to spend the summer holiday in Alex . ( going )

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…………………………………………………………………………

3- I'm going to study abroad . ( decided )

………………………………………………………………………….

4- Do you intend to join the university ? ( going )

………………………………………………………………………..

3.The present continuous: [ Subject + am, is, are + V-ing ] نستخدم المضارع المستمر للتعبير عن حدث مستقبلي تم اإلعداد له مسبقا

: وتحديده I'm leaving early today. I've arranged it with the boss. I'm travelling to London this evening. I've booked the ticket.

هناك أفعال شائعة االستخدام مع المضارع المستمر للتعبير عن:المستقبل مثل

( go, come, see, visit, meet, leave, to have.) I'm seeing my dentist tomorrow morning. I've an appointment.

Practice 1- We arranged to fly to London tomorrow . ( flying )

……………………………………………………………………………

2- I arranged to meet him next Monday . ( meeting )

…………………………………………………………………………….

Choose the correct answer:`1- He hasn't studied hard. I think he-------------------this exam.

a- will fail b- fails c – is going to fail d- failed

2- You -------------------it if you aren't careful.

a-are breaking b-will break c – have broken d- are going to break

3- My brother -----------------twenty next week.

a- will be b- is being c – is going to be d- is

4- The sky is cloudy, I think it-----------------------------------.

a- is going to rain b- has rained c – will rain d- would rain

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5- The ceiling of the room doesn't look very safe, it ----------------------.

a- will fall b- is falling c – is going to fall d- falls

6- I------------------my uncle at the airport at six o'clock.a- am going to meet b- am meeting c – will meet d- meet

7- What will you -------------------tomorrow?

a- do b- doing c – are doing d- going to do

8- If you play well, you----------------------the match.

a- is going to win b-win c – will win d- would win

9- He -------------------to London next week, he has booked the tickets.

a- traveling b- is traveling c – will travel d- travels

10- He is filling the bucket with water. He ----------------------the car.

a- will wash b- washes c- has washed d- is going to wash

11- We are saving up because we ---------------------------buy a car.

a- will b- are being c – are going to d- would

12- You -------------punished if you make that mistake again.

a- will be b- is being c – is going to be d- is

13- I------------------work in an hour. I have arranged it with my boss.

a- will leave b- am leave c – will d- am going to leave

14- How old are you?- I………….37 next February.

a- am b- am going to be c – will be d- am being

15- I expect the next match…………….much more difficult.

a- will be b- is going to be c – is being d- has been

16- Go and see that film. I'm sure that you………………it.

a- will enjoy b- are enjoying c – are going to enjoy d-enjoy

17- Keep quiet or I …………you out of the class.

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a- am sending b- will send c – send d-am going to send

18- Perhaps, my family…………go to Paris the next holiday.

a- are going to b- going to c – shall d-will

19- Look out! The rock is loose. It……………on your head.

a- is going to fall b- will fall c – is falling d- falls

20- Look! He………..off his bike.

a- will fall b- is going to fall c – falls d-will have fallen

Supply the missing parts in the following dialogue:Seham : where are you going on holiday?Reham : ----------------------------(1)---------------------------------------.Seham : Why are you going to Sharm Elsheikh?Reham :-----------------------------(2)---------------------------------------.Seham :-----------------------------(3)---------------------------------------?Reham : My father and my two sisters.Seham :-----------------------------(4)--------------------------------------?Reham : We are going to leave on Friday.

Rewrite the following sentences using the words in brackets: 1 – They have arranged to start a new business. ( going to)

2- I prefer reading books to watching films. ( rather)

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3- I'll resign if I don't get a pay rise. (threatened)

4- Perhaps he will arrive tomorrow. (may)

5- I plan to complete my study abroad. (going)

5) Find and correct the mistakes in the following sentences: 1- if you sit in a traffic jam, your lungs will fill with the smoke from cars.2- We can lead a better life thanks to scientific exhaust.3- Today’s cars run more sufficiently than in the past.4- We need petrol in order to breathe and live.Read the following passage then answer the questions: Mr. Ibrahem has been driving a car for several years and he had always been a very careful driver. He often drove into town and he had to pass traffic lights on the way. One day the first traffic lights were just changing from green to red when he passed them. Almost at once, a policeman ordered him to stop. And asked him why he hadn't stopped at the red light. He

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answered that he was afraid to stop suddenly because if a car had been just behind him, it might have his. The policeman answered angrily that there was no excuse and only foolish drivers who were driving close behind him would do so. The policeman warned him to be more careful but he didn't fine him and let him pass. Mr. Ibrahem thanked the policeman and drove very careful to the next traffic lights where he had to stop suddenly when he the light changed. At the same moment something hit his back of his car. When he looked around he saw the same policeman. The front tyre of his car was pressed against the back of Ibrahem's car.Answer the following questions:

1-Why did the policeman stop Mr. Ibrahem?2-Who hit Mr. Ibrahim's car? Why?3-Show that the policeman was kind-hearted man.4-What does the black typed word refer to?

Choose the correct answer:1-The policeman was----------------------driver.a- careful b- careless c- carefree d- modest 2-Mr. Ibrahem was---------when he saw the same policeman hit

his car.a- happy b- worried c- pleased d- surprised

7) Write a paragraph of ninety words about ONE (1) only of the following:

a) How we can protect the environment. b) Pollution.

Translation

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A) Translate into Arabic: In fact, pollution is considered man's enemy. Many of our serious diseases are due to the different kinds of pollution. The government all over the world should co-operate to put an end to this serious problem.……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….B) Translate into English:

يجب ان نشجع الطالب علي االشتراك في االنشطه المدرسيه.-

…………………………………………………………………………………

يحاول العلماء إيجاد مصادر جديدة للطاقة.-

…………………………………………………………………………………

- للتلوث أنواع عده منها التلوث البيئى والتلوث السمعى والتلوث البصرى.

.…………………………………………………………………………………

shoreشاطىءconflictصراعspadeجاروفIn conflictفى صراع

beachبالجDepend onيعتمد على

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Prepared and designed by:

Mr. Mahrous Ahmed HaikalAssiut – Sahel Seleem

Seinor teacher

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donationتبرع New citiesيربح ماال comfortableظروف مريحةdonateيتبرع

conditionspopulationسكانdonorمتبرع

industrial cityمدينة صناعيةdroughtجفاف / قحطeconomic cityمدينة اقتصاديةdraughtتيار هواء شديدthe home ofموطن لــــharvestحصاد - يحصد

home toموطن لـــhungerجوعpopular withمحبوب/ مشهور لــhungryجائع

near toبالقرب منmalnourishedسوء التغذيةmove awayيبعدshortageنقص

Reason forسبب لـــfightingمحاربةprovideيمد / يزودcommonشائع / معروف

replaceيستبدلin commonمشترك عمال الجمعيات

charityالخيريةworkers

different fromمختلف عن

portميناءcropsمحاصيل geneticهندسة وراثية

engineering Foodبرنامج غذاء

programmeregionalاقليمىsuffer fromيعانى من

Reading

New Cities Egypt has the world’s largest programme of city building. Between 1989 and 2009, the country built 20 cities and is now planning to build 45 more. Some of these cities are popular with companies who want their workers to live in comfortable conditions near to their place of work. An example is Sadat City, a large industrial city between Cairo and Alexandria. The government built these new

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cities because the population of Cairo had become too large. Until 1960, Rio de Janeiro had always been Brazil’s capital. In 1960, a completely new city in the middle of the country became the capital. Called Brasilia, the city now has a population of about three million and is the home of the country’s government. Many people from all over the country helped to build Brasilia. When the city was finished, these workers did not want to go home, so new villages were built near to the city where they could live.

Saudi Arabia also has a new city building programme and is going to build six new cities in the next few years. The most important of these will be King Abdullah Economic City ( KAEC). It is on the Red Sea 100 km north of Jeddah and will be the country’s most important port. They started building KAEC in 2006. They hope to finish it in 2025. When it is complete, the city will cover 388 square kilometers, be home to two million people and provide one million jobs.Extra Reading

Fighting world hunger Huger was common among poor people everywhere in Charles Dickens’s time, and it is still a big problem in many parts of the world. Charity workers think that there are about 925 million hungry people in the world today. One charity, The World Food Programme, helps to feed more than 90 million malnourished people in 70 different countries every year.

Scientists say that there is enough food for everyone in the world and that nobody needs to suffer from hunger. So why are there so many hungry people? One reason is that there are poor harvests after a drought. Most crops do not grow when there is not enough water. This means that the price of ordinary 132

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food, like rice or bread, goes up in poorer countries. War or regional conflicts can also lead to food shortages. So how are charities helping people? The World Food Programme has 30 ships, 70 planes and 5, 000 lorries which take food and other help to the areas that need it most. In recent years, this charity, which depends on donations, has worked in East Africa, Pakistan, Afghanistan and Sudan. Charities do everything they can to help and scientists are growing new crops using genetic engineering to produce more food. Still, hunger will continue to be a problem for many years.

Reading Questions

1 ) Why do you think some countries are building new cities? To move people away from other big cities which are crowded with people.2) How are new cities different from old cities? New cities will be new in every aspects, houses, schools, hospitals…etc. Even life will be new.3) Would you like to live in a new city? Why \ Why not? Yes, I’d like to live in a new city. There I can start a new life with new people. No, I wouldn’t like to live in new cities as I can’t leave my old friends and the place where I was born.4) Why are there many hungry people although there is enough food? What are the causes of hunger? Because of droughts, the high prices of food, wars and regional conflicts.5) What do charities and scientists do to solve the problem of hunger? Charities do everything they can to help and scientists are growing new crops using genetic engineering to produce more food.6) What do charities depend on?

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They depend on donations.

Workbook Revision B

1 Finish the following dialogue:

Leila : I think it's the hottest day of the year today.

Sara : a(………………………………….. . It was hotter last week.

Leila : Could you do me a favour?

Sara : b(………………………………………………………………..

Leila : Can you open the window?

Sara : c(………………………………………………………………..

Leila : d(………………………………….. …..It's too hot inside.

Sara : Go to the park? That's a good idea!

2 Write what you would say in each of the following situations:

a. A friend asks you why there are so many cars outside the school. Give reasons.

b. Your brother/sister asks you to help him/her with some homework. You do not have time to do this.

c. You would like a student in your class to help you with a maths question. You do not know the student very well.

d. You read the same book as your friend. Your friend says that the book is very good. You think the same.

3 Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:

1- When John first moved to Cairo from England, he felt like a ……… out of water.

a. boat b. fish c. man d. cat

2- It was a……………. to hear about the massive earthquake

a. lie b. truth c. pain d. shock

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3- Please can you the door when you leave the building7

a. lock b. fit c. influence d. repeat

4- Hassan's brother always ……Hassan when he can't find his pen!

a. fits b. blames c. plans d. digs

5- If the toy car does not work, you should put in a new ……………..

a. route b. battery c. fact d. password

6- The …………………. of Cairo is growing every year.

a. population b. people c. pros d. national

7- My fat her has never ……….. to go to hospital.

a. need b. needs c. needing d. needed

8- ……………………. you enjoyed your time in the museum!

a. Do b. Have c. Did d. Has

9- Amira's sister agreed ….… the medicine, although she didn't like it

a. to take b. taking c. took d. take

10- Have you finished ……………… that book that I gave you!

a. to read b. reading c. read d. reads

11- I expect that Ahmed …………….. to university next year.

a. goes b. go c. will go d. went

12- Dina can't see her friends this afternoon . She ………. her mother in the kitchen.

a. helps b. is helping c. helped d. was helping

4 Rewrite the following sentences using the word)s( in brackets , to give the same meaning.

1. This is the first time Salma has ever traveled to Sharm El Sheikh. (never)

2. What do you intend to do during the weekend? (going)

3. He mustn't repeat those mistakes. (avoid)

4. My father always walked to work when he was young. (used)

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5 Find and correct the mistakes in the following sentences:

1. In 1800, two percent of the world's pollution lived in other cities.

2. Urban life has its pros and coins.

3. A Child's Garden of Verses is a book of poets.

4. If you sit in a traffic jam, your lungs will fall with the smoke from cars.

6 Read the following passage, then answer the questions:

People have told poems for thousands of years. The first poets probably told or sang poems to people at special events. Some of the poems were very long and they told a story about history. Perhaps the oldest poem is the Epic of Gilgamesh, about a king in Iraq. It is very long and is about 4,000 years old.

Arabic poetry was the first to use rhyme: people began to write rhymes in English poems in about the twelfth century. Poets have written hundreds of kinds of poem since then. Some continue to tell stories, others have silly rhymes to make people laugh, and some do not rhyme at all. Most poems, however, make people think and sometimes see the world in a different way.

1. Why do you think that people did not write the first poems in books7

2. How old is the world's oldest poem?

3. What is it about!

4. Why do some poets write silly rhymes?

5. …………… first used rhyme in poetry.

a. The Arabs b. The Ancient Egyptians

c. Gilgamesh d. The English

6 What do most poems do?

a. make people laugh b. rhyme

c. tell stories d. make people think

Answer only four of the following questions:

1. What is a census?

2. How does the information from the census help the government?

3. Which do you prefer to read, poems or stories? Say why

4. In your opinion, what might be expected replacements for oil in the future?

5. How do you think farmers will be able to "grow fuel" in their fields?

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6. In what way can a census solve society's problems?

8. Answer the following questions:

'He saw a sign which said "London, 70 miles." He did not know how long this would take to walk, but he decided that London would be a good place for him to go. Even Mr Bumble would not be able to find him in that great city he had heard of where there would be so many opportunities for him.'

a( What is Oliver Twist running away from'

b( Why does Oliver decide to go to London?

c( Who does Oliver meet on the journey to London?

9( Write an email of about NINETY )90( words to a friend about a place that you know in the city or the countryside:

10( A Translate into Arabic:

1 We should protect the environment so we can live in a clean world.

2 Fareeda stopped to talk to her friend on her way home.

B Translate into English:

قبل - من كهذه مثيرة قصة بقراءة استمتع . لم

diseaseمرضbatheيستحم infectionالعدوىinvitationدعوة

infectedملوث - مصابup –to -dateحديث infectiousمعدى updateيحدث (بيانات)

outbreak إنتشار المرض out-of-dateقديمwildlifeالحياة البريةinspectيفتش cleanlinessالنظافةinspectionتفتيش

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Health and Safety

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flyذبابةpartnerشريكbathe=have a showerيستحمdigestionهضمpoisonسم digestيهضمpoisonousسامimproveيحسنtoxicسامdisappointedمحبط

sanitationالنظافة العامة get fitيصبح الئق بدنيا hygieneالنظافة الشخصيةkeep fit يحافظ على لياقته

hygienicصحىlawقانونgermجرثومة lawyerمحامى

lonelinessالوحدة dirtsقاذروت advertisementاعالنات

slonelyوحيد

politenessاالدبonlineعلى االنترنتcleanlinessالنظافةadviceنصيحةgermicideمبيد جراثيم adviseينصح

insect حشرةPublic placesاماكن عامة Bird fluإنفلونزا الطيورdomesticمنزلى - اليف

believeيعتقد - يصدق postersملصقات اعالنيةstomachمعدة.decide to +Infيقرر

decide onيحدد +noun

stomach acheالم بالمعدة

an expertخبير Pass diseaseينقل مرض tastesمذاق جميل

deliciousrulesقواعد

unusualغير عادىvirusفيروس catch aيصاب بمرض..?How oftenكم عدد المرات

diseasecatch a fluيصاب باالنفلونزاmultiplyيتكاثرcatch coldيصاب بالبردstairsساللم

cough رائحته كريهةيكحsmells badbreathe يحافظ على نظافة يتنفسkeep….clean

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under controlتحت السيطرةbreathنفسPut on weightيزداد وزناsmokingتدخينlose weightيفقد وزناcigarettesسجائرpatientصبور - مريضhealthyصحى

farmمزرعةunhealthyغير صحىprotectيحمى healthierبصحة اكثر

avoidيتجنبlungsرئتينfingerأصبع heartقلب

damagedتالفchemicalsمواد كيميائية

Prepositionscover withيغطى بــــPass from…toتنتقل من.. الى

die ofيموت منcareful aboutحريص بخصوص لدغة ) –land onيهبط على من يموت

حرق) die from

protect….fromيحمى من unusual forغير معتاد لـ possible forممكن لـــlook afterيعتنى بـــ walk upيصعد العلىbad forضار بــــ

on the leftعلى اليسار put on weightيزداد وزنا

Examples:- Dirty hands will be covered with millions of germs.- Make sure that flies and other insects do not land on your food.- Many infections of the stomach pass from one person to another.- Smoking is bad for your heart.

Expressions تعبيرات

يبحث علىاالنترنت

look onlineيعطى نصيحةgive advice

walk up theيصعد الساللمstairs

follow adviceيتبع نصيحة

do\play sportsيمارس رياضة smokeيدخن سجائر139

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cigarette stopيتوقف عن التدخينstay fitيظل الئق بدنيا

smoking a healthyرئة صحيةhigh in fatعالى الدهون

lung يجعله onlineنصائع على االنترنتmake you illمريضا

advicebreathe smokeيستنشق دخانsoft drinkمشروب غازى

Examples:- You should stop smoking to enjoy a healthier life.- You should avoid eating food which is high in fat.- You should look online for ways to stop smoking.- Which sport do you do \ play?- My uncle always coughs when he walks up the stairs to his flat.

- Definitions تعريفات

Disease مرض It is an illness or serious medical It is an illness or serious medical condition.condition.Flu إنفلونزا It is a common disease which is like a It is a common disease which is like a bad cold but is more serious.bad cold but is more serious.Infected معدىمصاب / He is someone who is infected He is someone who is infected with a disease.with a disease.Outbreak مرض ( إنتشار(

It is when something bad like a It is when something bad like a serious disease or war starts.serious disease or war starts.Wild بالبرارى خاص ( برى(

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Animals and plants that live in the wild and are Animals and plants that live in the wild and are not looked after by people on farms, in gardens, not looked after by people on farms, in gardens, etc.etc.

How to avoid illness Cleanliness is extremely important in protecting us from infections. Hygiene (your own cleanliness) and sanitation (public cleanliness) are both important. Many infections of the stomach pass from one person to another because of bad sanitation and hygiene. If a child has dirty hands, they will be covered with millions of germs which we cannot see. If that child gives sweets to another child, some of those germs will be passed to the other child. When this child eats some of the germs and may become ill. The child's mother may say that it is because her child ate the sweets, but it is really because her child ate the other child's germs. These are some of the rules of hygiene. You should always wash your hands before a meal. You should bathe more often in hot weather or when you have been running or been to the gym. You should also be very careful about the food you eat and the water you drink. Make sure that flies and other insects do not land on your food. Insects eat dirt and there are germs in dirt. If insects land on your food, they may pass their germs on to you. You must not leave pieces of food or dirty dishes lying around, because they will attract flies. You can protect food from flies and germs by covering it. You should always boil tap water before you drink it. Finally, you must never eat food that smells bad because it may be poisonous. Do not eat food from a tin if the tin is damaged; the food will probably be bad.

Bird Flu:

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Reading

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It is a disease that catches only birds. All kinds of wild birds and farm birds can catch bird flu. If humans are near infected birds they can catch the disease. However, it is extremely unusual for humans to catch bird flu from other humans. The outbreak of the bird flu started in 2003 in Asia. Millions of birds were killed to stop the disease, but by 2005 to 2006, there were new outbreaks in Africa, the Middle East and Europe. The disease now is under control.

Doctor Hamid’s online advice: Dear Doctor Hamid,My uncle often coughs, when he walks up the stairs to his flat, he often finds it difficult to breathe. When he was younger, he loved playing tennis and running. He was healthy and always ate lots of fruit and vegetables. Now he doesn’t do any sports. He says he prefers to smoke cigarettes. What advice should I give him?Ali

Dear Ali, Smoking is bad for your lungs, which is why your uncle coughs and finds it difficult to breathe. Perhaps that is why your uncle stopped playing sports. Smoking is also bad for your heart. Did you know that thousands of people die because they smoke? It is also bad for you to breathe someone’s cigarette smoke. The smoke has got more than 4,000 chemicals in it and some of these are poisonous. They can make you ill. My advice is that you should tell your uncle to stop smoking. There are many ways to stop. He should look online. It might be difficult to stop smoking, but he will have a much healthier life.Doctor Hamdi

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1- What is the difference between hygiene and sanitation?

- Hygiene is your own cleanliness while sanitation is public cleanliness.

2- What will dirty hands be covered with?- They will be covered with millions of germs.

3- Why should you wash in hot weather?- Because hot water kill germs.

4- What are germs carried by?- They are carried by dirty hands.

5- What will happen if you eat food that smells bad?- I will be poisoned.

6- What should you do before a meal?- I should wash my hands.

7- What is the cause of infection in hospitals?- The dirtiness of beds.

8- What does a damage tin of food tell you?- It tells me that it may be poisonous.

9- Which organ is easily infected on eating bad food?- The stomach.

10- How should our hospitals be?- They should be clean and equipped properly.

11- What happens if a hospital is not clean?- Patients will be infected.

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12- Why are the rules of cleanliness important in hot weather?

- Because in hot weather people sweet heavily and germs pass on easily.

13- Why is out-of-date food harmful?- Because it may be poisonous.

14- Can we see germs ? Why ?- No, because they are very tiny\ invisible.

15- How should we keep food ? - By covering it .

16 -Why is it dangerous if a child has dirty hands?

- Because the child can pass germs to other children.

17- When a child takes a sweet from a friend can the sweet make the child ill?

- Yes if the first child's hands are dirty.

18 -How can you make sure water is safe to drink? - If I boil it.

19 -Why should you bathe more often in hot weather? - To make sure al dirt and germs are killed.

20- What kind of birds can catch bird flu?- All kinds of wild birds as well as farm birds.

21- Can humans catch bird flu from other humans?- It is extremely unusual.

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22- When does Ali’s uncle find it difficult to breathe?- When he walks up the stairs.

23- What did Ali’s uncle like doing when he was younger?- He loved playing tennis and running.

24. What did his uncle use to eat? - He used to eat lots of fruit and vegetables.

25. What does Ali’s uncle prefer to do now? - He prefers to smoke. Cigarettes.

26- Why does Ali’s uncle cough? - Because he smokes cigarettes, which are bad for his lungs.

27- Why did Ali’s uncle stop playing sports? - Because he smokes too much which made him ill and weak.

28- How many people die because they smoke? - Thousands of people die because they smoke.

29- Why is it bad for you to breathe someone’s cigarette smoke?

- Because the smoke has got 4, 000 chemicals I it and some of these are poisonous.

30- What advice does the doctor give?- He advises him to tell his uncle to stop smoking and to look

online to find the ways to stop.

31- What will happen to Ali’s uncle if he follows this advice?

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- He will have a much healthier life.

32- Do you know any advertisements or posters that ask people to stop smoking? What do they say? - Yes, there are many advertisements and posters such as:

- Smoking leads to death.- Smoking is the main cause of lungs cancer.- Stop smoking and enjoy a healthier life.

33- Do you think people should smoke in public places such as cafes and libraries? Why? Why not? - No, people mustn’t smoke in public places as there are a lot of people in these places.

34- Do you think everyone should stop smoking cigarettes? Why? Why not? - Yes, because smoking is very harmful and can lead to death. People should enjoy a healthier life instead.

35- What would you say to a friend who started to smoke? - I should tell him about the harms of smoking and that he should stop it before it is too late.

يعمل , كما تستخدم إلعطاء نصيحة للتعبير عن اقتراح أو رأى المتكلم فى ما هو أفضل ما يمكن أن should تستخدم - You should take exercise - You ought to apply for this job .

Should والتعبيرات التالية تساوى استخدام - If I were you, I'd + Inf …

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Subject + should + Inf = subject + ought to + Inf

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- It is advisable to + Inf - It is desirable to + Inf - I advise you to + Inf - It is a good idea ( for you ) to + Inf - I suggest + v-ing - You'd rather + Inf - I think it would be a good thing ( for you ) to + Inf - It's important ( for you ) to + Inf - You'd better + inf

المتكلم فى ما هو ليس من الصواب فعله للتعبير عن اقتراح أو نصيحة بعدم فعل شئ أو رأى shouldn't وتستخدم- You shouldn't eat with dirty hands . - You oughtn't to smoke .

shouldn't والتعبيرات التالية تساوى استخدام - It is not advisable to + Inf - It's inadvisable to + Inf - I suggest not + v-ing - I advise you not to + Inf - It's not a good thing ( for you ) to + Inf - If I were you, I wouldn't + Inf ……

قواعد أو قوانين يجب إتباعها عن الدعوة أو الضرورة أو اإللزام , والضرورة تنبع من وجود must تعبر - You must pay your taxes - You must obey school rules

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Subject + shouldn't + Inf = subject + oughtn't to + Inf

Subject + must + Inf = subject + have to / has to + Inf

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- You must come around and see us ( دعوة ) - You must respect your parents

must والتعبيرات التالية تساوى استخدام It's necessary ( for you ) to + Inf It's a necessity ( for you ) to + Inf You are obliged to + Inf

الحظ أن نفى الضرورة يكون بـ

- It's still early, you don't have to hurry . - She doesn't have to buy sugar, there is much .

للتعبير عن المنع والتحريم mustn ' t نستخدم - You mustn't park your car here. It's forbidden . - You mustn't smoke in hospital. It's prohibited .- You mustn't drive a car without a license .- You mustn't touch an infected bird .

mustn't والتعبيرات التالية تساوى استخدام It's forbidden\prohibited\ banned to + Inf It's not allowed ( for you ) to + Inf You are not allowed to + Inf

Practice

1- I advise you to take exercise . ( should ) ……………………………………………………………………………………

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Subject + don't / doesn't + have to + Inf

Subject + mustn't + Inf

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2- I think it is better to wear the seatbelt when you drive. (ought ) ……………………………………………………………………………………3- It's necessary to get a ticket to travel by train . ( must ) …………………………………………………………………………………………..4- You mustn't tell anyone this secret . ( allowed ) …………………………………………………………………………………………..5- Don't smoke in this room . ( mustn't ) …………………………………………………………………………………………6- You mustn't walk on the grass . ( forbidden ) ………………………………………………………………………………………7- It's inadvisable to waste your time . ( You ……. )…………………………………………………………………………………………

1) Finish the following dialogue:Ali fell ill last week. His friend Ahmed went to see him at home.

Ahmed : What's wrong with you ? Ali : ……………………(1)………………………………… . Ahmed : Did you go to the doctor ? Ali : Of course. I did . Ahmed : ………………………(2)…………………………… ?

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Ali : He said I might have eaten some bad food .Ahmed : ………………………(3)…………………………….. ?Ali : I bought a sandwich from a Take-away shop. The doctor said it was covered with germs . Ahmed : …………………………..(4)……………………………….. ?Ali : Yes, he did. He also advised me not eat anything for two days.

A) Choose the correct answer : 1- You must (cover – uncover – discover – recover) food to protect it from flies . 2- ( Teens – Tens – Tins – Tunes ) of food mustn't be out-of-date .3- You should ( breathe – bathe – pass – press ) more often in hot weather 4- ( Sanitation – Hygiene – Laundry – Soap ) is personal cleanliness 5- The food ( smells – tastes – feels – touches ) delicious . 6- ( Cleanliness – Hygiene – Sanitation – Dirt ) is a source of germs . 7- Flies are dangerous (birds – insects – animals – fish) that can carry diseases from human to human . 8- Bird flu can ( go – pass – leave – move ) from an infected bird to another 9- We must ( love – avoid – avail – verify ) touching chickens infected with bird flu . 10- She ( set – put – laid – lied ) on a lot of weight as a result of eating much fat 11- Scientists all over the world think the disease is (below – under –beneath – underneath) control . 12- A ( seller – caller – cellar – cell ) is someone who makes a telephone call . 13- (Clean – Cleanly – Cleaned – Cleanliness) protects us from infectious diseases

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14- Bird (cold – cough – flu – illness) is a disease which both farm and birds may catch . 15- Three hundred people died ( by – about – on – of ) bird flu .16- There is a "No Smoking " sign. We (must – mustn't – should –shouldn't) smoke here. 17- You (must – should – shouldn't – mustn't) wash your hands before having your meals . 18- To drive a car, one ( must – mustn't – should – shouldn't ) get a license first .19 Drivers ( should – must – shouldn't – mustn't ) stop their cars when the traffic lights are red . 20- Experts believe the recent (outcome – output – outline – outbreak) of bird flu started in Asia in 2003.21- You must never eat food that smells bad because it may be (delicious – generous – poisonous – efficient) 22- The robbers broke (into – out – with – at) the room through the back window.23- Germs (multiply – decrease – vanish – disappear) more quickly during hot weather 24- We must not eat food that ( send – talks – smells – sinks ) bad 25- Your own cleanliness is (Hygiene – Sanitation – intention – condition )26- Cleanliness is extremely important in protecting us from (health – wealth – infection – waste) 27- You (must – should – shouldn't – mustn't) eat too much chocolate . 28- You ( mustn't – shouldn't – must – should ) leave lots of dirty dishes in the sink . 29- You ( mustn't – shouldn't – must – should ) go out without eating something 30- Cleanliness protects us (for – of – from – to) hygiene are very simple. 31- A / An (sense – outcome – outbreak – influence) is the beginning of something bad like a serious disease .

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32- When a wound is (infection – infected – fiction – healthy ) that means it has harmful bacteria . 33- In hospitals, patients are in ( wards – words – worms – wars )34- ( Sanitation – Infection – flu – Hygiene ) is public cleanliness . 35- We have to (make – equip – give – take) our schools with modern computers . 36- Do you think I (have to – should – must – ought) tell the teacher what happened 37- You ( shouldn't – mustn't – oughtn't – needn't ) drink this. It is poison. 38- You should ( obeyed – obeys – obey – obeying ) your teacher 39- You must ( help – helps – helping – helped ) old people . 40- We have to keep our flat ( cleaned – cleaning – clean – cleanliness ) and tidy . 41- A germicide is a substance that kills (bacteria – germs – pests – insects) 42- Don't let insects land ( in – on – off – at ) your food . 43-If you have (killed – touched – eaten – fed) an infected bird, you must wash very well44- A all with equipment for doing physical exercise is called ( class – gym – lab – library ) 45- Don't leave dirty dishes lying ( on – around – off – over ) so as not to attract flies 46- This food is bad. It is ( in – out – up – over ) of date . 47- Don't eat food from a tin if the tin is (labeled – damaged – new – painted) 48- Hospitals should be clean and ( dirty – small – old – equipped ) 49- Disease is another word for (protection – cure – prevention – illness)

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50- Infections can ( carry – swallow – eat – pass ) very quickly from one person to another 51- You ( must – mustn't – should – might ) talk in the school library .

B) Rewrite : 1- He should wash his hands before he eats . (shouldn't) 2- I advise you not carry that heavy suitcase . ( should )

3- It's forbidden for children to swim in the lake . ( mustn't )

4- It's not good for you to eat too much chocolate . (shouldn't) 5- It's necessary for you not to leave children alone at home . ( mustn't )

6- It's a good idea to make a study plan . ( should )

7- I advise to relax after a long tiring work . ( ought to )

8- I suggest not reading until 3.00in the morning (shouldn't )

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9- You should send him a letter . ( better ) 10- You mustn't smoke here . ( allowed )

11- It is forbidden to park your car here . ( mustn't )

12- You mustn't climb trees . (necessary )

13- You shouldn't live near infected birds . ( if )

5) Find and correct the mistakes in the following sentences: 1 -If you want to avoid infectious, you must always wash your hands.

2 -Dirty hands are covered in millions of cons.3 -Researchers are people who do researches.4 -One day, I think that scientists will sold the problems of pollution.7 ( Write a paragraph of ninety words about ONE (1) only of the

following : a) How to avoid illness.

b) Protection is better than cure.Translation:

8 . A) Translate into Arabic :

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Unit 8

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1 -Fifty years ago, our environment was much cleaner than today.

2 -Personal cleanliness is important if we want to stay healthy. B) Translate into English :

.أحيانا تكون الوقاية خير من العالج -1

actorممثلwriterكاتبactressممثلةtheatre groupفرقة مسرحية

patronممول - راعى diaryمفكرة - نوتةpatronageتمويلdairyمصنع ألبان

performanceأداء the truthالحقيقةperform يؤدى Tell the truthيقول الحق

theatreمسرحsoldierجندى stageخشبة المسرحfeelingsمشاعر

obviousواضحsend awayيبعد - يقصى wanderيتجول find outيكتشفwonderيتساءلglobeالعالم beatيهزمglobalعالمى

-win –wonيفوزglobalizationالعولمةwon

poetryشعر fightقتال - يقاتل

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William Shakespeare

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poemقصيدة شعرية mistakeخطأ poetشاعر make mistakeيخطأ

poetessشاعرة by mistake عن طريق الخطأplaysمسرحياتrealizeيدرك

financialمالىeffectأثرguiltذنبeffectiveفعال / مؤثر

guiltyمذنب affectيؤثرinnocent برىءinjureيصاب innocenceبراءةinjuredمصابfoolishأحمقinjuryإصابه

shameخزى / خجلcomposerمؤلف/ ملحن موسيقىPart ownerشريك فى الملكية turning pointنقطة تحول

captureيأسرwindرياح captivityأسرseveralعديد

playwrightكاتب مسرحىtake backيستردartistفنان go on holidayيذهب فى أجازة

+ missيفتقد - يشتاق person

musicianعازف موسيقى

+ missال يلحق vehicle

hat makerصانع قبعات

glove makerصانع قفازاتhobbyهواية

An actor is someone who performs in a play or a film.

A patron is someone who supports or gives money to an organization, artist, musical performer, etc .

To perform means to do something to entertain people especially in public.

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Definitions

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A theatre is a building with a stage where plays are performed.

Prepositions + be able toقادر على

Inf. + born inولد فى

place-be capable of + Vقادر على

ing + born onولد فى

date يذهب فى

اجازةgo on holiday

perform in فى يمثل

+ decide to حريص بخصوصInf.

live onيعيش على

live inيعيش فى send awayيطرد the son ofإبن ..... obvious toواضح لـ

wanderيتجول حول around

the owner ofمالك .....

Make and do

domake make aيصنع قرار do damageيسبب تلفا

decision doيعمل الواجب

homework make يرتكب أخطاء

mistakesmake moneyيكون ثروة do a jobيؤدى وظيفة

يحل لغز /أحجية

do a quiz \ puzzle

make aيسبب ضوضاء noise

make aيقترح do a sportيمارس رياضة suggestion

make aيوعد do showsيقدم عروض 157

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promise=

Words for translation

حكم -criticناقد قضاء

judgment

fairnessعدل mercyرحمة justiceالعدل gloryمجد

لــ يرتكبLong forيشتاقحماقات

commit follies

budgetميزانيةfascinationإبهار criticismنقدfascinatingمبهر

L

William Shakespeare He was born on April 23, 1564, in Stratford in the Midlands of England. His father was a glove maker. William went to school when he was 7, but had to leave at the age of 14 because his family had financial problems. When he was 18, Shakespeare married a farmer's daughter called Anne Hathaway. William and Anne had three children. After that, no one is sure what Shakespeare did but, in 1592, he left his family and went to London to become an actor.

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Listening

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Soon he started writing poems, and one of his longest poems, " Venus and Adonis", which was successful that it made him famous. If he hadn't found a patron at this time, he wouldn't have become a famous writer. By 1594, Shakespeare was a well- known actor and writer who wrote and performed for a theatre group called The King's men. Shakespeare had started writing plays in 1588 and, for the next 17 years, he wrote two plays a year. Many of these were performed at the Globe Theatre near the River Thames in London. His five most famous plays are probably Romeo and Juliet, A midsummer Night's dream, Hamlet, king Lear and Macbeth. Shakespeare part-owned the Globe Theatre, and he made a lot of money from it. He had enough money to buy a very large house in Stratford, and retired here in 1611. Shakespeare died on April 23, 1616.

King Lear Lear is the king of Britain. When he is old, he decides to give his country to his three daughters, Goneril, Regan and Cordelia. But before he does this, he asks them to tell him how much they love him. Two of his daughters, Goneril and Regan, say they love him much more than they really do. Cordelia does not say very much. She does not know how to describe her love for her father. Lear is angry with Cordelia and gives all his money and land to Goneril and Regan. Cordelia is sent away to live in France where she marries the king. Old Lear soon discovers that he has made a terrible mistake. It is soon obvious to him that Goneril and Regan said that they loved him

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only so that they could have his money and his country. The truth is that they do not love their father at all. Lear wanders around the country with his last two good friends until they arrive in Dover. In France, Cordelia hears what has happened to her father. She comes to England with soldiers to try to save him and to take his country back from her two sisters. English soldiers arrive in Dover and beat the French. Cordelia and Lear are captured and taken to Prison. Here, Cordelia tells her father how much she really loves him.

1-Who is Lear?- He is the king of Britain.

2-How many daughters does Lear have?- Three daughters.

3-Why does King Lear decide to give up his country?- Because he is old.

4-What does he want to know from his daughters?- He wants to know how much they love him.

5-What do Goneril and Regan tell their father?- They say they love him more than they really do.

6-Why is Cordelia sent away to France?- Because she does not know how to describe her love to her

father.7-What happens to Cordelia when the king sends her away

to France?- She married the king.

8-What terrible mistake does King Lear make?- When he sent Cordelia away to France.

9-What is the truth about Goneril and Regan?- The truth is that they don't love their father at all.

10- Why does Cordelia come to England with French soldiers?

- To try to save her father and take his country back.

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11- Where does King Lear go after he gives up his country?

- He goes to Dover.12- What happens to Cordelia and her father in the end?

- They were captured and taken to prison. 13- When does Cordelia tell her father how much she really

loves him?- In the prison.

14- How do you think Cordelia feels when she hears what has happened to her father?

- She feels sad and sorry because she loves him. 15- How do you think Lear feels when he finds out how

much Cordelia loves him ?- He feels ashamed and regret.

16- What do you think Lear learns from the mistakes he has made?

- He learns that people can have feelings without talking about them.

17- What does Cordelia do when she hears what has happened to her father?

- She comes to England with soldiers to save her father. 18- Why was Lear angry with Cordelia?

- Because she does not know how to describe her love for her father.

19- How did Cordelia try to save her father? - She comes to England with soldiers.

20- Could Cordelia save Lear? Why? Why not?- No, because her two sisters' soldiers could defeat her

soldiers. 21- How did King Lear punish Cordelia?

- He sent her away to France. 22- How did Goneril and Regan deceive their father?

- They told him that they loved him very much then they took his country and money.

23- Who puts Lear and Cordelia in prison? Why?- The soldiers of Goneril and Regan.

The Third Conditional of " If " الحالة الثالثة

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If + subject + had + P.P.…,subject + would have + P.P...

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أدق بمعنى أو الماضى فى أحداث على ندم عن للتعبير الثالثة الحالة وتستخدمفى حدث ما عكس نتخيل أننا أى الماضى حالة لتعكس الثالثة الحالة تستخدم

الماضى. - If I had studied hard, I would have passed the exam.

( : ( . كاألتى أصلها الجملة االمتحان فى نجحت لكنت جيدا ذاكرت لو- I didn't study hard so I didn't pass the exam.

- If Al Zamalek hadn't played well, they wouldn't have won the match.

أصلها ) ) الجملة بالمباراة فاز لما جيدا الزمالك يلعب لم لو- Al Zamalek played well so they won the match.

من االمثلة السابقة يتضح األتى: Ifلو لدينا جملتين فى الماضى فإننا نستخدم الحالة الثالثة من - فى الحالة الثالثة فإننا ننفى الجملة المثبتة ونثبت الجملةIfعند إستخدام -

Practice المنفية.- He didn't have enough money, so he sold his car . ( If ) ………………………………………………………………………………………………….- He was ill because he ate bad food . ( If ) ………………………………………………………………………………………………….- He wasted his time, so he failed . ( If ) ………………………………………………………………………………………………….

If بدال من Hadالحظ أنه يمكن أن نبدأ بـ Had + S. + P.P……….., S. + would have + P.P..…

* If he had read the letter, he would have known the news. (Had) - Had he read the letter, he would have known the news.

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ويمكن استخدام:But for \ Without + v-ing / noun = If + not + Sub..… .

* If he hadn't apologized, I wouldn't have forgiven him. (Without) ………………………………………………………………………………………………

) If بدال من ( جملة مثبتة + In case of + noun / v-ingويمكن استخدام * If he had come early, I would have met him. ( In case of ) ………………………………………………………………………………………………

1) Supply the missing parts in the following dialogue between Rania and her teacher : Teacher : ……………(1)…………………… . Rania : I'm sorry, could you repeat that please ? Teacher : please, open your book at page 23 . Rania : ……………..(2)……………………. ?Teacher : We are going to read about Modern Wonders of the world . Rania : ……………..(3)……………………….. ?Teacher : Yes, there are two of these wonders in Egypt .

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Mr. Mahrous Ahmed HaikalAssiut – Sahel Seleem

Senior teacher

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Rania : …………………..(4)………………………. ?Teacher : They are the light House of Alexandria and the Pyramids at Giza .

2) Write what you would say in each of the following situations:1. You want to congratulate your sister because she has born a baby.2. A friend shows you an article they wrote. Compliment3. Your friend has just passed an important exam.4. Your friend told you that he has lost his wallet.

3) Choose the correct answer :-1- King Lear is ( a poem – a play – a novel – a song ) by Shakespeare . 2- ( An apprentice – A patron – A poet – A producer ) is someone who supports or gives money to a writer . 3- I'm sure he's ( telling – taking – giving – eating ) the truth . 4- We walked with nowhere to go. We were (wondering–wandering –soaring – roaring) 5- King Lear learnt that people can have (feelings – feedings – sales – fallings ) without speaking about them . 6- Why don't you ( do – make – run – move ) your decision about the trip to Luxor ? 7- Can I make a ( quiz – suggestion – trick – queue ) about spending our holiday ?8- If we had taken your advice, we (would be saved – would save – would have saved – would have been saved) a lot of time. 9- If I ( had had – had – have – have had ) million pounds, I would have probably bought a villa . 10- If we had taken the underground, it (might be – would have been –would be –was) cheaper. 11- I would have come to see you if I (had known –have known –knew –knowing) your address

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12- Unless he read the passage carefully, he (will answer – won't answer –wouldn't answer – wouldn't have answered ) the question . 13- You can see films in the Cinema and plays in the ( zoo – theatre – factory – circus ) 14- The Children are ( digging – performing – farming – shutting ) famous play this afternoon 15- This is an easy question. The answer is (hard – public – obvious –impossible) 16- I couldn't complete my education because of (financial – solvable –geographical – mathematical) problems . 17- Is it always bad to ( do – play – make – give ) a mistake in life ? 18- In the end, Lear found ( on – out – of – off ) how much Cordelia loved him . 19- Shakespeare wouldn't have become a famous writer if he hadn't found a( hero – breadwinner – patron – composer ) 20- Shakespeare wouldn't have been so rich if he hadn't been the part ( partner – owner – censor – actor ) of a theatre . 21- Shakespeare's father was a glove ( founder – maker – doer – performer ) 22- People ( die – live – eat – retire ) at the age of 60 . 23- A piece of clothing worn on your hands is called ( shirt – blouse – socks – glove ) 24- Being the part owner of the Globe Theatre, Shakespeare (made – discovered – invented – did) a lot of money from it.25- We spent the whole morning (wondering – wandering – worrying – sleeping ) around the old part of the city . 26- Do you know the ( returning – making – thin – turning ) point of this story . 27- If I had run faster, I'd have ( win – won – wins – winning ) the race . 28- If I hadn't lent Emma the car, she wouldn't ( has – have – had – having ) been able to go to Cambridge .

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29- If I had your address, I ( will – would – can – would have ) send you an invitation .30- The earthquake ( made – did – put – kept ) a lot of damage to the city . 31- Are you interested in ( making – taking – doing – setting ) sports ?32- He keeps a little ( calendar – diary – dictionary – album ) in which he writes every day notes . 33- The king was ( captured – loved – liked – described ) and sent to prison . 34- The Egyptian do the best they can ( to – but – so that – therefore ) they can develop the tourism industry . 35- Obvious means ( difficult – hard – bad – easy ) to understand . 36- Lear was the ( mayor – president – king – keeper ) of Britain . 37- Lear is angry ( on – at – with – to ) his daughter . 38- Let's ( make – have – do – made ) this quiz about animals . 39- What would you have done if you ( had been – were – have been – are ) free yesterday ?40- Had I a car, I ( will give – would give – can give – would have given ) you a lift . 41- What (will happen–would happen –will have happened–would have happened) if you had failed in your exams ?

4) Rewrite : 1- He didn't come because he was ill . ( if ) …………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………..2- Unless you study hard, you won't come first . ( If )

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First Year sec First Term ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…………….3- They didn't play well, so they didn't win the match . ( If ) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..………………4- He was careless, so he had an accident . ( Without ) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…………..5- He wouldn't have traveled if he hadn't finished his work . ( Unless ) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….6- He didn't help her, so she didn't finish in time . ( Had ) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 7- If Mona hadn't had money, she wouldn't have lent me some . ( because ) …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 8- If I'd known you were busy, I wouldn't have phoned you . ( so ) …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 9- If he hadn't been clever, he wouldn't have answered all the questions. ( Without ) …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

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5) Find and correct the mistakes in the following sentences: 1 -I don’t know the reason for his angry.

2 -King Lear wondered around the country with his last two friends.3 -Invitations, you just passed your exams.

4- Without his rich pattern, Shakespeare wouldn’t have been a successful writer.

6) Read the following passage, then answer the questions : Gertrude was the Queen of Denmark two months after the death of the king of Denmark. She married Cladius his brother. She did not know that Claduis was evil. People believed that he had killed his brother so that he himself might become the king. Hamlet was her son. Hamlet loved his dead father and was very sad at his death. His mother's marriage made Hamlet even more unhappy. He became tired of the world, he had no more pleasure in the things he used to do. He stopped wanting to read, to play and to do all the things that young men love to do . Neither Hamlet's mother nor Cladius could do anything to make Hamlet happier. The ghost of Hamlet's father appeared and old his son that Caldius killed him while sleeping. He poured poisonous liquid into his ears and caused his death. He told him that he must kill his uncle but he asked him not to hurt his mother . Hamlet pretended to be mad. He thought of a plan. He asked the actors to act a story which was like the death of his father . A- Answer the following questions : 1- Why was Hamlet sad ?2- What did the people believe about Cladius ? 3- How was Hamlet's father killed ? 4- What must Hamlet do after he met the ghost ? B- Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d : 5- The underlined word, "He" refers to ………………….. .

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a) Cladius b) Hamlet c) his friend d) his father 6- In order to be sure that his uncle killed his father, Hamlet ………………. . a) became tired of the world b) had no more pleasure in the things he used to do c) asked the actors to act the story which is like the death of his father d) stopped wanting to read 7- After Hamlet had met the ghost, he pretended to be ………………… . a) sad b) mad c) tired d) pleased

Translation: 7 . A) Translate into Arabic :

1 -Never judge people by their appearances.

2 -Love is feelings not words. B) Translate into English :

.ال يستطيع الكثير من الناس التعبير عن مشاعرهم بسهولة -1

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Unit 9

First Year sec First Term

amazingمدهشgraduateيتحرج - خريجamazedمندهش graduationتخرج

amazinglyبطريقة مدهشةmedicineطب - دواءcareerحياة مهنية organisationمنظمة

difficultyصعوبة organiseينظم difficult صعب touchيلمس / اللمس

Kung fuكنغ فوlaterفيما بعدChinese sportرياضة صينيةfoundationمؤسسة -foundيؤسس

foundedphysiotherapعالج طبيعى

y

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Amazing People

Prepared and designed by:

Mr. Mahrous Ahmed HaikalAssiut – Sahel Seleem

Senior teacher

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physiotherapiدكتور عالج طبيعىfind- foundيجدst

wheelchairكرسى متحرك awardsجوائز medicalعالج طبىawardيمنح جائزة

treatmentmusclesعضالتseveralعديد

fightقتال - يقاتلsurprisedمندهش

incredibleال يصدقathleticsالعاب قوى incrediblyبطريقة ال تصدق athleteرياضى

achieveيحقق - ينجز Long jumpالوثب الطويلachievementانجازcompetitionمنافسة inspireيلهمcompeteينافس

inspirationالهام Olympicsالعاب اولمبية

medalsميدالياتParalympicاولمبياد للمعاقينaccidentحادثةwhereverأينما

PE teacherمدرس تربية بدنيةservicesخدمات tennis playerالعب تنسcomplimentمجاملة

congratulatioتهانىns

architectمهندس معمارى

architectureهندسة معماريةcongratulateيهنىءblindاعمى metalمعدن

deafاصمchampionبطل رياضىdumbابكمstadiumإستاد رياضى

handicappedمعاقnestعش (للطيور)

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disabledمعوق- معطلengineerمهندس مدنىthroughoفى كل / جميع انحاء

utbrailleطريقة برايل

tutorمعلم خصوصىcharitiesجمعيات خيرية

Prepositions حروف جر

.…complimentمجاملة علpatient withصبور معon

with the helpبمساعدةof

congratulateيهنىء على….on

help outيساعدwith

look for يبحث عن

difficult forصعب لــــ popular forمحبوب منfall offيسقط من علىon holidayفى اجازةcrash toيصطدم بــــreason forسبب لــــ treatmentعالج لــــ

forwork forيعمل لدى

work onيعمل على اصالحnear toبالقرب منplan toيخطط أنfight withيقاتل مع / بــــplan forخطه لـــfight forيقاتل من اجل

hear aboutيتلقى اخبار عنtravel onيسافر علىhear ofيسمع عنgood atماهر فىwake upيستيقظgood forمفيد لـــ

communicateيتواصل معgood toعطوف علىwith

On…..occasiفى....مناسبةon

take part inيشارك فى

Examples:- In today’s programme, we hear about a brave young man.- The bus fell off the 6th of October Bridge and crashed to the ground.

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First Year sec First Term

- Physiotherapy means a medical treatment for muscles using exercises.- In Kung fu players fight with their feet and hands.- I always travel to school on the bus.- I congratulated my friend o his success.Expressions تعبيرات

مسابقة وثب long-jumpطويل

competitionيكسب جوائز فىwin awards for

يمارس الكنغseem to beيقوم بعمل تعدادفو

do Kung fu

rural areaمنطقة ريفيةjump furtherيقفز ابعدmake…..laugيجعلة يضحكdo a jobيؤدى عمل

htop playerالعب قمةpass a testيجتاز اختبار العاب اولمبية

Paralympicللمعاقينgames

haveلديه مشاكلproblems

award prizesيمنح جوائز فىdo wellيؤدى جيداfor

right answersاجابات صحيحةdo badlyيؤدى بطريقة سيئة

Examples:- Helen Killer won many prizes for her work.- We should help people who have problems.- I always want to do Kung fu.- This boy makes me laugh.- Ahmed seems to be clever at doing his job.

Definitions 1- career1- career مهنية حياة - a job that you plan to do for a long time.

2- difficulty 2- difficulty صعوبة (have difficultyhave difficulty لدية صعوبة ) - a problem

3- Kung fu 3- Kung fu فو الكنغ ( يلعب كونغ فو do Kung fudo Kung fu) رياضة - A Chinese sport in which people fight with their feet or hands.

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4- physiotherapy4- physiotherapy طبيعى ( طبيعىدكتور عالج physiotherapistphysiotherapist) عالج - A medical treatment for muscles, using exercises.

5- wheelchair5- wheelchair متحرك كرسى - A chair with wheels, used by people who cannot walk.

6- incredible 6- incredible / يصدق ال يعقل ال - amazing

7- achieve7- achieve / ينجز ( انجاز achievementachievement) يحقق

- to succeed in doing something.8- inspire8- inspire يلهم (inspirationinspiration الهام )

- To make someone want to do something.9- braille9- braille برايل طريقة

- A type of printing with raised round marks that blind people can read by touching.10- graduate 10- graduate يتخرج (graduationgraduation تخرج )

- to pass exams at university.11- organisation11- organisation منظمة (organiseorganise ينظم )

- A group that a lot of people belong to so that they can meet and do something together.12- tutor12- tutor خصوصى معلم - a teacher of one person or a small group of people.

13- throughout 13- throughout انحاء كافة فى - all over

14- award 14- award / جائزة يمنح جائزة - Prize or to give prize.

Compliments and CongratulationsCompliments and Congratulations المجاملة والتهنئةالمجاملة والتهنئة

Compliments Compliments المجاملة / اإلطراءالمجاملة / اإلطراء ::-- I must say it’s great that………….I must say it’s great that………….-- I’d like to compliment you on………I’d like to compliment you on………

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Listening

First Year sec First Term

-- You’ve done very well.You’ve done very well.-- That’s excellent.That’s excellent.-- You’ve always been good at………You’ve always been good at………

Replies: Replies:-- I ‘m glad you like it.I ‘m glad you like it.-- You’re very kind.You’re very kind.-- Thank you.Thank you.-- That’s very kind of you.That’s very kind of you.-- That’s kind of you to say so.That’s kind of you to say so.

Congratulations Congratulations التهانىالتهانى ::-- Congratulations!Congratulations!-- I must congratulate you on…………I must congratulate you on…………-- Many congratulations.Many congratulations.-- Well done.Well done.

Replies: Replies:-- Thank you, I’m very pleased.Thank you, I’m very pleased.-- I hope the same to you.I hope the same to you.-- Thanks, I can’t believe it.Thanks, I can’t believe it.

Language NotesLanguage Notes.……………………………………….……………………………………… = .Ex: I think Mr. Mahrous is clever. = Mr. Ex: I think Mr. Mahrous is clever. = Mr. Mahrous seems to be clever.Mahrous seems to be clever.Ex: I think that the horse is hungry. = The horseEx: I think that the horse is hungry. = The horse seems to be hungry.seems to be hungry.Ex: I think your team are winning. = Ex: I think your team are winning. = ……………………………………..……………………………………..Ex: I don’t think he ever wants to buy anything.Ex: I don’t think he ever wants to buy anything. = = ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………Ex: I think you’re unhappy today. = Ex: I think you’re unhappy todayنعتقدة:نعتقدة: للتعبير عن الراى او عماللتعبير عن الراى او عما ..seem to + Infseem to + Infللتعبير عن الراى يمكن استخدام للتعبير عن الراى يمكن استخدام

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Reading

First Year sec First Term

In today’s programme, we hear about a brave man whose story will inspire many young people. The brave man’s name is Mahomoud Mohamed Youssef. He likes doing Kung fu and decided to be a PE teacher. One day, the bus that Mahmoud was travelling on made an accident. It fell off 6th October Bridge and crashed to the ground. Mahmoud woke up in hospital. Doctors at the hospital told him that he would never walk again. This was very difficult for him because before the accident, he had been a champion in Kung fu. Mahmoud decided to practice another sport using his hands. He decided to be a wheelchair tennis player. After many hours of hard work, Mahmoud became very good at it. He began to train until he began competing in wheelchair tennis, ranked as Egypt’s top second player. He recently participated in tournaments in Holland and Kenya.

Helen Killer It is very hard for people who cannot see or hear. It is even more difficult to enjoy a full life if you are both blind and deaf, but that is what happened to an American woman called Helen Killer. Incredibly, Helen lived a busy life, wrote many books and travelled to many places before she died, aged 87, in 1968. Helen was born in a rural area of the USA. She could never see or hear anything because of an illness she had when she was a baby. When she was seven, her parents asked a nurse called Anne Sullivan to help their child. Anne couldn’t see well herself but was very patient with Helen. She soon understood that this little girl was very intelligent. Anne used touch to reach her to communicate with her hands. Helen then learnt how to read using Braille and even learned several things. When she was 20, Helen went to university and in 1904, she became the first deaf and blind person to graduate. While she was at university, Helen also wrote the first of her many books, called The Story of My Life.

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Helen later worked for the American Foundation for the Blind, an organization that helps people who cannot see throughout the world. As part of her work, she travelled to 35 countries. Helen inspired not only blind people, but others, too. Two films were made about her life and she won many awards for her work.

Reading Questions1- Which sport was Mahmoud Mohamed Youssef very good at?

- He was very good at Kung fu.

2- Why does he have to use a wheelchair? - He broke his back after a bus’s accident. He could not walk again.

3- Why didn’t Mahmoud teach tennis before his accident? - Because he was good at doing Kung fu.

4- What happened to the bus M. M. Youssef was travelling on? - It fell off 6th October Bridge and crashed to the ground.

5- What did the doctors tell M. M. Youssef at the hospital? - They told him that he would never walk again.

6- How did he try to get better? - He decided to practice another sport using his hands instead of his legs.

7- Why is tennis a good sport for people like Mahmoud?

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- Because players use their hands not their legs at this sport.

8- What does Mahmoud’s story teach us? - It teaches us that: - Nothing is impossible and there is no ends. - Don’t ever say that your life has no meaning. - Whatever the difficulty we have to face it. - How we could challenge our difficulty \ disability.

9- What problems do blind people have? - They cannot see.

10- What problems do deaf people have? - They cannot hear.

11- How hard would it be to be blind and deaf? - Life would be impossible. It would be very difficult to communicate with and understand the others around us.

12- How old was Helen when she died? - She was 87.

13- What made Helen blind and deaf? - Because of an illness she had when she was a baby.14- Who was Anne Sullivane? - She was a nurse and Helen’s tutor.

15- Why do you think Anne was very patient with Helen? - Because Helen herself could not see well which made her feel Helen’s suffering.

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16- How did Anne teach Helen to communicate? - Anne used touch to teach her communicate with her hands.

17- What two important things did Helen achieve at university? - She became the first blind, deaf person to graduate. - She wrote her first book, The Story of My Life, there.

18- How did Helen help other people who were blind? - She worked for the American Foundation for the Blind, an organization which helps the blind all over the world. She also travelled 35 countries.

19- Are you surprised that Helen Killer achieved so much in her life? Why\ Why not? - Yes because Helen was blind and deaf.

20- In what ways do you think Helen inspired people? - She taught them that nothing is impossible and how to challenge their difficulty \ disability.

21- How do you think we can help people like Helen Killer and Mahmoud Youssef? - We should encourage them and integrate them with us in life. 22- How can technology help people who have a lost leg or are blind or deaf? - By inventing devices\ substitutive devices that could help them overcome their difficulty.

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23- How do you think technology will improve for these people in the future? - It will help them live a better life by providing them with substitutive devices.

24- Do you admire Helen Killer’s character? Say why or why not. - Sure I admire her very much. Although she was blind and deaf, she graduated from the university and could write many books. She taught me that nothing is impossible.

25- What lesson do you learn from reading about Helen Killer? - I learn from reading about Helen Killer that nothing is impossible and life has no ends.

Definite and indefinite articles أدوات المعرفة والنكرة 180

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The indefinite articles a / an : " نضع a قبل االسم المفرد الذى يعد البادئ بحرف ساكن "

a pen – a car – a book…….etc. ) . y) ولكنه ينطق (u " قبل االسم المفرد الذى يعد البادئ بحرف (aنضع "

a university – a European country – a uniform – a useful thing – a utensil

" نضع an) قبل االسم المفرد البادئ بحرف متحرك " a, e, I, o, u ( an elephant – an apple – an orange – an umbrella – an item – an ugly scene

" قبل االسم المفرد الذى يعد البادئ بحرف ساكن وال ينطق ويليهanنضع " حرف متحرك مثل:

an hour – an honest man – an x-ray

The use of indefinite articles a / an تستخدم

عندما يذكر االسم ألول مرة -1- We have a house with a garden. - I read a story about a soldier and an old man.

لنشير إلى واحد من عدد -2- We have got a car . ( واحدة من السيارات ) لدينا سيارة

لنشير إلى وظائف األشخاص -3- He is a teacher - My uncle is an engineer.

قبل األسماء الجمع أو األسماء التى ال تعد والa / anوبالطبع ال نستخدم األسماء المعنوية.

The definite article " the " : " فى الحاالت األتية : the نستخدم أداة التعريف "

قبل االسم الذى تكرر فى الجملة الثانية وتم ذكره فى الجملة -1االولى ( نكرة أصبح معرفة)

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- I have got a house with a garden. The house is small, but the garden is huge.

عندما يكون هناك واحد فقط من الشئ -2The sun – the moon – the universe – the world – the horizon – the earth

- The sun rises in the east .

- Cairo is the capital of Egypt .

قبل االختراعات واالكتشافات -3- The plane has made travel very fast.

قبل اسم الحيوان المفرد لنشير إلى النوع كله ( ويأتى بعده -4الفعل فى صيغة المفرد )

- The camel bears thirst . ( All camels bear thirst )

- The giraffe has a long neck . ( All giraffes have long necks )

قبل صفات المقارنة القصوى ( التفضيل ) -5- The computer is the most important modern invention .

- Ali is the tallest boy in the class .

كلما ... كلما - قبل جزئى المقارنة 6- The more you work, the more you earn .

قبل الصفة لنشير إلى الكل أو الجمع ( ويأتى بعدها فعل فى -7صيغة الجمع )

The poor = poor people the rich = rich people

The blind, the young, the old, the dead, the young, the deaf, the dumb

- The rich should help the poor = Rich people should help poor people.

قبل اآلالت الموسيقية -8 Play the piano, the violin, the drum, the guitar

قبل أجزاء اليوم -9in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening

: قبل األسماء التالية -10the cinema, the internet, the office, the radio, the theatre, the army, the post office

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قبل أسماء األماكن التالية إذا استخدمت لغيرthe- تستخدم 11غرضها األساسي ( للزيارة مثال )

School – university – hospital –prison – mosque – church – market - My father went to the school yesterday. ( As a visitor )

- My father went to school yesterday. ( As a teacher)

.قبل أسماء البحار والمحيطات واألنهار والقنوات -12

The Mediterranean - The Red sea – the pacific ocean – the River Nile – the Suez Canal

قبل أسماء سالسل الجبال ومجموعات البحيرات ومجموعات الجزر -13The Alps – The Himalayas – The Great lakes – The Caribbean islands

.قبل أسماء الممالك والجمهوريات والسالطين واإلمارات والواليات -14

- The United States of America \The USA. - The Sultanate of Oman.- The Arab Republic of Egypt. \ The A.R.E - The United Arab Emirates \ The U. A. E - The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

the ولكن إذا ذكرت الدولة بدون كنيتها فال تأخذ Egypt, America, Oman, Emirates, England.

قبل الجهات األصلية the- نستخدم 15The north of – The south of – The east of – The west of- Libya is in the west of Egypt .

قبل الكلمات األتية:the- وتستخدم 16The only…..- the first, the second, the third, the fourth…..etc.Ex: Asmaa was the only girl who attended the lesson.

Ex: Saturday is the first day of the week.

قبل الكتب المقدسة واسماء الجرائد والمجالت:the- وتستخدم 17The Holy Quran- The Holy Bible, The Times

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وال تستخدم the : فى الحاالت األتية

قبل األسماء الجمع إذا قصدنا الكالم بشكل عام the- ال نستخدم 1Ex: Flowers have nice smell . ( All kinds of flowers )

theأما إذا قصدنا التحديد او التخصيص فإننا نسبقها بـــ Ex: The flowers in your garden are beautiful.

إذا قصدنا برامج التليفزيون television قبل the- ال نضع 2Ex: I watched a movie on television .

إذا قصدنا جهاز التليفزيون television قبل theولكن نضع Ex: He put the glass on the television .

قبل األسماء التالية إذا استخدمت فى غرضهاthe- ال نستخدم 3األساسي ( الذى أنشئت ألجله )

School – university – hospital – bed – prison – mosque – church – market

Ex: He went to hospital because he had eaten bad food .

قبل أسم البحيرة المفردة أو الجبل المفرد. the- ال نستخدم 4 Lake Nasser Mount Everest

– western – eastern – southern قبل the نستخدم ال- 5 northern

Ex: I visited southern America .

قبل الوجبات والمواد الدراسية واللغاتthe- ال نستخدم 6dinner – lunch – breakfast – Supper - English – chemistry – French

قبل الشهور وفصول السنةthe- ال نستخدم 7winter – spring – autumn – summer – January

ة قبل األسماء المعنوية والرياضات األنشطthe- ال نستخدم 8 Democracy – peace – swimming – football – camping

مع the- ال نستخدم 9go home – return home – go to bed

قبل االسماء العلم المسبوقة بلقب:the- وال تستخدم 10184

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King Fahad – President Sisi – Princess Diana اماa, an اذا كانت بمعنى حجرة فهى اسم يعد وتسبق بــ room- كلمة 11

اذا كانت بمعنى مجال فهى اسم ال يعد وال تسبق باداة:Ex: I went to a hotel to reserve a room.Ex: There is no room for mistake on doing nuclear experiment.

1- We must give a hand to people who are sick. ( the ) …………………………………………………….. 2- He returned to his house very tired. ( home ) ……………………………………………………..3- This book is interesting. ( an ) ……………………………………………………….4- All tigers are members of the cat family. ( the ) ………………………………………………………..5- Rich people should help poor people. ( The…………) …………………………………………………….6- Cairo is Egypt's capital. ( the ) ………………………………………………………7- I live in America. ( the) …………………………………………………….8- Mai’s mobile is wonderful. ( The……) …………………………………………………………….

9 . -She ate some bread. ( a ) 185

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10 -I went to school by bus. ( the ) ………………………………………………………………………

11 -Cows give us milk. ( The……) …………………………………………………………….…………

12 -Mr. Mahrous goes to Mersa Matrouh in summer only. ( a ) …………………………………………………………….…………

13 -The theif stole my wallet. ( robbed) …………………………………………………………… …………

14 -Sahar is from Egypt. ( an ) …………………………………………………………….…………

15-Fahad lives in Oman. ( the ) ……………………………………………………………..…………

16 -My mobile was made in Emirates. ( the )…………………………………………………………….…………

17 -Donkeys are useful animals. ( The )…………………………………………………………… ..…………

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1) Finish the following dialogue:

Warda: OK, this is the last question in the quiz.1)…………..……………….

Reem : I think you should have about eight hours sleep.

Warda: That's right 2)………………….…………….….You got ten out of ten .

Reem : Good. I must say, it was a good quiz. You've always been good at writing them.

Warda: 3)……………………….…Do you think you could help me write the next quiz?

Reem : 4)………………………………. We can write it now.

2) Choose the correct answer :- 1- Some old people have ( difficult – difficulty – difference – different ) with seeing in the dark. 2- Hassan’s broken leg is nearly better, but now he needs to have ( physiotherapy – psychotherapy – physiology – morphology ) . 3- My grandmother has ( achieved – lost – inspired – played ) so much in her life. She was a doctor and had four children . 4- Nabila felt ( ashamed – inspired – bored – tired ) to learn a new language after watching a TV programme about a woman who can speak eight languages. 5- Mr. Taha spent most of his ( career – carry – carriage – courier ) as a teacher.6- You must read this book. The story is ( credible – incredible – incredibly – credibility) 7- I saw an interesting Chinese film about some ( judo – Kung Fu – karate – boxing ) fighters.

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8- We look ( to – in – after – for ) men and women who have achieved things in their lives despite great difficulties.9- This was very difficult (to – in – after – for) because before the accident, he had been a champion in Kung fu . 10- Suddenly, the bus fell (to – off – after – of) the 6th of October Bridge and crashed to the ground . 11- After many hours (to – off – after – of) practice and a lot of hard work, Mahmoud became very good at playing tennis. 12- When a person has broken ( a – an – the – no article ) leg, it can take a few months before the leg is better again.13- To make your injured leg strong again, you need (physiotherapy – psychotherapy – physiology – morphology) . 14- (A– An – The – No article) best way for you to get better is to do more exercises. 15- Adel is a space scientist. At the moment , he is studying (a – an – the – no article) moon.16- He had a dream last night. In (a – an – the – no article) dream, he was ten metres tall!17- His cousin is (a – an – the – no article) journalist. He works for a newspaper in Cairo.18- Hamid won an ( reward – award – ward – yard ) for helping out with a lot of charities. 19- You will find people who speak English ( throughout – thorough – thoroughly – thoroughness ) the world 20- ( Several – Severe – Severally – Service ) students got all their answers right in the test.21- Amal’s sister will (graduate –gradually –graduation –graduated) in medicine this year. 22- Mona wants to learn Chinese, so her parents have found her a Chinese ( tutor – kung fu – teeter – turtle ) 23- Omar seems ( getting – to get – get – to getting ) all the answers right.

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24- I’d like your compliment ( on – at – in – of ) my drawing. 25- I ( congratulated – apologized – thanked – refused ) him on his success. 26- Physiotherapy is a medical treatment for ( muscles – skin – bones – blood ) . 27- In Kung fu players fight (for – with – to – against ) their feet and hands.28- People who cannot walk can use a ( wheelchair – fake chair – armchair – wood chair ) 29- I always loves sports so I have decided to be a ( Science – English – P.E – Arabic ) teacher.30- Blind people use ( beer – bear – pearl – braille ) to read and write.31- Helen was born in a rural area in (a – an – the – no article) USA . 32- Two films were made ( into – about – in – of ) Helen’s life.33- Helen’s first book is (call – called – calling – calls) The Story of My life . 34- ( Whatever – Whenever – Whichever – Wherever ) you live, it is better than lining here . 35- Nurses should be ( patient – cruel – dishonest – aggrerssive ) with patients. 36- In my opinion, ( a – an – the – no article ) most important invention has been ( a – an – the – on article ) radio . 37- I'm ( a – an – the – no article ) English teacher .38- ( A – An – The – no article ) plane has made ( a – an – the – no article ) world a smaller place . 39- It can sometimes be difficult to find (a – an – the – no article) radio station . 40- If I haven't got much time, I send (a – an – the – no article) text message .

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41- You shouldn't look at ( a – an – the – no article ) sun. It can damage your eyes . 42- Yesterday I found ( a – an – the – no article ) mobile phone in the road. I took ( a – an – the – on article ) mobile phone to the police . 43- ( A – An – The – no article ) mobile phone was invented in 1973 . 44- Ali is ( a – an – the – on article ) year older than me . 45- We live in (a – an – the – no article) old house near to (a – an – the – no article) Nile . 46- (a – an – the – no article) Suez Canal joins (the –a – an – no article) Mediterranean sea and ( a – an – the – no article ) Red Sea 47- I am hungry, I want to have ( a – an – the – no article ) lunch .48- ( a – an – the – no article ) Egypt is a great country . 49- ( A – An – The – no article ) apples have sweet taste . 50- He went to ( a – an – the – no article ) prison because he stole money 51- I went to ( a – an – the – no article ) hospital to visit my uncle . 52- ( A – An – The – no article ) driver of the car was not hurt . 53- He was tired, so he went to ( a – an – the – no article ) bed early . 54- He goes to ( a – an – the – no article ) cinema twice a month .

B) Rewrite the following sentences using the words in brackets to give the same meaning.

1 -We should help blind people . (the) .…………………………………………………………………

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2 -No student is taller than Islam . (the) ………………………………………………………………………

3 -Donkeys are useful animals . (The) .………………………………………………………………………

4 -Omar read an interesting story. (The)..………………………………………………………………………

4) Find and correct the mistakes in each of the following sentences:

1 -Mahmoud Youssef couldn’t walk, so he used a swing.2 -Invitations, you just passed your exams.

3 -Helen Killer was borne in a rural area.4 -If you want to avoid infectious, you should wash your

hands.

5) Read the following passage, then answer the questions: Most people think that smell is Most people think that smell is the least important of the senses. If you the least important of the senses. If you had to lose a sense, this is the one most had to lose a sense, this is the one most people would choose. However, people would choose. However, scientists say that your sense of smell isscientists say that your sense of smell is very important for memory. For very important for memory. For example, when people smell something, example, when people smell something, they sometimes remember something they sometimes remember something from the past which they thought they from the past which they thought they had forgotten. They probably smelled had forgotten. They probably smelled the same thing at that time . We also the same thing at that time . We also need smell to warn us about bad food need smell to warn us about bad food that we might eat, or smoke from a fire, that we might eat, or smoke from a fire, for example. People who cannot smell for example. People who cannot smell anything anything often feel sad and find often feel sad and find it harder it harder to remember things from the past . to remember things from the past . ItIt is is not a sense that you would want to losenot a sense that you would want to lose..

1 .Why do you think people think smell is the least important of the senses?191

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2 .Why does smell help people to remember things?3 .What can smell stop us from eating/

4 .How do you think the smell of smoke can help people 75 .What can happen to people who cannot smell?

b- They have fewer memories. a-They lose things . d-They don't know people's names. c- They feel happy.

6 What does ‘it’ refer to in the last sentence?d any sense c- sight b- hearinga- smell

7) Write a paragraph of ninety words about ONE (1) only of the following:

a) How we could help people who have great difficulties. b) Smoking and its effects.

D) Translate into Arabic :1-Nothing is impossible and life has no end.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

2-Young people should have a strong will and good determination.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

* Translate into English : .بالصبر واالصرار والمثابرة يمكن للمرء ان يحقق اماله -1

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…………………………………………………………………………………….………………………………

shoreشاطىءconflictصراعspadeجاروفin conflictفى صراع

beachبالجdepend onيعتمد علىdonationتبرع New citiesيربح ماال comfortableظروف مريحةdonateيتبرع

conditionspopulationسكانdonorمتبرع

industrial cityمدينة صناعيةdroughtجفاف / قحطeconomic cityمدينة اقتصاديةdraughtتيار هواء شديدthe home ofموطن لــــharvestحصاد - يحصد

home toموطن لـــhungerجوعpopular withمحبوب/ مشهور لــhungryجائع

near toبالقرب منmalnourishedسوء التغذيةmove awayيبعدshortageنقص

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Reason forسبب لـــfightingمحاربةprovideيمد / يزودcommonشائع / معروف

replaceيستبدلin commonمشترك عمال الجمعيات

charityالخيريةworkers

different fromمختلف عن

portميناءcropsمحاصيل geneticهندسة وراثية

engineering Foodبرنامج غذاء

programmeregionalاقليمىsuffer fromيعانى من

Reading

Cars can damage your health Mexico City is one of the most polluted cities in the world. There are mountains all around the city and there isn’t much wind, so the pollution is not blown away. The people of Mexico City have tried several things to cut the pollution, but nothing has made a difference. They have moved factories from the centre of the city to land outside. They have planted trees along the roads, because trees produce oxygen and help to keep the air clean. There are new traffic rules so that there are fewer cars on the city’s roads. The government put signs of seven different colours on all Mexican cars. So people with green signs could not drive their cars in the city on Mondays. People with blue signs could not drive them on Tuesdays, etc. There was a different colour for every day. Unfortunately this system was not successful. Poor people did not go to work on days when they could not drive their cars, and rich people bought another car with a different coloured sign! This increased the traffic and made the problem worse .

London used to have a problem like Mexico City. Now, drivers have to pay to drive into the centre of London during working hours on weekdays. This has succeeded in cutting 194

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the number of drivers who come into London every day. Many people now use buses and trains. People who live in the centre do not have to pay and nobody has to pay in the evenings or at weekends.

Extra Reading

What is prejudice? When we hear something about someone, we often form an opinion of that person before we see them. For example, if we hear that someone is rich or famous, we may think that this person will be wearing expensive clothes. The women who went to see Oliver were surprised to see a quiet young boy because they thought that he would look more like a thief. But thieves and rich people do not always look how you think they will.

In the same way, when we see someone for the first time, we often make up our minds about the sort of person they are very quickly. It is, unfortunately, part of human nature to judge people by their appearance. Often, however, we have judged is not what we first thought. For example, we may think that someone is friendly when we first meet them, but then change our opinion when that person does something that a friend would not do. Or, on the other hand, we may think that someone is not very intelligent and then discover that is very clever. There are many different ways in which we may judge another person’s character. For example, it may be the clothes that they wear or the way they speak and behave. In many cases this is simply prejudice: we judge people before we have enough information to judge them correctly. The next time you meet someone new, try not to judge them too quickly. Give them time to show their real character.

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Reading Questions

1 ) How can pollution damage our health and our environment? To move people away from other big cities which are crowded with people.2) What are scientists doing to help the problem of car pollution? New cities will be new in every aspects, houses, schools, hospitals…etc. Even life will be new.3) What can you do to help the environment? Yes, I’d like to live in a new city. There I can start a new life with new people.4) Why is Mexico city one of the most polluted cities in the world? Because there mountains all round the city and there isn't much wind.5) Why have the Mexicans planted trees along the roads? To produce pollution as trees produce Oxygen and help to keep the air clean.6) Why are the new traffic rules in Mexico not successful? Because poor people did not go to work on days when they could not drive their cars and rich people bought another car with a different colour.7) How can we reduce the number of cars in big cities? By using Public transport and making drivers pay to drive into the city centre.8) What is prejudice? It is judging people before we have enough information to judge them correctly.9) How can we judge people? We should never judge people by their appearances but by their behaviours and actions. We should give them time to show their real character.10) Why should not we judge people by their appearances? Because the person we have judged is not what we first thought. We should give them time to show their real character.

WORKBOOK Revision C

1( Finish the following dialogue:

Walid: I passed the English exam with 100 percent'

Karim: …………………………………………………………………..

Walid: ……………………………………………………………………

Karim: Yes, I drew it.

Walid: I can't draw, but I can take good photographs.

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Karim: Yes, you can. …………………………………………………

Walid: They are having a photography competition in the library next week. I have two photographs that I think are quite good……………?

Karim: You should join the competition of course.

2( Write what you would say in each of the following situations:

a You want to congratulate your sister because she has passed her driving test.

b A friend shows you an article they wrote . Compliment him.

c You are going to have lunch with your young brother. He has been playing outside. Advise him.

d Your uncle is going on holiday in Britain. You want to remind him that they drive on the left.

3( Choose the correct answer from a, b, cord:

1- Flu is a……………….. that many people can catch .

a. drought b. disease c. donation d. disaster

2- Do not leave your food on the table or it will …………….. flies.

a. attract b. starve c. take d. hit

3- They have …………… the animal that ran from the zoo in a park.

a. infected b. depended c. freed d. captured

4- Who is the ……………………of that new blue car!

a. patron b. owner c. author d. researcher

5- The hotel ……………….. the Nile.

a. opens b. looks c. overlooks d. sees

6- There are ………………. post offices in the centre of the city.

a. several b. soft c. obvious d. wild

7- You ………………… touch that pan. It is very hot

a. should b. must c. mustn't d. must not to

8- Ali is very tall. He………………….. play basketball.

a. should b. would c. shouldn't d. can't

9- We wouldn't have gone to the beach if we………. it was so windy197

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a. knew b. would know c. had known d. know

10- I would never ………………… Chinese food if we hadn't visited that restaurant.

a. try b. have tried c. trying d. tried

11- You must never look at …………………. sun.

a. a b. the c. an d. (no article(

12- Ahmed's father is……………….. teacher.

a. a b. the c. an d. (no article(

4( Rewrite the following sentences using the word)s( in brackets, to give the same meaning.

1. What do you advise me to do? (should(

2. Hana went to the doctor, as she wasn't feeling well. (If(

3. Omar read an interesting story. (The(

4. If Ali had been busy, he wouldn't have gone to the club. (because(

5( Find and correct the mistakes in the following sentences:1. It you want to avoid infectious, you must always wash your hands.

2. Mahmoud Youssef couldn't walk, so he used a swing.

3. Helen Keller was borne in a rural area.

4. Invitations, you just passed your exams.

6( Read the following passage, then answer the questions:Hi Magda,

Thank you for your email and I'm looking forward to you visiting me here in the hospital. Your mother says that you have never been to a hospital' When you arrive, you must wash your hands before you come in. You should go to room 4 and ask to see me. I am not bored here. Yesterday we watched a play. The actors performed for all the children in the hospital. If you had visited me yesterday, you would have seen it It was very good!

The doctors think that my leg is nearly better. They will make a decision tomorrow about when I can go home. I must use a wheelchair for a few weeks and I will also need physiotherapy, but then I will be better'

Nahla

1. Why do you think Magda must wash her hands before she visits Nahla?

2. Why wasn't Nahla bored yesterday?

3. What did the actors do?198

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4. What would Madga have seen if she had visited yesterday?

5- When will Nahla know when she can go home?

a. tomorrow b. in a few days

c. in a few weeks d. in one or two months

6- What will help Nahla to be stronger after she leaves the hospital7

a. a wheelchair b. her friends c. physiotherapy d. some actors

7 Answer only FOUR of the following questions:1. What did King Lear decide to do when he was old?

2. What do you think would have happened if King Lear had known how much Cordelia loved him?

3. What lesson do you learn from reading about Helen Keller??

4. In your opinion, how is cleanliness the key to a healthy life?

5. People express their feelings in different ways. (Give two examples.(

6. In your opinion, what qualities does any person need to achieve his or her ambitions in life?

8( Answer only FOUR of the following questions:a. What happened to Oliver when he was going to the bookshop?

b. What did Mr Bumble tell Mr Brownlow?

c. Why did Mr Sikes and Toby Crackit want Oliver to help them?

d. Do you think Fagin is a good or bad person? Give a reason.

e. Why were Mrs Maylie and Rose surprised when they saw the thief?

9( Write a paragraph of ninety words about only ONE )1( of the following:a. An amazing person that you know

b. The importance of cleanliness.

10- a( Translate into Arabic: 1. People who can't see or hear should learn to depend on themselves.

2. Sanitation is very important for leading a healthy life.

b( Translate into English:

بسهولة- مشاعرهم عن التعبير الناس من الكثير يستطيع ال

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