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© 2018 IJRAR July 2018, Volume 5, Issue 3 www.ijrar.org (E-ISSN 2348-1269, P- ISSN 2349-5138)

IJRAR1903059 International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews (IJRAR) www.ijrar.org 486

SENSING TEMPERATURE, HEARTBEAT AND

POSITIONAL MOVEMENTS OF A PERSON

CONTINUOUSLY BY ARDUINO AND MEMS SENSOR

1V.Puja,

2S.Swarnalatha

1PG Scholar, Dept. of ECE, SVU college of Engineering, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupathi, AP, India.

2Associate Professor, Dept. of ECE, SVU college of Engineering, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupathi, AP, India

Abstract: Today wellbeing is more vital than riches. This paper shows the model, working and evaluation of a remote compact

human services observing framework. This undertaking has diverse sorts of sensors which are utilized to quantify the wellbeing

parameters of a person and every one of these sensors are inserted into a controller through remote system. In this framework we

are checking heart beat, temperature and position of a patient. Heart related illnesses are expanding step by step; accordingly, an

exact, moderate and versatile heart rate and body temperature estimating gadget is basic for making a move in rectify time. Such a

gadget is more fundamental in a circumstance where there is no specialist or center adjacent (e.g., rustic zone) and patients can't

not perceive their genuine condition. Extra to the heart beat sensor and temperature sensor, MEMS sensor is utilized to screen the

positional changes in the trance like state tolerant. The framework gives data of heart rate, body temperature and position of

individual at the same time obtained on the convenient gadget continuously and demonstrates it through the LCD and send that

information to Bluetooth controlled android application.

Key words : Arduino Uno , MEMS sensor, Heart Beat sensor, Body Temperature sensor.

I. INTRODUCTION :

The cutting edge social insurance framework empowers the medicinal experts to perform ongoing observing, early

analysis and treatment for potential wellbeing risks. Medicinal telemetry frameworks, otherwise called telemedicine, are

developing quickly as remote correspondence innovation propels. Much headway has been done as of late in models for remote

wellbeing observing[1]

. These progressions depend on wired/remote correspondence systems to convey quiet meetings and

restorative analysis. The cutting edge social insurance is connected for giving more effective use of doctors, diminishing the cost

for clinic stays, lessening the ability level and limiting the recurrence of visits of home-mind experts, decreasing doctor's facility

readmission rates and advancing wellbeing instruction at different levels.

1.1 MOTIVATION:

On account of a crisis, even a little deferral in treatment may represent a danger to tolerant' s life. Consistent checking

and watching the wellbeing parameters like temperature, pulse, and so on is exceptionally troublesome today. It requires a labor

to screen. On the off chance that incase the person imprudent or occupied with various work or tiredness they can't screen the

patient ceaselessly. We are living in twentieth century in this century year, science and innovation develops a fundamental part. In

this venture installed innovation has been utilized.

1.2 OBJECTIVE:

The target of this task is to screen the pulse every moment, body temperature and positional developments of a man. On

the off chance that a patient is in trance state then a man is have to watch that patient persistently. On the off chance that a trance

like state quiet moves his finger or lift his turn in flicker of an eye and if the individual who is observing didn't perceive that

change, in this way we may not know the adjustment in the patient or individual. Constant checking of a patient isn't conceivable

consistently in this way, by utilizing these MEMS sensor we can detect if any developments happened in the situation of a patient

or individual alongside his/her pulse and body temperature.

1.3 ORGANIZATION OF THE PROJECT :

In Section II, existing methods and their drawbacks are discussed. Proposed work, block diagram and various

components used are described in sections III and IV respectively. Section V describes working of the project. Section VI

describes the results and discussions. Section VII and VIII concludes the paper and describes the future scope of this project

II. EXISTING METHODS:

There are some current techniques planned and created which are utilized to gauge the body temperature and pulse of a

man. For the most part electrical strategies gives a cumbersome lash around one's chest. Be that as it may, the optical technique

requires no such tie and it can be utilized all the more adequately. Minimal effort heart rate estimating gadgets were created

utilizing optical innovation. In optical strategies ground-breaking LED and Light Dependent Resister (LDR) are utilized to detect

beats of the individual. The beat signals are then opened up by an intensifier circuit and separated through a band pass channel.

The opened up and sifted beat signals are sent to the microcontroller[2]-[3]

. The microcontroller checks the simple signs whether

they are substantial or not contrasting and a standard voltage. Microcontroller checks the heart rate and shows the outcome in a

LCD.



There is some another approach where infrared Tx and Rx are utilized. In this framework it percepts the beats and opens

up them at long last sifted by a low pass channel. At last, the beat flag is sent to a microcontroller. The microcontroller produces

yield in examination with reference voltage.

M. M. A Hashem et al.[4]

composed a gadget which utilizes infrared innovation to detect pulse and temperature . This can

align simple flag of heartbeats for every individual. It sends the information and gets information through remote channel. The

information can be sent to PC and spared in web server with the goal that anybody can get to that information from the web

server. The principle downside of this framework is that it needs a PC to send information to the web server through the web.

A telemedicine framework is displayed by N. Navale et al. in [5]

In the framework, the client conveys an equipment

gadget associated with an android application through Bluetooth association. The gadget constantly measures the heart rate and

body temperature and sends these data to the android application. Android application sends the data to the server and if the client

has any issue like heart assault then it sends a crisis message to the patient's specialist and watchmen containing the present area

of the patient.

N. Indumathy, and K. K. Patil [6]

built up an android based patient human services observing framework utilizing a few

sensors like temperature, heart rate estimating sensor, eye flicker discovery sensors to distinguish the present state of the patient.

The framework is produced such a path, to the point that if patients can't talk or move his hand or body then simply squint his/her

eyes 5 times then a message send to the guardian about the present circumstance of the patient and constantly send the data about

pulse and body temperature to the server[7]-[10]

. An android application running in the overseer telephone get the message and

creates voice sound with the goal that guardian can perceives the patient's present circumstance.

III. PROPOSED WORK:

Overall proposed system in working condition is shown in Fig.1. LEDs in all the components starts blinking and sense

data from its surrounding when a person’s finger is placed in the heart beat sensor clip. The microcontroller is connected to

android mobile through Bluetooth module and shows the sensed information in the android device through HC-05 Bluetooth

module.

Fig. 1 : Overview of proposed work

3.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM OF PROPOSED WORK:

Fig. 2 : Block Diagram of Proposed work

POWER SUPPLY

ARDUINO

UNO

HEART BEAT

SENSOR

BODY

TEMPERATURE

SENSOR

MEMS SENSOR

LCD

BLUETOOTH

MODULE

ANDROID

MOBILE



3.2 COMPONENTS USED :

3.2.1 Temperature Sensor:

Temperature sensors are utilized as a part of assorted applications, for example, sustenance preparing, HVAC natural

control, therapeutic gadgets, compound dealing with and car in the engine observing (e.g., coolant, air admission, chamber head

temperatures, and so forth.). Temperature sensors tend to quantify warmth to guarantee that a procedure is either; remaining

inside a specific range, giving safe utilization of that application, or meeting an obligatory condition when managing

extraordinary warmth, risks, or blocked off estimating focuses[11]

.

There are two primary flavors: contact and noncontact temperature sensors.

Noncontact sensors measure the warm radiation a warmth source discharges to decide its temperature. The last gathering

measures temperature from a separation and regularly are utilized as a part of perilous situations.

Contact sensors incorporate thermocouples and thermistors that touch the question they are to quantify.

LM35 Temperature Sensor:

LM35 is an accuracy IC temperature sensor with its yield relative to the temperature (in oC). The sensor hardware is

fixed and accordingly it isn't subjected to oxidation and different procedures. With LM35, temperature can be estimated more

precisely than with a thermistor. It likewise have low self-warming and does not cause in excess of 0.1 oC temperature ascend in

still air[12]

. The working temperature extend is from - 55°C to 150°C. The yield voltage shifts by 10mV in light of each oC

rise/fall in encompassing temperature, i.e., its scale factor is 0.01V/oC. The LM35 has been utilized to quantify human body

temperature and stick 2 OUT associated with Arduino uno simple stick A0.

Fig. 3 : Temperature Sensor

3.2.2 Heart Beat Sensor:

Checking heart rate is essential for competitors, patients as it decides the state of the heart (just heart rate). There are

numerous approaches to gauge heart rate and the most exact one is utilizing an electrocardiography.

Be that as it may, the all the more simple approach to screen the heart rate is to utilize a heart rate sensor. It comes in

various shapes and sizes and enables a moment approach to gauge the heart beat. Heart beat sensors are accessible in wrist

watches(smart watches), advanced mobile phones, chest ties, and so on the heart beat is estimated in pulsates every moment or

bpm, which shows the circumstances the heart is contracting or growing in a moment[13]-[15]

.

Fig. 4 : Heart Beat Sensor

There are three sensors utilized as a part of the transmitter module. They are the, Heartbeat Sensor, Pressure Sensor and

Drug discovery Sensor. This sensor is intended to give computerized yield of heart beat when a finger is put in it. At the point

when the heart beat identifier is working, the beat LED flashes as one with every pulse. This advanced yield can be associated

with microcontroller straightforwardly to quantify the Beats every Minute (BPM) rate. It takes a shot at the guideline of Light

balance by blood move through finger at each heartbeat.



3.2.3 MEMS Sensor :

The MEMS accelerometers can be partitioned into two essential small scale framework structures: piezo-resistive and

capacitive. Despite the fact that both of these two sorts of accelerometers have inward evidence masses which are energized by

speeding up, the distinctions of these two structures lie in the transduction instrument which is utilized to the development

relationship of the interior proof mass to quicken[16]

.

The Capacitive accelerometers have a differential capacitor whose adjust is disturbed by the confirmation mass

development. Piezo resistive accelerometers normally depend on prompting, which connect the evidence mass to the sensor

which is utilized for distinguishing proof of the development of the mass.

Fig. 5 : MEMS Sensor

Fujitsu effectively built up the 'FAR-S2AB' arrangement, 3-hub Accelerometer, utilizing best in class MEMS

innovation[17]-[18]

. This little and exceptionally delicate accelerometer can distinguish increasing speed, tendency and vibration by

estimating the movement in the x-, y-, and z-hub all the while. The MEMS 3-hub accelerometer comprises of a Mass at the focal

point of the sensor's chip, which is suspended by 4 Beams doped with Piezo resistive material.

3.2.4 Bluetooth:

The data can be traded to paces of up to 1 megabit for second (2 megabits for second in the Second Generation of this

Technology). A plan of "recurrence bounce" (hops of recurrence) permits to the gadgets to convey comprehensive in zones where

an extraordinary electromagnetic obstruction exists. Other than that is given plans of encryption and check .

Fig. 6 : Bluetooth Module

Specifications of Bluetooth module:

Model: HC-05

Input Voltage: DC 5V

Communication Method: Serial Communication

Master and slave mode can be switched.



Pin Descriptions of Bluetooth Module :

Table 3.1 : Pin descriptions of Bluetooth module

PIN

DESCRIPTION

FUNCTION

VCC

+5V

Connect to +5V

GND

Ground

Connect to ground

TXD

UART_TXD,

Bluetooth serial signal

sending PIN

Connect with the MCU’s (Microcontroller and etc) RXD PIN

RXD

UART_TXD,

Bluetooth serial signal

sending PIN

Connect with the MCU’s (Microcontroller and etc) TXD PIN

KEY

Mode switch input

If it is input low level or connect to the air, the module is at

paired or communication mode. If it’s input high level, the

module will enter to AT mode.

HC-05 Bluetooth Module is a simple to utilize Bluetooth SPP (Serial Port Protocol) module, intended for straightforward

remote serial association setup. Its correspondence is by means of serial correspondence which makes a simple method to

interface with controller or PC. HC-05 Bluetooth module gives exchanging mode amongst ace and slave mode which implies it

ready to utilize neither getting nor transmitting information[19]-[20]

.

3.2.5 Bluetooth Android app:

Figure 7 shows the icon of the Android App used to display the sensed data through Bluetooth.

Figure 7 : Android App Icon

Before switch on the power supply in kit, open this android app and connect it to the Bluetooth module after turning on

the supply in kit. After pairing with the Bluetooth module HC-05 click on the terminal which is shown in figure 8. Which shows

the homepage of the Bluetooth controlled android app. In this we are using only terminal blog only.



Fig. 8 : Home page of Android Blue control App

We have to connect once to any android mobile in which we want to receive the sensed data and that device automatically

connects to the arduino when it is near to it(when Bluetooth is turned on).

3.2.6 ARDUINO UNO:

Essentially, an arduino board utilizes the Harvard design since, program code and information have isolate memory . The

code of the board is put away is put away in the program, while the information is put away in information memory. There are

different kinds of Arduino sheets. In particular, Arduino Uno, Arduino MEGA, Arduino Lilypad, Arduino Mini and Arduino

Nano.

The Arduino programming dialect is an improved rendition of C/C++. In the event that you know C, programming the

Arduino will be commonplace. On the off chance that you don't know C, no compelling reason to stress as just a couple of orders

are expected to perform helpful capacities.

Associating with the world has two sides. To start with, the originator must make electronic interface circuits that enable

engines and different gadgets to be controlled by a low (1-10 mA) current flag that switches in the vicinity of 0 and 5 V, and

different circuits that change over sensor readings into an exchanged 0 or 5 V flag. Second, the originator must compose a

program utilizing the arrangement of Arduino orders that set and read the I/O pins. Cases of both can be found in the Arduino

assets area of the ME2011 site.

Fig. 9 : Arduino Uno Board

The board highlights 14 Digital pins and 6 Analog pins. It is programmable with the Arduino IDE (Integrated

Development Environment) by means of a sort B USB link. It can be fueled by a USB link or by an outside 9 volt battery,



however it acknowledges voltages in the vicinity of 7 and 20 volts[21]-[22]

. It is additionally like the Arduino Nano and Leonardo.

The equipment reference configuration is dispersed under a Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike 2.5 permit and is

accessible on the Arduino site. Format and generation documents for a few adaptations of the equipment are additionally

accessible. "Uno" implies one in Italian and was denoted the arrival of Arduino Software (IDE) 1.0

3.2.7 ARDUINO IDE software :

The Arduino IDE is a cross stage designer instrument written in Java. It enables you to control the majority of the

product elements of your Arduino. Projects composed utilizing Arduino Software (IDE) are called portrays. These portrayals are

composed in the content manager and are spared with the document augmentation .ino. The manager has highlights for

cutting/gluing and for looking/supplanting content. The message zone gives criticism while sparing and sending out and

furthermore shows blunders. The reassure shows content yield by the Arduino Software (IDE), including complete mistake

messages and other data. The base right hand corner of the window shows the designed board and serial port. The toolbar catches

enable you to check and transfer programs, make, open, and spare draws, and open the serial screen.

IV. WORKING OF DESIGNED WORK :

In this framework we are checking heart beat, temperature and position of a patient .After that we are showing

information on LCD and send information to Bluetooth android application.

When we put finger in the pulse sensor then LEDs in the distinctive parts will begins squinting showing that they are

detecting the information from the finger of the individual. And additionally heart beat sensor temperature sensor is utilized to

screen the temperature of the patient however the temperatures of the human body are in exact to identify by these LM35 sensor

so it will demonstrate the room temperature alongside the pulse of the individual. Also, extra to these two MEMS sensor is

utilized to recognize any positional changes in the individual (who are in trance state).

All things considered these MEMS sensor is 3dimentional yet it isn't conceivable to demonstrate the outcomes in 3D see

in this we are utilizing 2dimentional so it demonstrates the outcomes in 2D see i.e., X and Y hub. This sensor will indicate

positional developments in both X and Y hub.

4.1 Body temperature calculation : Temperature of a person using Arduino microcontroller can be determined by using

following expressions.

Body Voltage to Temperature change:

Temperature in degree Celsius,

Temp = Output voltage * 0.48828125 (1)

Celsius degree to Fahrenheit degree change:

Temperature Calculation:

Tempf= (Temp*1.8) +32 (2)

4.2 Heart beat calculation : Heart Beat of a person using Arduino microcontroller can be determined by using following

expressions.

Sum= 𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒. 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑑[]30𝑖=1 (3)

Frequency = F_CPU / (Sum/30) (4)

BPM= Frequency * 60 (5)

In the above expressions,

BPM means Beats Per Minute

Temp means temperature in Celsius.

Tempf means temperature in Fahrenheit degrees.



V. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS:

At the point when a man's finger is set in the pulse sensor it distinguishes the simple signs from the finger and send those

simple signs to microcontroller ARDUINO UNO. This controller will take the contributions from all sensors and change over the

simple contribution to advanced yield. This yield showed on the LCD and is sent to android portable by utilizing Bluetooth

module. Pulse ,body temperature and human positional developments are shown without a moment's delay. This ARDUINO will

detect the signs persistently and send those signs to both LCD and android versatile. On the off chance that the qualities estimated

by MEMS sensor surpasses its cutoff i.e., in this we made 500, at that point it will as shows as CHANGE IN MOVEMENTS.

Fig. 9 : Sensed data displayed on LCD

Figure 9 shows the sensed data shown in LCD screen and the fig. 10 shows that sensed data displayed on the Bluetooth

controlled android app.

Fig. 10: Sensed data displayed in Android App

VI. CONCLUSION:

Biomedical designing is one of the applications which utilizes both building standards and in addition methods in the

restorative field. It enhances the patient's health. Subsequently , We have outlined a framework to screen the heart beat,

temperature and position of a patient through remote innovation i.e., Bluetooth. Heart beat is estimated through pulse sensor

(comprises of LED LDR and operation amp) , temperature is estimated by utilizing LM35 temperature sensor and in extra to that

MEMS sensor is utilized to screen the adjustments in the developments of the body. Subsequently these parameters are estimated

and transmitted and shown in a specific inaccessible area. This task will in the end diminishes labor expected to screen the

patients in exceptionally not so distant future.

VII. FUTURE SCOPE:

Blood weight, ECG ,EEG and other prosperity parameters are similarly evaluated.

Continuous watching and future finding can be performed by methods for a comparable system (TELEMEDICINE).

By using single structure we can screen more than one patient in better places on the double.



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